19 research outputs found

    ๋ถˆ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํšŒ์ „ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์ง„๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ•™์Šต๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

    Get PDF
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2020. 2. ์œค๋ณ‘๋™.Deep Learning is a promising approach for fault diagnosis in mechanical applications. Deep learning techniques are capable of processing lots of data in once, and modelling them into desired diagnostic model. In industrial fields, however, we can acquire tons of data but barely useful including fault or failure data because failure in industrial fields is usually unacceptable. To cope with this insufficient fault data problem to train diagnostic model for rotating machinery, this thesis proposes three research thrusts: 1) filter-envelope blocks in convolution neural networks (CNNs) to incorporate the preprocessing steps for vibration signal; frequency filtering and envelope extraction for more optimal solution and reduced efforts in building diagnostic model, 2) cepstrum editing based data augmentation (CEDA) for diagnostic dataset consist of vibration signals from rotating machinery, and 3) selective parameter freezing (SPF) for efficient parameter transfer in transfer learning. The first research thrust proposes noble types of functional blocks for neural networks in order to learn robust feature to the vibration data. Conventional neural networks including convolution neural network (CNN), is tend to learn biased features when the training data is acquired from small cases of conditions. This can leads to unfavorable performance to the different conditions or other similar equipment. Therefore this research propose two neural network blocks which can be incorporated to the conventional neural networks and minimize the preprocessing steps, filter block and envelope block. Each block is designed to learn frequency filter and envelope extraction function respectively, in order to induce the neural network to learn more robust and generalized features from limited vibration samples. The second thrust presents a new data augmentation technique specialized for diagnostic data of vibration signals. Many data augmentation techniques exist for image data with no consideration for properties of vibration data. Conventional techniques for data augmentation, such as flipping, rotating, or shearing are not proper for 1-d vibration data can harm the natural property of vibration signal. To augment vibration data without losing the properties of its physics, the proposed method generate new samples by editing the cepstrum which can be done by adjusting the cepstrum component of interest. By doing reverse transform to the edited cepstrum, the new samples is obtained and this results augmented dataset which leads to higher accuracy for the diagnostic model. The third research thrust suggests a new parameter repurposing method for parameter transfer, which is used for transfer learning. The proposed SPF selectively freezes transferred parameters from source network and re-train only unnecessary parameters for target domain to reduce overfitting and preserve useful source features when the target data is limited to train diagnostic model.๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์‘์šฉ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ๋งํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํšŒ์ „ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹์„ ํ•™์Šต์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์žฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 3 ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. 1) ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ง„๋™ ํŠน์ง• ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•„ํ„ฐ-์—”๋ฒจ๋กญ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ 2) ์ง„๋™๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ Cepstrum ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฆ๋Ÿ‰๋ฒ•3) ์ „์ด ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ „์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์  ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋™๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๊ฑดํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ธ”๋ก๋“ค์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณฑ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ž˜์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์€ ํ•™์Šต ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŽธํ–ฅ๋œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง„๋‹จ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•„ํ„ฐ ๋ธ”๋ก ๋ฐ ์—”๋ฒจ๋กญ ๋ธ”๋ก์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋ธ”๋ก์€ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ํ•„ํ„ฐ์™€ ์—”๋ฒจ๋กญ ์ถ”์ถœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์ด ์ œํ•œ๋œ ํ•™์Šต ์ง„๋™๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ•๊ฑดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™” ๋œ ํŠน์ง•์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋™ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ํŠนํ™”๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฆ๋Ÿ‰๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋’ค์ง‘๊ธฐ, ํšŒ์ „ ๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ™•๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด 1 ์ฐจ์› ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง„๋™ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง„๋™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๋Ÿ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ cepstrum์˜ ์ฃผ์š”์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ญ cepstrum์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฆ๋Ÿ‰๋ค ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋ธ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ „์ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ „์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์žฌํ•™์Šต๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์„ ํƒ์  ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋™๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์†Œ์Šค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ ์ „์ด๋œ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋งŒ ์žฌํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์žฌํ•™์Šต๋  ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ณผ์ ํ•ฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์†Œ์Šค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ์„ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง„๋‹จ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ณ ์žฅ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.Chapter 1 Introduction 13 1.1 Motivation 13 1.2 Research Scope and Overview 15 1.3 Structure of the Thesis 19 Chapter 2 Literature Review 20 2.1 Deep Neural Networks 20 2.2 Transfer Learning and Parameter Transfer 23 Chapter 3 Description of Testbed Data 26 3.1 Bearing Data I: Case Western Reserve University Data 26 3.2 Bearing Data II: Accelerated Life Test Test-bed 27 Chapter 4 Filter-Envelope Blocks in Neural Network for Robust Feature Learning 32 4.1 Preliminary Study of Problems In Use of CNN for Vibration Signals 34 4.1.1 Class Confusion Problem of CNN Model to Different Conditions 34 4.1.2 Benefits of Frequency Filtering and Envelope Extraction for Fault Diagnosis in Vibration Signals 37 4.2 Proposed Network Block 1: Filter Block 41 4.2.1 Spectral Feature Learning in Neural Network 42 4.2.2 FIR Band-pass Filter in Neural Network 45 4.2.3 Result and Discussion 48 4.3 Proposed Neural Block 2: Envelope Block 48 4.3.1 Max-Average Pooling Block for Envelope Extraction 51 4.3.2 Adaptive Average Pooling for Learnable Envelope Extractor 52 4.3.3 Result and Discussion 54 4.4 Filter-Envelope Network for Fault Diagnosis 56 4.4.1 Combinations of Filter-Envelope Blocks for the use of Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis 56 4.4.2 Summary and Discussion 58 Chapter 5 Cepstrum Editing Based Data Augmentation for Vibration Signals 59 5.1 Brief Review of Data Augmentation for Deep Learning 59 5.1.1 Image Augmentation to Enlarge Training Dataset 59 5.1.2 Data Augmentation for Vibration Signal 61 5.2 Cepstrum Editing based Data Augmentation 62 5.2.1 Cepstrum Editing as a Signal Preprocessing 62 5.2.2 Cepstrum Editing based Data Augmentation 64 5.3 Results and Discussion 65 5.3.1 Performance validation to rolling element bearing diagnosis 65 Chapter 6 Selective Parameter Freezing for Parameter Transfer with Small Dataset 71 6.1 Overall Procedure of Selective Parameter Freezing 72 6.2 Determination Sensitivity of Source Network Parameters 75 6.3 Case Study 1: Transfer to Different Fault Size 76 6.3.1 Performance by hyperparameter ฮฑ 77 6.3.2 Effect of the number of training samples and network size 79 6.4 Case Study 2: Transfer from Artificial to Natural Fault 81 6.4.1 Diagnostic performance for proposed method 82 6.4.2 Visualization of frozen parameters by hyperparameter ฮฑ 83 6.4.3 Visual inspection of feature space 85 6.5 Conclusion 87 Chapter 7 91 7.1 Contributions and Significance 91Docto

