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    ๋‹ค์‚ฐ ์ •์•ฝ์šฉ์˜ <์ฃผ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ „>, ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ๋‹ค

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    ๋ฐฉ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฑ… , ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ๋‹ค>>๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์„ธํ•จ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋…์ž๋ฅผ ์••๋„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„œ์ˆ  ํƒœ๋„์˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•จ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ๋„ ์ „๋ฉด์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ฃผ์—ญ ํ•™๊ณ„์— ๋ฏธ์น  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์  ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฃผ์—ญ, ์ž‘๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์—ญ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์˜ , 2007, ์†Œ๋ช…์ถœํŒ) ์ด ์ฑ…์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์„ฑ์ทจ๋„๋„ ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์ž๋Š” ์ฑ… ์ „ํŽธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์—ญํ•™์‚ฌ์  ์œ„์น˜์™€ ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๊ด˜์ง€๋ชจ๊ด˜(ๆŸๅฆไน‹ๆŸๅฆ)๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ”์ด์™€ ๊ด˜ํšจ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์ž‘์ปจ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋Š๋‚€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ด˜ํšจ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋ ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‚ฐ์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์˜ ํ•ด์„๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋„์›€ ์—†์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ํ—ˆ์ „ํ•จ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ์ด ๊ธฐํ˜ธํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„๊นŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•ญ๊ณต์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ, 2022.2. ์œค์˜๋นˆ.As the miniaturization of satellites and the use of satellite constellation increase, the demand for small launch vehicles is also increasing. Accordingly, numerous private companies are developing and operating small launch vehicles, and in particular, the number of small launch vehicles which applying the electric pump cycle, is increasing. The electric pump cycle is a propellant feed system that drives a pump using an electric motor, unlike a gas generator cycle that drives the pump with a gas turbine. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the electric pump cycle compared to other propellant feed systems based on the mass modeling. However, no study has been conducted to validate the application of the electric pump cycle in small rocket engines with thrust level of 10 kN or less. In this study, the validity of the application of the electric pump cycle was dealt with in an experimental and numerical method. First, a cryogenic performance test using liquid nitrogen as simulants was conducted using a cryogenic electric pump system for a 5.4 kN class pintle rocket engine. From the numerical analysis and cryogenic performance test results, the successful operation of the electric pump under the cryogenic environment was validated. Second, based on mass modeling, the performance of electric pump cycle, gas generator cycle and pressure-fed cycle was compared and analyzed. Small rocket engines with thrust level of 10 kN or less are characterized by very low specific speed of the pump due to small thrust level. In this study, mass modeling was performed in consideration of the hydraulic efficiency of the pump according to the specific speed. The performance of the propellant feed system according to the combustion pressure, thrust, and rotational speed conditions of the pump was compared for a small rocket engine. Under the conditions of combustion pressure of 10 bar, thrust level of 5.4 kN, and pump rotational speed of 28,000 RPM used in the experimental feasibility study, the performance of the electric pump cycle was higher than that of the other two propellant feed systems. Finally, this study numerically verified the feasibility of applying an electric pump cycle to a small rocket engine of 10 kN or less and experimentally verified that it would be possible to apply an electric pump cycle to a small rocket engine of 5.4 kN.์ธ๊ณต์œ„์„ฑ์˜ ์†Œํ˜•ํ™” ๋ฐ ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๋„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์šด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์€ ๊ฐ€์Šคํ„ฐ๋นˆ์œผ๋กœ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ „๊ธฐ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์™”๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ10 kN๊ธ‰ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, 5.4 kN๊ธ‰ ๊ทน์ €์˜จ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ก์ฒด์งˆ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งค์งˆ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ทน์ €์˜จ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜ ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ๊ทน์ €์˜จ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทน์ €์˜จ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ž‘๋™์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด, ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํด, ๊ฐ€์••์‹ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 10 kN๊ธ‰ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์€ ์ž‘์€ ์ถ”๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ๋น„์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ฅํ•™์  ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์—์„œ ์—ฐ์†Œ์••, ์ถ”๋ ฅ, ํŽŒํ”„์˜ ํšŒ์ „์†๋„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์  ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ 10 bar์˜ ์—ฐ์†Œ์••, 5.4 kN์˜ ์ถ”๋ ฅ, 28,000 RPM์˜ ํŽŒํ”„ ํšŒ์ „์†๋„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ, ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 10 kN ๊ธ‰ ์ดํ•˜์˜ ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ ์šฉ์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5.4 kN๊ธ‰ ์†Œํ˜• ๋กœ์ผ“์—”์ง„์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์ ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Study background 1 1.2 Previous studies 6 1.3 Purpose of research 10 Chapter 2. EXPIERMNETAL VALIDATION 11 2.1 Electirc pump design 11 2.1.1 Mechanical components 13 2.1.2 Electrical components 19 2.2 Numerical method 21 2.3 Experimental method 25 2.3.1 Test facility 25 2.3.2 Test condition 27 2.4 Results and discussion 29 Chapter 3. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 31 3.1 Gas generator cycle 31 3.2 Electric pump cycle 33 3.3 Pressure-fed cycle 35 3.4 Results and discussion 37 Chapter 4 CONCLUSION 44 Bibliography 46 Abstract in Korean 47์„
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