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    The Problems of Teaching World History in the High School and the Seeking for Improvement of Description of World History Textbook

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    ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌํ•™๊ณผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก์˜ ์†Œํ†ต๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์ œ58ํšŒ ์ „๊ตญ์—ญ์‚ฌํ•™๋Œ€ํšŒ(2015๋…„ 10์›” 30-31์ผ, ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต)์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ—˜๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰(2015๋…„ 10์›” 31์ผ)์„ ์ˆ˜์ •๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„.๋ณธ๊ณ ์—์„œ ํ•„์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณธ๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์กดํ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์›์ธ์„ ์„ ํƒํ˜• ๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ ๊ต์œก์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๋‹จ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ด€์ ์— ์ฐฉ์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ด๋•Œ ์œ ์˜ํ•  ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.This paper covers the problems of teaching world history in high school and searching for a solution. As a result, I found the reason of this problems as the selective subject system and the world history textbooks. My main motivation for writing this paper is to make world history understandable to many students. From this perspective, I reviewed what we need is not only constructing the world history curriculum and paying attention to cautions

    ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋กœ๋งˆ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ •์ฑ… ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ๊ตญ ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ ๋ก ๋ณธ๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”„๋ก ํ‹ฐ๋ˆ„์Šค(Sextus Julius Frontinus)์˜ ใ€Ž๋„์‹œ ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋ก ใ€(De Aquis Urbis Romae)์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋กœ๋งˆ์— ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„(aqueduct)๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 312๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ •๋น„๋œ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 9๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ทจํ•ด์ง„ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์น˜์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋“ฑ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ •์น˜์ ใ†๋ฒ•์  ์กฐ์น˜๋“ค์ด ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์น˜์ฒด์ œ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •, ํŠนํžˆ ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ(Principatus)์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ์žฅ์น˜์˜€์Œ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 312๋…„์— ์•„ํ”ผ์šฐ์Šค(Claudius Caecus Appius)๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์—๋Š” ์ผ๋Œ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ•„์ž๋Š” ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 4์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง์— ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹์ˆ˜์˜ ํšจ์œจ์  ํ™•๋ณด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณตํ•™์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ •์น˜ใ†๊ฒฝ์ œใ†์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์— ์ฃผ๋œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ฌธ์ œ, ํ•ด์™ธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ ์ž…๋œ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์•ผ๊ธฐ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฌธ์ œ, ๊ท€์กฑ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ •์น˜๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์‹ค๊ถŒ์„ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ท€์กฑ ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ธต์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋ฐ ์ •๋น„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋„๊ถŒ์„ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค ์ •๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ท€์กฑ ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์น˜์—ดํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋ผ์ฟ ์Šค ๊ฐœํ˜๊ธฐ ์ „ํ›„์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ•„์š”๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์˜๋„์™€๋„ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 27๋…„ ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ๊ณตํ™”์ •๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ็š‡ๅฎถ(์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค, ์•„๊ทธ๋ฆฌํŒŒ)๊ฐ€ ๋…์ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ™”์ •์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ผ‘์Šค๊ธ‰ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ธˆ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋”ธ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ณต์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ๋งŒํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ถŒ์œ„๋‚˜ ์œ„์ƒ๋„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋…์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋…์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž๋Š” ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค์˜ ์‚ฌ์œ„์ด์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜€๋˜ ์•„๊ทธ๋ฆฌํŒŒ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „๋žต์  ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์‹คํžˆ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ „์— ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ •์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋น„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 12๋…„ ์•„๊ทธ๋ฆฌํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์ž ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ„ธ์–ด ๋ˆ„์ˆ˜, ๊ท ์—ด ๋ฐ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋กœ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ณต์›ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 11๋…„ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ 6๊ฐœ์˜ ์›๋กœ์› ์˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 9๋…„ ํ€ธํ‹ฐ์šฐ์Šค(Titus Quinctius Crispinus) ๋ฒ• ์ œ์ •์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜์‹ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ด€(curator aquarum) ์ง์˜ ์‹ ์„ค๊ณผ ์šด์˜์€ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์„ค๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์šด์šฉ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ด๋ณดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์  ํ† ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ฝ˜์†”๊ธ‰ ์›๋กœ์›์˜์›๋“ค์ค‘์—์„œ ํ–‰์ •๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‹ค๋ฌด๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์ด ํƒ์›ํ•œ ์ž๋“ค์„ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ž„๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ จ ํ–‰์ •, ์žฌ์ •, ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ ์ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์„ ํ†ต์†”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ด๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งก์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ด€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด๋ช…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์‹ค์ƒ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋Œ€๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ์‹ ์„ค๊ณผ ๋ณต์›์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ 