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ํ๊ตญ์ ์ค๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ ์์กด๋: ๊ธฐ์ ์ฐ์ ์ค์ฌ ๋ถ์
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต๋ํ์ : ๊ตญ์ ๋ํ์ ๊ตญ์ ํ๊ณผ(๊ตญ์ ํต์์ ๊ณต), 2021.8. Rhee, YeongSeop.1990 ๋
๋ ์ดํ ํ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค๊ตญ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ด๊ณ๊ฐ ๊น์ด์ง๋ฉด์ ์๊ตญ ๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ ๋์ฑ ๊ฐ๊น์์ก๋ค. ์ค๊ตญ์ ์ธ๊ณ ์ ์กฐ ๊ณต์ฅ์ผ๋ก์ ๊ต์ญ ์๋๊ตญ์ด ๋ง๊ณ ๋ค์ํ ์ํ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ํ๋ ๋ฐ๋ฉด, ํ๊ตญ์ ์ฃผ์ ๊ต์ญ ์๋๊ตญ์ด ํ์ ๋์ด ์๋ค. ํ๊ตญ์ ์ฃผ์ ๊ต์ญ๊ตญ ์ค ํ๋์ธ ์ค๊ตญ์ 2004๋
์ดํ ํ๊ตญ์ ๋ฌด์ญ๋์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋์ ํํ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์ ์น์ ๊ด๊ณ ๋๋ฌธ์, ํ๊ตญ์ ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฆ๊ฐ์์ผฐ๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ๊ณ์๋๋ ๋ถ์์ ์ค๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ๊ตญ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ด๊ณ์ ์ปค๋ค๋ ๋์ ์ ๋๋ค. ๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ํ๊ตญ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ฌํ๋ค. ์ด ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์์ญ ๋
๋์ ์์ธก์ ๋ณต์กํ ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ๋ฉด์ ํ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค๊ตญ์ ์ญ์ฌ์ ๋ฌด์ญ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ํ ์์ธํ ๊ฒํ ๋ฅผ ์ค์ํ๋ค. ์ด์ด ํ๊ตญ์ ๋์ค๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ ํ๋ ์์ ์ฒ๋๋ก ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ํฅ์ง์ (CII)์ ๋ฌด์ญ ์์กด๋ (TD)๊ฐ ํ์ฉ๋๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ํ๊ตญ์ด 1990 ๋
๋ ์ดํ ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒ ์ฆ๊ฐ์์ผฐ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ์๋ค. ๋ ์ฌ๋, ๋ฏธ์ค ๋ฌด์ญ์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ฐ ์ดํ ํ๊ตญ์ด ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์ถ๋ ค ํด๋ ํ์ค์์๋ ์ด๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค. ์ ์ด๋ CII์ TD์์ ๋์ถ๋ ์ ๋์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ํ๊ตญ์ด ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ช
ํ ์ค์ด์ง ์์๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ์๋ค. ๊ทธ ํ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ํ๊ตญ์ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์กฐ์น๊ฐ ์ ๊ธฐ๋ํ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋์ง ๋ชปํ๋์ง์ ๋ํ ์ง์ ๋ถ์์ ์ค์ํ๋ค. ์ฌ๊ธฐ์ ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์ถ๋ ค๋ ํ๊ตญ์ ๋ด๋ถ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋์ค๊ตญ ๋ฌด์ญ์ ์ถ์ํ ์ ์๋ ์ธ์์ด ๋ชจ๋ ๋ค์ํ ์ธก๋ฉด์์ ๋
ผ์๋์๋ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์ผ๋ก, ํ๊ตญ์ด ์ค๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์์กด๋๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์ถ์ง ๋ชปํ ๊ฒ์ ๋ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฃผ์ ์์ธ์ผ๋ก ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค: 1) ํ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ ์ฌ์ ํ ์ค๊ตญ์ ์๋ก์ด ์์ฅ ๊ธฐํ์ ๊ด์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ์๊ณ 2) ์ค๊ตญ์ ๊ธฐ์ ๋ถ์ผ๋ฅผ ์ํด ํ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์ญ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ๋ค.As South Korea and China has deepened their economic relationship since 1990s, the economic relationship between the two countries also became closer. China, as the world manufacture factory, has many trade partners and trades for a variety of goods, while South Korea has a limited number of major trade partners. China, among South Koreaโs major trade partners, made the biggest contribution to South Koreaโs trade volumes since 2004. Because of the peaceful economic and political relationship during that period of time, South Korea rapidly increased its economic dependence on China. However, the continuous disputes happened between the two countries posed great challenge to the economic relationship between China and South Korea. This paper conduct research on the level of South Koreaโs economic dependence on China, focusing on the technology industry. Considered the complex economic relationship between the two sides throughout decades, the paper first conducted a review of the historical trade background between South Korea and China and analyzed their trade activities in the technology sector. Then, Country Impact Index (CII) and Trade Dependence (TD) were used as two quantitative measures to gauge the level of South Koreaโs economic dependence on China. The results shown that South Korea has greatly increased its economic dependence on China since 1990s. Additionally, even though South Korea tried to decrease its economic dependence on China after the breakout of THAAD and US- China trade war, the current outcomes can be hardly seen in reality. At least the quantitative results generated from CII and TD indicated that South Korea did not made obvious decrease its economic dependence on China. Then this paper also did qualitative hypothesis test on why specific measures of South Korea failed to achieve expected results. Here, both South Koreaโs internal efforts to decrease its economic dependence on China and external pressure which might lead South Korea to reduce its trade with China were both discussed from various aspects. In conclusion, South Korea failed to reduce its economic dependence on China can be attributed to two major factors: 1) South Korean companies are still interested in new market opportunities in China; and 2) China wants to keep the trade relationship with South Korea for the technology sector.I. Introduction 1
II. Literature Review 4
2.1 Economic Dependence 5
2.2 Technology Industry of South Korea and China 6
2.3 Why Decreasing Economic Dependence is Important to Korea 14
III. Methodology 21
3.1 Country Impact Index (CII) 22
3.2 Trade Dependence (TD) 25
VI. Empirical Results - 28
4.1 Descriptive Data 28
4.2 Country Impact Index (CII) 33
4.3 Trade Dependence (TD) 39
V. Hypothesis Test 42
5.1 Internal Efforts 43
5.2 External Pressure 54
VI. Case Studies 65
6.1 Hyundai & Kia's Investment in China 65
6.2 Wise Road Capital's Buyout of Magnachip 68
VII. Conclusion 72
VIII. Bibliography 75์