10 research outputs found

    Establishing a Single Window System in Sri Lanka

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ตญ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ตญ์ œํ•™๊ณผ(๊ตญ์ œํ†ต์ƒ์ „๊ณต), 2019. 2. ์•ˆ๋•๊ทผ.As part of a case study of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Trade Facilitation Agreement (FTA) implementation, this paper aims to identify the current implementation status, challenges, implications and future plans of establishing a Single Window System of Sri Lanka. This study is qualitative research, extended by insights earned from the field interviews with the Single Window stakeholders of Sri Lanka. Literature has been reviewed to find out the key success factors and the challenges hindering the achievement. Data were reconstructed based on the various secondary sources obtained and introduced during the interviews conducted in Colombo, such as World Bank publications on the initial gap analysis, National Trade Facilitation Committee reports, plus policy briefs of Sri Lanka think tanks. The contributing factors of this study are, first, it is one of the pioneering case studies of WTO member countries implementing the TFA. Second, furthering from the common challenges that developing countries go through in transition to digital trade, its implication analysis focuses on Sri Lankas unique factor, the Port of Colombo, that it will bring even bigger trade facilitation benefits in a synergy effect as a logistics hub port connecting the East-West maritime corridor. In conclusion, research findings indicate that challenges are from low integration of agencies within the Customs network, lack of strong lead agency, legal framework, and infrastructure quality plus human resistance to change. The main recommendation for a successful single window system is to grant the strong authority to Sri Lanka Customs as a lead agency in charge of a National Single Window system.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฌด์—ญ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์›ํ™œํ™” ํ˜‘์ • ์‹œํ–‰์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ, ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด์˜ ํ†ต๊ด€๋‹จ์ผ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„ ์‹œํ–‰ ์ƒํƒœ, ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ณ„ํš๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์งˆ์  ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด์˜ ํ†ต๊ด€๋‹จ์ผ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ดํ•ด ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฌธํ—Œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ†ต๊ด€๋‹จ์ผ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์žˆ์–ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋ณด ํ˜„์ง€์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ 2์ฐจ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ˜‘์ • ์ฒด๊ฒฐ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐญ ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์€ํ–‰ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„๋ฌผ, ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด ๋ฌด์—ญ ์›ํ™œํ™” ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ, ํ˜„์ง€ ์‹ฑํฌํƒฑํฌ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํ•‘ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋Š”, ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ฌด์—ญ ์›ํ™œํ™” ํ˜‘์ •์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํšŒ์› ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์ด๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ, ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ์ด ์ „์ž ๋ฌด์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด๋งŒ์˜ ํŠน์ด์ ์ธ ๋™์„œ์–‘ ํ•ญ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ์ธ ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋ณด ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋  ๋ฌด์—ญ ์›ํ™œํ™”์˜ ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ํ†ต๊ด€๋‹จ์ผ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์ž ์„ธ๊ด€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ถ€์ฒ˜์˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋„, ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ถŒ์œ„์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ถ€์žฌ, ๋„ํƒœ๋œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ง, ์ธํ”„๋ผ์˜ ์ €๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ง€์–‘์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด ๊ด€์„ธ์ฒญ์„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ํ†ต๊ด€๋‹จ์ผ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค.Table of Contents Abstract i List of Abbreviations ii List of Figures iii List of Tables iii Chapter I. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Research Design 3 Chapter II. A Single Window System 5 2.1 Theoretical Concepts 5 2.2 Stages of Development 8 2.3 Benefits and Costs 9 Chapter III. Establishing a Single Window in Sri Lanka 12 3.1. Course of Development 12 3.2 Main Challenges 16 3.3 Recommendations 26 3.4 Implications 32 Chapter IV. Conclusion 40 Acknowledgment 41 Bibliography 42 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก 46 Appendix 47Maste

    ํฌ๋กœ๋ชฌ ์œ ๋„์ฒด์˜ tyrosinase ์–ต์ œ ํ™œ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์•ฝํ•™๊ณผ ์•ฝํ’ˆ๋ถ„์„ํ™”ํ•™์ „๊ณต,2001.Maste
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