129 research outputs found
Kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬ νΉμ΄μ μΉΌμ νμ±κ³Ό GnRH λ§₯λ λ°μ§κΈ°μ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μμ°κ³Όνλν νλκ³Όμ λκ³Όνμ 곡,2019. 8. λ°λμ.λ§₯λμ μΌλ‘ λΆλΉλλ μμνλΆμ μ±μ μκ·ΉνΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ λΆλΉνΈλ₯΄λͺ¬(gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH)μ λ°μκ³Ό μμ λ°λ¬μ κ΄μ₯νλ λ° μ€μν μΈμμ΄λ€. λν μμνλΆ λ΄ κΆμν΅(arcuate nucleus, ARN)μ kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬λ ν¬μ λ₯ μμ μ‘°μ μ μ΅μ’
κ³΅ν΅ κ²½λ‘μΈ GnRH μ κ²½μΈν¬λ₯Ό μ‘°μ νλ μ€μν κ΅¬μ± μμλ‘ μλ €μ Έ μλ€. 40μ¬λ
μ μ κ²½λ΄λΆλΉνμ μμ΄λ₯Ό μ΄μλ GnRHμ λ°κ²¬ μ΄νλ‘ λ§μ μ°κ΅¬κ° μ§νλμμ§λ§, GnRH λ§₯λ λ°μ§κΈ°μ μλ κΈ°μ μ μ¬μ ν λ°νμ§μ§ μμλ€. νΉν GnRHμ μμ μ‘°μ μλ‘ μλ €μ§ ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬κ° μ체μ μΌλ‘ λ§₯λμ λ°μμν¬ μ μλμ§, λ¨μν μ κ²½ μ 보λ₯Ό μ λ¬νλ κ²μΈμ§, λ± μμΈν κΈ°μμ μμ§ μμ ν λ°νμ§μ§ μκ³ μλ€. λ°λΌμ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬μ λ΄μ¬μ μΈ λ¦¬λ¬κ³Ό, κ·Έμ μ κ²½ μ‘°μ μ μ°κ΅¬νκ³ μ νμλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό μν΄ Kiss1-IRES-Cre μμ₯μ λλ μ νΈ λ°°μμ μ μ μ μ¬μ‘°ν© μΉΌμ μΌμλ₯Ό λ°νμν€κ³ , μ€μκ° νκ΄ λ° μΈκ΄ μ΄λ―Έμ§ μ₯λΉλ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμ¬ ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬λ‘λΆν° μΉΌμ μνμ κ΄μ°°νμλ€. λν μ κ²½ μ‘°μ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό μν΄ μ½λ¦¬νμ μ κ·Όλ²μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ μ΄μ¨ μ±λ μ°¨λ¨μ , ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬λ‘λΆν° λ°©μΆλλ μ κ²½ν©νμ΄λμ μμ©μ , κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ NMDA λ° GABA μμ©μ²΄ μ΅μ μ λ₯Ό μ²λ¦¬νλ©° κ·Έ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. νΉν, kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬ νΉμ΄μ μΌλ‘ νμ±μ μ‘°μ νκΈ° μν΄ ννμ μ ν(DREADD) μμ€ν
μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬κ΅°μ μΉΌμ μ§λ λ°μμ λν κΈ°μ¬λλ₯Ό κ΄μ°°νμλ€. λμΌλ‘, GnRH νλ‘λͺ¨ν°μ μν΄ μΈκ΄ 리ν¬ν°λ₯Ό λ°ννλ μμ₯μ λλ μ νΈ λ°°μμ μ¬μ©νμ¬ GnRH λ§₯λ λ°μ§κΈ°μμ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬λ λλ μ νΈ λ°°μμμ μ½ 3λΆ μ£ΌκΈ°μ μμΌμ£ΌκΈ° 리λ¬μΌλ‘ κ°λ ₯νκ³ λκΈ°νλ μΉΌμ μ§λμ λνλλ€. Kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬ νΉμ΄μ μΌλ‘ κ΄μ°°λ μΉΌμ μ§λμ νλ μ μμ μν΄ λ§€κ°λλ μλ
μ€ μ λ¬μ μμ‘΄μ μ΄μκ³ , ARN kisspeitn μ κ²½μΈν¬μμ μκ° λΆλΉλλ μ κ²½ν©νμ΄λμ μν΄ μ΄λ μ λ μν₯μ λ°μμΌλ©°, NMDA λ° GABA μμ©μ²΄μ μν΄ λ§€κ°λλ μ κ²½ μ λ¬μ μ‘°μ μ λ°μλ€. Kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ λλ μ νΈκ³Ό GnRH μ κ²½μΈν¬λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ λλ μ νΈμ ν©λ λ°°μμμ μΈλΆ kisspeptin μ²λ¦¬μ μν΄ GnRH μ μ μ λ°νμ΄ λκΈ°ν λμμΌλ©°, kisspeptin μμ©μ²΄ μ΅μ μ μ²λ¦¬μ μν΄ GnRH μ μ μ λ°νμ΄ λΆλΆμ μΌλ‘ κ°μνμλ€. κ²°λ‘ μ μΌλ‘, λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ ARN kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬κ° μ체 μΈμμ λκΈ°νλκ³ μ체μ μΌλ‘ μ μ§λλ μΉΌμ μ§λμ μμ±ν μ μμμ μ§μ μ μΌλ‘ κ·λͺ
