36 research outputs found
Misdiagnosis in Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅λνμ : 보건λνμ ν경보건νκ³Ό, 2021.8. λ°±λλͺ
.Introduction: Even though the topic, misdiagnosis in general medicine, was dealt with in many previous studies, the topic, misdiagnosis in occupational and environmental medicine was not dealt with properly and completely in previous literature. This study aims 4 objectives: (β
°) The first objective is to build up a conceptual serial diagnostic framework for occupational diseases (ODs) and environmental diseases (EDs). (β
±) The second objective is to develop a classification framework for the causes of misdiagnoses in occupational and environmental medicine (OEM). (β
²) The third objective is to conduct a scoping review for delayed and wrong diagnoses in OEM. (β
΅) The final objective is to estimate the magnitude of missed nonfatal occupational injury reporting using the International Labor Organization (ILO) occupational injury datasets.
Conceptual diagnostic framework and classification framework: With the 2 types of cognitive functions and the role of each sub-components of the social system considered, a conceptual serial diagnostic framework was devised. With reference to misdiagnosis articles in general medicine and the unique features of OEM considered, the causation model with 6 serial steps was devised.
Scoping review for wrong diagnosis (including delayed diagnosis): A total of 79 articles were included in the scoping review. For clinical specialty, pulmonology (30 articles) and dermatology or allergy (13 articles) specialty were most frequent. For each disease, occupational and environmental interstitial lung diseases (ILD), misdiagnosed as sarcoidosis (8 articles), and other lung diseases (8 articles) were most frequent. For the causation model, the first step, Knowledge base, was the most vulnerable step (42 articles). For reported articles, the frequency of false-negative (55 articles) outnumbered the frequency of false-positive (15 articles).
Original research for missed occupational injury reporting: The ratio of discovered nonfatal occupational injuries to total nonfatal occupational injuries was 0.33 (95% CI 0.28-0.40) for Convention 029, 0.13 (95% CI 0.12-0.15) for Convention 105, and 0.48 (95% CI 0.42-0.54) for Convention 087. In other words, about 52 to 87% of nonfatal occupational injuries are not being reported.
Overall discussion: Without the established criteria for the probability of causation, compensation disputes surrounding the OD or ED case would occur. The clarification of the concept between the probability of causation and relative risk is needed. According to the exposure assessment method and applied biological model, the dose-response relationship can be markedly different. Imperfect exposure assessment is another essential problem. OEM education and training for treating physicians and understanding the intentional behaviors of stakeholders are important. Previous literature about the causes of missed nonfatal occupational injury reporting due to employers, employees, and the government, respectively, was discussed. The role of the occupational health and safety system of the society in reducing the missed nonfatal occupational injury reporting was discussed.μλ‘ : λΉλ‘ μ΄μ κΉμ§μ λ§μ μ°κ΅¬λ€μμ μΌλ° μν κ΄μ μμμ μ€μ§μ λ§μ΄ λ€λ£¨μ΄μ‘μ§λ§ μ§μ
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μ μν μ΄ κ°μ‘°λμμ΅λλ€.1. Introduction 5
1.1. Misdiagnosis in general medicine 5
1.2. Misdiagnosis in Occupational and Environmental Medicine 8
1.3. System perspective in OEM 9
1.4. Overall scope of this study 10
1.5. The rationale for the estimation of missed OIs using the ILO OI datasets 11
1.6. The objective of this study 13
2-1. Methods and results: theoretical reviews 16
2.1. A conceptual serial diagnostic framework in OEM 16
2.2. A classification framework for the causes of misdiagnoses in OEM 21
2.3. System perspective model in OEM 24
2-2. Methods: a scoping review 26
2.4. A scoping review for misdiagnosis in OEM 26
2-3. Method: an original research 28
2.5. The estimation of the magnitude of missed nonfatal occupational injury reporting 28
3-1. Results: a scoping review 34
3.1. A scoping review for misdiagnosis in OEM 34
3-2. Results: an original research 49
3.2. The estimation of the magnitude of missed nonfatal occupational injury reporting 49
4-1. General discussion 59
4-2. Discussion: a scoping review 61
4.1. βMedical misdiagnosisβ versus βCausal misdiagnosisβ: the probability of causation 61
4.2. The confusion between the probability of causation and rate fraction (attributable fraction) 62
4.3. Dose-response relationship and causal inference in OEM 63
4.4. Misdiagnosis in general medicine versus misdiagnosis in OEM 65
4.5. The role of education and training for treating physicians 65
4.6. Intentional behaviors of stakeholders 67
4.7. Risk of bias: case report and case series studies 67
4.8. Other limitations of this study 68
4-3. Discussion: an original research 70
4.9. Causes due to employers, employees, and the government, respectively 70
4.10. The role of occupational health and safety system of the society 71
4.11. Limitations 72
5. Conclusion 74
References 76
Abstract in Korean 93
Disclosure 95λ°
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Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μκ³Όλν μνκ³Ό,2020. 2. μ΄μμ.Introduction: About 40% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are known to have interstitial lung disease. This greatly affects mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Despite this clinical significance, however, few studies have been conducted on rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the pathological characteristics of lung tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease and to identify the association of cytokines, biomarkers and lung lesions in prospective cohorts.
