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    ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์˜์กด๋„: ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ตญ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ตญ์ œํ•™๊ณผ(๊ตญ์ œํ†ต์ƒ์ „๊ณต), 2021.8. Rhee, YeongSeop.1990 ๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊นŠ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์–‘๊ตญ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ณต์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ต์—ญ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ตญ์ด ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ต์—ญ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ตญ์ด ํ•œ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ต์—ญ๊ตญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ 2004๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ‰ํ™”์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์™€ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–‘๊ตญ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์Ÿ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋„์ „์„ ๋๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹ ๋ฌธ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–‘์ธก์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋ฌด์—ญ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์–ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์  ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ํ–ฅ์ง€์ˆ˜ (CII)์™€ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์˜์กด๋„ (TD)๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด 1990 ๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋“œ, ๋ฏธ์ค‘ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ „์Ÿ ๋ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋ ค ํ•ด๋„ ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ ์–ด๋„ CII์™€ TD์—์„œ ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ค„์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ›„ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋ ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ์ถ•์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์™ธ์••์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค: 1) ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ธฐํšŒ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  2) ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค.As South Korea and China has deepened their economic relationship since 1990s, the economic relationship between the two countries also became closer. China, as the world manufacture factory, has many trade partners and trades for a variety of goods, while South Korea has a limited number of major trade partners. China, among South Koreaโ€™s major trade partners, made the biggest contribution to South Koreaโ€™s trade volumes since 2004. Because of the peaceful economic and political relationship during that period of time, South Korea rapidly increased its economic dependence on China. However, the continuous disputes happened between the two countries posed great challenge to the economic relationship between China and South Korea. This paper conduct research on the level of South Koreaโ€™s economic dependence on China, focusing on the technology industry. Considered the complex economic relationship between the two sides throughout decades, the paper first conducted a review of the historical trade background between South Korea and China and analyzed their trade activities in the technology sector. Then, Country Impact Index (CII) and Trade Dependence (TD) were used as two quantitative measures to gauge the level of South Koreaโ€™s economic dependence on China. The results shown that South Korea has greatly increased its economic dependence on China since 1990s. Additionally, even though South Korea tried to decrease its economic dependence on China after the breakout of THAAD and US- China trade war, the current outcomes can be hardly seen in reality. At least the quantitative results generated from CII and TD indicated that South Korea did not made obvious decrease its economic dependence on China. Then this paper also did qualitative hypothesis test on why specific measures of South Korea failed to achieve expected results. Here, both South Koreaโ€™s internal efforts to decrease its economic dependence on China and external pressure which might lead South Korea to reduce its trade with China were both discussed from various aspects. In conclusion, South Korea failed to reduce its economic dependence on China can be attributed to two major factors: 1) South Korean companies are still interested in new market opportunities in China; and 2) China wants to keep the trade relationship with South Korea for the technology sector.I. Introduction 1 II. Literature Review 4 2.1 Economic Dependence 5 2.2 Technology Industry of South Korea and China 6 2.3 Why Decreasing Economic Dependence is Important to Korea 14 III. Methodology 21 3.1 Country Impact Index (CII) 22 3.2 Trade Dependence (TD) 25 VI. Empirical Results - 28 4.1 Descriptive Data 28 4.2 Country Impact Index (CII) 33 4.3 Trade Dependence (TD) 39 V. Hypothesis Test 42 5.1 Internal Efforts 43 5.2 External Pressure 54 VI. Case Studies 65 6.1 Hyundai & Kia's Investment in China 65 6.2 Wise Road Capital's Buyout of Magnachip 68 VII. Conclusion 72 VIII. Bibliography 75์„
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