Production and Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-γδ T Cells

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has been successful in clinics, but complications and side-effects hamper wide application. Gamma delta (γδ) T cells can recognize antigens without MHC restriction, reduceing the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Thus, I set up the experiments to characterize expanded γδ T cells and produce CAR-γδ T cells. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers. Cell surface markers of γδ T cells were characterized using flow cytometry. γδ T cells were cultured for 2 weeks in three different conditions. Lentiviral vector expressing CD19-CAR (FMC63-CD8 hinge) was transduced at day 10 in culture. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD) and Annexin Ⅴ (AV) in OCI-Ly7 cells, a human B cell lymphoma cell line. NSG mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with SU- DHL6 cells labeled with Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) followed by injection of CD19-CAR-transduced γδ T cells. After 48 hours, the peritoneal lavage was harvested and analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate in vivo efficacy. Results: Vδ1 γδ T cells were expanded in the presence of IL-2+IL-15, while Vδ2 γδ T significantly proliferated in the presence of IL-2+ZOL+IL-15. γδ T cells expressed the activating receptors (NKG2D, CD16, and DNAM-1), cell death receptors (TRAIL and FasL) and, immune checkpoint receptors (PD-1 and BTLA) molecules sustainably. CAR-γδ T cells exhibited higher cytotoxicity than that of γδ T cells without CAR in vitro. Mice injected with ex vivo expanded CAR- γδ T cells showed lower numbers of SU-DHL6 cells than mice injected with γδ T cells without CAR. Conclusion: This study shows ex vivo expanded γδ T cells expressed cell surface markers robustly, and γδ T cells transduced with CAR exhibited advanced tumor cell killing ability in vitro and in vivo.Maste

Development of Quadrupedal Robot Mimicking the Motion of Snake

Snake robots are slower than wheeled robots or legged robots, while they have an excellent terrainability in a disastrous area. Considering their advantages and disadvantages, a legged robot whose legs are snake robots, ‘Quadnake’ was proposed in this research. Five motions of the snake were analyzed. Applying these motions, Quadnake could implement eight kinds of motions which snake robots and quadruped walking robots can implement. As a result of it, Quadnake can have the advantages of both a snake robot and a walking robot. It is expected to move stably in a harsh terrain with snake’s motion and move fast with walking.2

MULTI JOINT ROBOT

본 발명의 일 실시예는, 몸체부, 상기 몸체부에 연결되고, 제1 관절축을 갖는 제1 관절유닛과 상기 제1 관절축에 수직한 제2 관절축을 갖는 제2 관절유닛을 구비하는 다리부 및 상기 다리부에 비등방성(anisotropic)의 마찰력을 제공하는 마찰패드부를 포함하는, 다관절 로봇을 제공한다