Methods and Results: Pulmonary pathology The subjects were pulmonary pathology in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), systemic sclerosis with interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV (PAD-4), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and alpha-enolase (ENO1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed on 8, 5, and 5 lung pathological samples, respectively. Ten observation areas were randomly selected for each pathological specimen. IL-17A, PAD-4, GM-CSF, and ENO1 slides were observed 167, 167, 152 and 163 regions, respectively, and the percentage of uptake cells to total immune cells in this region was identified at 400 times magnification. IL-17A was statistically significant (RA-ILD vs SSC-ILD, p = 0.00; RA-ILD vs IPF, p = 0.002). ENO1 also showed statistical significance (RA-ILD vs SSC-ILD, p = 0.00; RA -ILD vs IPF, p = 0.024).
Cohort Study This prospective, multicenter study included 167 patients with rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Ξ±), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17A, and GM-CSF, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, surfactant protein-D (SP-D) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) were measured in the serum of the patients and correlated with the results of computed tomography and pulmonary function test. Computed tomography results were interpreted semi-quantitatively according to the extent of lung lesions (grade 1, 0-25%; grade 2, 26-50%; grade 3, 51-75%; grade 4, 76-100%). MMP-7, SP-D and KL-6 had a negative correlation with forced lung capacity (FVC; MMP-7, r = -0.192, p = 0.018; SP-D, r = -0.262, p = 0.001; KL-6, r = -0.181, p = 0.041) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco; MMP-7, r = -0.398, p = 0.000; SP-D, r = -0.253, p = 0.002; KL-6, r = -0.309, p <0.01). TNF-Ξ± showed association with DLco. In addition, MMP-7 and SP-D tended to increase with higher grades of lung lesions on computed tomography. Anti-CCP decreased with increasing CT grade. TNF-Ξ±, IL-6 have not been found to be meaningfully related.
Conclusions: IHC of lung pathology specimens of RA-ILD, SSc-ILD and IPF showed statistical differences in IL-17A and ENO1 expressions suggesting biological differences in those diseases. In the cohort of RA-ILD, MMP-7, SP-D and KL-6 had a negative correlation with FVC and DLco. MMP-7 and SP-D were also correlated with the semiquantitative grade of computed tomography. These biomarkers can be used to evaluate functional and anatomical status of lung involvement in RA-ILD.μλ‘ : λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ νμμ μ½ 40%λ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°νκ³ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ μλ €μ Έ μλ€. μ΄λ λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ νμμ μ¬λ§λ₯ μ ν° μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ€. νμ§λ§ μ΄λ¬ν μμμ μ€μμ±μλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ μ§κΈκΉμ§ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ νμμ λνμ¬ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ μ°κ΅¬λ λ§μ§ μλ€. μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ νμ ν μ‘°μ§μ λ³λ¦¬νμ νΉμ±μ λ°νκ³ μ ν₯μ μ½νΈνΈ λ΄μμ μ¬μ΄ν μΉ΄μΈ, λ°μ΄μ€ λ§μ»€μ ν λ³λ³μ μ°κ΄μ±μ λνμ¬ νμΈνκ³ μ νλ€.
