Astragalus membranaceus와 Astragalus membranaceus var. alpinus와의 組織學的 比較

本 實驗을 通하여 下記의 事實을 알수있었다. 1. 黃耆와 濟州黃耆의 葉의 氣孔이 濟州黃耆는 兩面에 나타나는데 對하여 黃耆는 裏面에만 나타나는 差異와 黃耆의 表皮細胞의 波狀屈曲이 濟州黃耆의 波狀屈曲 보다 甚하고 氣孔의 크기와 한 field에 있어서의 氣孔의 數가 各各 다르다. 2. 葉에 있어서 黃耆와 濟州黃耆의 橫斷 두께의 差異가 甚하며 黃耆는 柵狀組織이 表面쪽에 規則的으로 配列되어 있고 Vein이 葉 뒷면에 突出되어 있는 反面에 濟州黃耆는 모든 組織이 不規則하며 表面 裏面에 細胞間隙이 發達되었다. 3. 莖에 있어서 濟州黃耆는 Cortex의 組織이 두껍고 모가 져 있는 곳에 3~4層의 fiber tissue가 뭉쳐있고 黃耆는 Cortex의 組織이 얇고 fiber tissue도 前者에 比하여 덜 發達하여 2~3層으로 나타난다. Pith에 있어서도 濟州黃耆는 꼭 차 있고 黃耆는 엉성하게 되어 있어 切片 만들 때 잘 부서진다. 4. 根에 있어서 濟州黃耆는 外部의 4~5層의 Cork가 있고 fiber tissue가 發達한데 對하여 黃耆는 8~9層의 Cork가 있고 fiber tissue가 조밀하지 않고 Pith도 不鮮明하다. 5. 第一 重要한 Pollen에 있어서 濟州黃耆는 작고 둥글며 黃耆는 廣?圓形으로 Size가 큰 꼴로 出現하는 点은 基本的인 差異라 아니할수 없다. 以上 黃耆와 濟州黃耆의 外形的인 큰 差異와 組織學的인 현저한 差異点을 發見할수 있어 濟州黃耆는 黃耆의 變種的이라고 보는 것 보다는 오히려 獨立種으로써 存在할수있다는 것이라고 보는 바이다. 따라서 이것의 學名을 Astragalus Hallasanensis(Nakai) Yong-No Lee로 改訂하고저 하는 바이다.目次 = 1 Ⅰ. 緖論 = 2 Ⅱ. 實驗材料 및 實驗方法 = 6 Ⅲ. 實驗結果 = 8 Ⅳ. 考察 및 結論 = 15 Ⅴ. 文獻 = 1

Pharmacognostical studies on Orchidaceae plants

In order to estimate accurate originality of the important crude drugs, Gastrodia, Dendrobium, Bletilla and Cremastra spp. were investigated comparing their morphological, anatomical and physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial, antifungal activities. The results of the studies as follows: 1. In morphological and anatomical studies, Korean Gastrodia contained more mucilage duct and symbiotic fungi than imported Gastrodia. Korean Dendrobium contained starch grains but without starch grains in the imported Dendrobium from China enclosed with thicken silicified wall. The corm of Cremasta appendiculata contained raphides of bundles with mucilage while the bulbs of Tulipa edulis contained several various starch grains form. 2. In physiological and TLC analysis, crude drugs in Orchidaceae contained common constituents with fluorescence and much mucilage. 3. The EtOH extracts of Gastrodia, Dendrobium, Bletilla, Cremastra showed antibacterial activities againt B. subtilis and E. coli (Dendrobium > Gastrodia > Bletilla > Cremastra). But, no antifungal activities against C. albicans, A. niger were observed

Pharmacognostical studies on alisma plants

In order to clarify the originality of several Alisma Rhizomes, we investigated the differences of their morphological, anatomical and physiochemical characteristics. Morphological observation shows the variability of Alisma shape and quality. The diversities in morphological shapes and qualities of tuber were observed among different origins. Chinese product looked like corm shape, but korean's irregular shape. The microscopic observation of korean Alisma revealed the presence of irregular vascular bundle which was scattered transversely and longitudinally, which was different from that of the rhizome. This fact suggest that the portion of crude drug in Alisma should be the corm rather than the rhizome. In the physicochemical differences, chinese Alisma contains larger amount of mineral elements such as K, Na and Ca than korean Alisma. On the contrary, protein contents in lyophilized powder of aqueous extracts in korean Alisma rhizome was significantly higher than chinese Alisma rhizome. The leaves and stems contained larger amount of Ca and Na than tuber, and may be used as the osmotic diuretics for chinese traditional medicine

Studies on pest insects of crude drugs

In order to estimate accurate quality of crude drugs in which pest was found during the storage, damaged 15 items were collected on current markets. We identified insect name by investigation of insect morphology, bug cluster, and morphology of damaged crude drugs. Three kind of pests were identified in the above 15 items as follows: A Pyralis sp. (Pyralidae) was observed in damaged Platycodi Radix. B: Anthreus verbasci (Anobiidae) was found out in damaged Angelicae gigantis Radix, and Dioscoreae Rhizoma. C: Stegobium paniceum (Anobiidae) was discovered in the 12 crude drugs as follows: Puerariae Radix, Angelicae koreanae Radix, Angelicae tenuissimae Radix, Codonopsis Radix, Ledebouriellae Radix, Ginseng Radix alba, Angelicae dahuricae Radix, Belamcandae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Fritillariae Bulbus

Antimicrobial and antifungal studies on Alismae Rhizoma

We previously reported the morphological, physiochemical characteristics of Alismae Rhizoma. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of 85% ethanol and water extracts of Alismae Rhizoma using disc method. Ethanol extracts of Korean Alismae Rhizoma showed antimicrobial activity on B. subtilis and S. aureus on the concentration dependent manner, whereas, Chinese Alismae Rhizoma revealed antimicrobial activity on E. coli and N. gonorrhoeae. The water solution (500 mg/ml) of each lyophilized powder of aqueous extracts didn't show any antimicrobial activity on B. subtilis, S. aureus and E. coli on the contrary, they stimulated cell growth slightly. Ethanol extracts of Korean samples showed antifungal activity on A. niger, but not on C. albicans. Neither A. niger nor C. albicans were affected by Chinese samples