一部 成人 女性들의 血中 PCBs와 DDE 濃度 및 그 露出要因의 硏究

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 보건대학원 :환경보건학과 환경보건전공,2000.Maste

漢書•藝文志 병서 분류 연구

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 중어중문학과 문학전공, 2013. 2. Olivia Milburn.This paper is about military categories in Hanshu-Yiwenzhi 漢書•藝文志. Several Bingyinyang texts were excavated in Yinque 銀雀 Mountain, and one of them is Didian 地典 which is only surviving text listed in Hanshu-Yiwenzhi. Studying Didian develops our understanding of Bingyinyang and the other three military categories. There are four military categories - Bingquanmou 兵權謀, Bingxingshi 兵形勢, Bingyinyang 兵陰陽, and Bingjiqiao 兵技巧. As these four categories have close connections, studying only one category cannot allow us to understand it. Thus I compare and analyze them together. Before the military categories, I discuss Bing 兵 (Military) first, because it is the basic concept required to understand military texts. I discuss the basic difference between Bing and Zhuzi 諸子, also why they should be divided. Bingquanmou involves other three categories, the Quanmou 權謀 means doing whatever it takes to win a war. It wants to make sure our side wins, thus talks about where to look for predicting the result of a war. Bingxingshi is for someone who has already made the decision to launch a war, he stands in front of the battle field, so he wants to use quick and effective methods. Bingyinyang uses sophisticated theory to win a war, it is the theory of Yinyang and Five elements. Bingjiqiao is about weapons and disciplining soldiers. Bingyinyang texts had been lost for long, these have not been studied much yet. There is no standard to decide which text belongs to any one category. Besides Bingquanmou can cover other three categories, there is a controversy in categorizing the text of Bingyinyang. Through this paper I suggest a standard.1. Introduction 2. The concept of Bing 兵 2-1. The usage of Jia 家 2-2. Provenance 3. Categories of Military text 3-1. Bingquanmou 兵權謀 3-1-1. Meaning of Bingquanmou 3-1-2. Texts of Bingquanmou 3-1-2-1. Sunzibingfa 孫子兵法 3-1-2-2. Sunbinbingfa 孫臏兵法 3-1-2-3. Wuzibingfa 吳子兵法 3-2. Bingxingshi 兵形勢 3-2-1. Meaning of Bingxingshi 3-2-2. Text of Bingxingshi : Weiliaozi 尉繚子 3-3. Bingjiqiao 兵技巧 4. Bingyinyang 兵隂陽 4-1. History of the theory of Yinyang and Five elements 隂陽五行學說 4-2. Meaning of Bingyinyang 4-3. Texts of Bingyinyang 4-3-1. Didian 地典 4-3-2. Other texts of Bingyinyang 4-3-2-1. Xiongpingcheng 雄牝城 4-3-2-2. Tiandibafengwuxingkezhuwuyinzhiju 天地八風五行客主五音之居 4-4. Relation between Bingyinyang and Bingquanmou 5. Conclusion Bibliography AppendixMaste

Expression of E-cadherin in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Implication

Background: Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a category of renal cell carcinoma composed of histologically characteristic tumor cells. E-cadherin is an intercellular adhesion protein that has been correlated with tumor aggressiveness in many carcinomas, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma. However, the significance of an E-cadherin expression in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is not known. Methods : We evaluated the E-cadherin expression status of 65 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas by performing immunohistochemical staining with the tissue microarray method. The percentage of positively stained tumor cells was evaluated and this was then classified into two categories: a low expression where 0 to 25% of the cells are positive, and a high expression where more than 25% of the cells are positive. Results : Among 65 cases, 11 cases (17%) showed a low expression, and 54 cases (83.0%) showed a high expression. The tumors with low expression were more likely to have a higher stage but this was not significant (p=0.056). On the survival analysis, a low E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with poor cancer-specific survival (p=0.005) and progression-free survival (p=0.003). Conclusions : The E-cadherin expression is a good prognostic marker for survival in patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.YUAN W, 2008, PATHOL ONCOL RESLopez-Beltran A, 2006, EUR UROL, V49, P798, DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.11.035Gwak GY, 2006, ONCOL REP, V15, P1117Morell-Quadreny L, 2003, ANTICANCER RES, V23, P5005Polascik TJ, 2002, UROLOGY, V60, P941Amin MB, 2002, AM J SURG PATHOL, V26, P281Rubin MA, 2001, HUM PATHOL, V32, P690Markovic-Lipkovski J, 2001, TUMORI, V87, P173Nagashima Y, 2000, PATHOL INT, V50, P872Taki A, 1999, MODERN PATHOL, V12, P310Heicappell R, 1999, ANTICANCER RES, V19, P1501Fischer C, 1999, ANTICANCER RES, V19, P1513Shimazui T, 1996, CANCER RES, V56, P3234Tani T, 1995, INT J CANCER, V64, P407KATAGIRI A, 1995, BRIT J CANCER, V71, P376GIROLDI LA, 1994, INVAS METAST, V14, P71FRIXEN UH, 1991, J CELL BIOL, V113, P173STORKEL S, 1989, VIRCHOWS ARCH B, V56, P237THOENES W, 1985, VIRCHOWS ARCH B, V48, P207FUHRMAN SA, 1982, AM J SURG PATHOL, V6, P655