λ°©λ² λ° κ²°κ³Ό: νλ³λ¦¬μ°κ΅¬ μμΈλνκ΅λ³μμμ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ, κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν μ μ κ²½νμ¦, νΉλ°μ± ν μ¬μ μ¦μ μ§λ¨λ°μ νμμ ν λ³λ¦¬ κ²μ²΄λ₯Ό λμμΌλ‘ νμλ€. κ°κ° 8, 5, 5 κ°μ ν λ³λ¦¬ κ²μ²΄λ₯Ό λμμΌλ‘ IL-17A, PAD-4, GM-CSF, ENO1 λ©΄μμ‘°μ§νν μΌμμ μ€μνμλ€. κ° λ³λ¦¬κ²μ²΄ λΉ 10κ°μ κ΄μ°°μμμ 무μμλ‘ μ μ νμλ€. IL-17A, PAD-4, GM-CSF, ENO1λ κ°κ° 167, 167, 152, 163 κ°μ μμμ κ΄μ°°νμκ³ μ΄ μμμμ μ 체 λ©΄μμΈν¬μ λν μΌμλ μΈν¬μ λΉμ¨ (%)μ 400λ°°μ λ°°μ¨μμ νμΈνμλ€. IL-17Aλ κ° κ΅° κ°μ ν΅κ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μν μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό 보μλ€ (RA-ILD vs SSC-ILD, p = 0.00; RA-ILD vs IPF, p = 0.002). ENO1 μμ ν΅κ³μ μΈ μ μμ±μ΄ κ΄μ°°λμλ€ (RA-ILD vs SSC-ILD, p = 0.00; RA-ILD vs IPF, p = 0.024). μ½νΈνΈμ°κ΅¬ μ΄ μ ν₯μ , λ€κΈ°κ΄μ°κ΅¬λ 167λͺ
μ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ νμλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ€. νμμ νμ²μμ anti-CCP, TNF-Ξ±, IL-6, IL-17A, GM-CSF, MMP-7, SP-D, KL-6λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νμμΌλ©° μ μ°ν λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μκ³Ό νκΈ°λ₯κ²μ¬ κ²°κ³Όμμ μ°κ΄μ±μ νμΈνμλ€. μ μ°ν λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μμ κ²°κ³Όλ ν λ³λ³μ λ²μμ λ°λΌ λ°μ λμ μΌλ‘ ν΄μνμλ€ (grade 1, 0-25%, grade 2, 26-50%, grade 3, 51-75%, grade 4, 76-100%). MMP-7, SP-D, KL-6 λ κ°μ ννλ (FVC; MMP-7, r = -0.192, p = 0.018; SP-D, r = -0.262, p = 0.001; KL-6, r = -0.181, p = 0.041) λ° ννμ°λ₯κ²μ¬ (DLco; MMP-7, r = -0.398, p = 0.000; SP-D, r = -0.253, p = 0.002; KL-6, r = -0.309, p <0.01)μμ μμ μκ΄κ΄κ³λ₯Ό 보μλ€. TNF-Ξ± μ κ²½μ° DLcoμμ μ°κ΄μ±μ 보μλ€. λν MMP-7κ³Ό SP-Dλ μ μ°ν λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μμμ νλ³λ³μ λ±κΈ (grade) μ΄ λμμλ‘ μ¦κ°νλ κ²½ν₯μ 보μλ€. TNF-Ξ±, IL-6 λ μλ―Έμλ μ°κ΄μ±μ΄ νμΈλμ§ μμλ€.
κ²°λ‘ : κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ, κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν μ μ κ²½νμ¦ λ° νΉλ°μ± νμ¬μ μ¦μ ν λ³λ¦¬ κ²μ²΄μ λ©΄μμ‘°μ§νν μΌμμ IL-17A λ° ENO1 λ°νμμ ν΅κ³μ μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό λ³΄μ¬ μ£Όμ΄ κ·Έ μ§νμμμ μλ¬Όνμ μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό μμ¬νλ€. κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌ μ½νΈνΈμμ, MMP-7, SP-D λ° KL-6μ κ°μ ννλ λ° ννμ°λ₯κ²μ¬μ μμ μκ΄ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό κ°μ‘λ€. λν MMP-7 λ° SP-Dλ μ»΄ν¨ν° λ¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μ λ°μ λμ λ±κΈκ³Ό μκ΄ κ΄κ³κ° μμλ€. μ΄λ¬ν λ°μ΄μ€λ§μ»€λ κ°μ§μ± νμ§νμ λλ°ν λ₯λ§ν°μ€ κ΄μ μΌμμ ν μΉ¨λ²μ κΈ°λ₯μ λ° ν΄λΆνμ μνλ₯Ό νκ°νλλ° μ¬μ©λ μ μλ€.Introduction 1
Methods 4
Results 8
Discussion 19
References 22
Abstract in Korean 25Maste
2021 National Agendas and Future Strategies
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