    Corporate Excess Cash Holdings and Shareholder Value

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 2. ๊ณ ๋ด‰์ฐฌ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2000๋…„~2012๋…„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ƒ์žฅ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ  ๊ฒฐ์ • ์š”์ธ ๋ฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์น˜์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ฆ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ๊ธฐ์ €ํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ๋ชจ๋ธ(Baseline cash holding model) ์ถ”์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์—…๋ณ„ ์ ์ • ๋ณด์œ ํ˜„๊ธˆ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ธฐ์ €ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๋ชจ๋ธ ํŒจ๋„๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‹œ์žฅยท์žฅ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์น˜๋น„์œจ (MTB) ๋ฐ ์˜์—…ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„ ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์€ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์–‘(+)์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ, ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ๋น„์œจ ๋ฐ ์ˆœ์šด์ „์ž๋ณธ ๋“ฑ์€ ์Œ(-)์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ƒ์žฅ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋น„์šฉํŽธ์ต๋ชจ๋ธ(Trade-off model)๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋น„๊ต๊ธฐ์—…(Control firm)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ 1๋…„~3๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ (Buy and Hold Return) ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ์ฐจ์ด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ด์ƒ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ 2๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์  ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ  ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ(TRANS)์˜ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์€ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ(NON) ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ 3๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ (PERS)์˜ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์€ NON๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ์‹œ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋Š” TRANS ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก NON๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ์‹œ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ , ์ฆ‰ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŠน์ˆ˜์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•  ์‹œ, ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ง€์†์  ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”, ๋น„๋ก ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ธ ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์  ์ธก๋ฉด๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‚ด์™ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ •์  ๊ฒฝ์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋น„์  ๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์  ์‹œ๊ทธ๋„๋กœ๋„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ์„ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๋Š” TRANS๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ์ด NON๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ ๋ณด์œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•„ ์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ผ์‹œ์  ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜์—… ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜์—…์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‚ด์™ธ์  ๋ถ€์ •์  ์š”์ธ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์  ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ ๋ณด์œ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ์˜ ์˜์—…ํ˜„๊ธˆํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ, ์ฆ‰ PERS ๋ฐ NON๊ธฐ์—…๊ตฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€๋„ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  2. ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 3. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก  3.1 ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ 3.2 ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฐ์ • ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.2.1 ๊ธฐ์ €ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ  ํŠน์„ฑ 3.2.2 ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ฃผ์ฃผ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ๋ถ„์„ 4. ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 4.1 ์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„ ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ 4.2 ๊ธฐ์ €ํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ถ”์ • ๋ฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ˜„๊ธˆ๋ณด์œ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 4.3 ๋งค์ˆ˜ํ›„๋ณด์œ  ์ฃผ์ฃผ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ  ๋ถ„์„ 5. ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ AbstractMaste

    Holistic Moral Education Based on Care Ethics

    No full text

    Mesh Free Method ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ Resin Trasfer Molding Process ํ•ด์„

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2004.Maste
    corecore