100๋งŒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ ๋กœ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์›ํ•œ ์˜๊ด‘์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํ›„์ž„ ํ™ฉ์ œ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ดํ›„ ์„œ์–‘๊ณ ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ค‘์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋Š” ๋กœ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํƒฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์ด์ž ๋กœ๋งˆ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์ƒ์ง•๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ •์น˜๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ ์†์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์ •์น˜์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰์ฒด๊ณ„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์  ํŠน์ง•์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ณตํ•™์  ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์‹ค์ฒด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋กœ๋งˆ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ •์น˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์šด์˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๋กœ๋งˆ ์ •์น˜ ๋ฐ ์ •์น˜ ์„ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š”์–ด : ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„, ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์ •์ฑ…, ํ”„๋ก ํ‹ฐ๋ˆ„์Šค, ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ด€, ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 11๋…„ ์›๋กœ์› ์˜๊ฒฐ, ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 9๋…„ ํ€ธํ‹ฐ์šฐ์Šค ๋ฒ•. ํ•™ ๋ฒˆ : 2003-30452Abstract A Study on the Policy of Roman Water Supply during the Beginning of Principate Kim, Chil Sung Department of History Education The Graduate School Seoul National University In this study, the water supply policy and related political changes were closely examined from Romes first establishment of aqueducts in 312 BC to restoration of the water supply system in 9 BC by analyzing De Aquis Urbis Romae by Sextus Julius Frontinus. By doing so, this study is aimed to demonstrate that the renovation of the water policy contributed to the political stability, particularly after the Principatus system. In 312 BC, radical transformations occurred in the Romes water supply policy when Claudius Caecus Appius initiated the first large-scale waterworks construction in history. I proved that the attempts to address the water supply issue through the worlds first water system in Rome at the end of the 4th century BC were not only driven by the basic needs for edible water, but also by multiple factors such as politics, economics and society. Specifically, the policy was implemented in the midst of the growing urban population, tremendous inflows of goods from overseas, political conflicts among the novelty. It was confirmed that the ruling classes who actually governed the city at the time tried to obtain the leadership over the water issue in order to strengthen their status and power. This also explains why the constructions of the water facilities were especially active around the Gracchus reforms, when the competitions within the upper classes were fierce. The waterworks construction during the Principate period, in particular, was implemented mainly in the early stage, which bears both of the economic and political intentions. Unlike the republic period, the water establishment was dominated by the royal family (Augustus, Agrippa) after 27 BC. The majority of the princeps-level power figures who led the republic had low capital power, and was not given the opportunities to control the large-scale constructions. Augustus intended to complete the huge water facility constructions successfully as a way of earn the support from citizens. The person who actually conducted the policy during the beginning of Principatus was Agrippa, the son-in-law/friend of Augustus. He was excellent at carrying out the Augustus political intentions by repairing the three previous installed waterways, as well as systematically renewing the water supply administration for the first time in Rome. When Agrippa died in 12 BC, Augustus spent his private resources on restoring the existing facilities that had been outdated due to leaks, cracks and damage. Also he advocated more fundamental water supply administration initiatives with the Decrees of the Senate on Rome's Water Supply 11 BC and the Quinctian Law on Aqueducts 9 BC. One of the examples to show his commitment to the professional and continuing water system was that he created curator aquarum, water commissioner devoted to the supply issue. Curator aquarum, who Augustus appointed from the pool of his consul-level senators with excellent administrative ability as well as field experience, were in charge of managing professional aqueduct-related personnel on administration, finance and technology and overseeing the stable maintenance of the policy. In this study the functions and responsibilities of curator aquarum were clarified in order to clearly understand the water policy during the beginning of the Principatus. Through the new construction and restoration of the sprawling water system, Augustus was able to turn the one million-populated metropolitan into a colossal city with eternal glory. His policy served as a model for those of his successors, and it has been influential throughout the ancient and medieval times and up to the present. Romes water supply system has become the architecture that maintains the city, as well as one of the most symbolic objects of the Rome culture. This study explores the water supply policy in Rome from the context of changes in political power in order to understand the relations between the politics and the water supply. There might be some limitations that the lack of engineering knowledge failed to closely dissect the construction and repairs of the facilities. However, the examination of the water supply policy and its operation during the most important political period in Rome history can help show the characteristics and political indications of the time. Key Words : Roman Aqueduct, Roman's Water Supply, Frontinus, Principate(Principatus), Decrees of the Senate on Roman's Water Supply 11 BC, Quinctian Law on Aqueducts 9 BC Student Number : 2003-30452โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1_x000D_ _x000D_ โ…ก. ๊ณตํ™”์ •๊ธฐ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค 7_x000D_ 1. ๊ณตํ™”์ •๊ธฐ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 9_x000D_ 2. ๊ณตํ™”์ • ์ „๊ธฐ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค์˜ ๆงชๆณ 23_x000D_ 3. ๊ณตํ™”์ • ํ›„๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์น˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ 34_x000D_ _x000D_ โ…ข. ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค 50_x000D_ 1. ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์ œ 51_x000D_ 2. ํ”„๋ฆฐํ‚คํŒŒํˆฌ์Šค ์ฒด์ œ ํ•˜์˜ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ 78_x000D_ _x000D_ โ…ฃ. ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํˆฌ์Šค์˜ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ฒด์ œ์ •๋น„ - ๊ธฐ์›์ „11๋…„ - 9๋…„์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ 106_x000D_ 1. ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ์กฐ์น˜ 108_x000D_ 2. ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ด€์ง ์‹ ์„ค๊ณผ ์šด์šฉ 131_x000D_ _x000D_ โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  147_x000D_ _x000D_ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 152_x000D_ _x000D_ Abstract 165Docto
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