νμλ€. νΉν μ΄λ¬ν μΉΌμ μ§λμ΄ kisspeptin μ κ²½μΈν¬ μ체λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νμ¬, ARN μμ λ΄μ μ¬λ¬ μμΈμ μν΄ μ‘°μ λ°λλ€λ μ¬μ€μ νμΈνμλ€. μμΈλ¬, kisspeptinμ ν΅ν μ κ²½ μ λ¬μ΄ GnRH μ κ²½μΈν¬ μ μ¬ μ‘°μ μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ©°, λ§₯λ λ°μ§κΈ°μ κΈ°μ¬νκ³ μμμ μ μνλ€.Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is crucial for initiating and maintaining development and reproduction. Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARN) appear to be essential components that control GnRH neurons, the final common pathway for central regulation of mammalian reproduction. Since the discovery of GnRH 40 years ago, considerable amount of studies on the GnRH pulse has been conducted in the field of neuroendocrinology. However, the underlying mechanisms of the GnRH pulse generator and the contribution of kisspeptin neurons are still not fully understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine whether ARN kisspeptin neurons can generate pulsatility. To address this, I examined the endogenous rhythmicity of ARN kisspeptin neurons and its neural regulation. Calcium dynamics from the population of individual ARN kisspeptin neurons was monitored from neonatal organotypic slice cultures of Kiss1-IRES-Cre mice transduced with genetically encoded calcium indicators, by using a real-time imaging device. Pharmacological approaches were employed to examine the effects of voltage-gated ion channel blockers, neuropeptides released from ARN kisspeptin neurons, and NMDA and GABA receptor-mediated neurotransmission inhibition. Chemogenetic approach to manipulate kisspeptin neuron-specific activity was also utilized to assess the contribution of ARN kisspeptin neurons on the population dynamics. Lastly, the relation with the GnRH pulse generator was examined using organotypic slice cultures of GnRH promoter-driven luciferase-expressing mice. ARN kisspeptin neurons exhibited a robust and synchronized calcium oscillation ex vivo, in an ultradian cycle with a period of approximately 3 min, in contrast to the irregular and desynchronized oscillations in pan-neuronal populations. Kisspeptin neuron-specific calcium oscillations were dependent on action potential-mediated synaptic transmission, marginally influenced by autocrine actions of the neuropeptides, and regulated by NMDA and GABA receptor-mediated neurotransmission. In the organotypic co-culture containing brain slices with kisspeptin and GnRH neurons, GnRH gene expression, which could be induced with exogenous kisspeptin application, was partly diminished by pharmacological blockade of kisspeptin receptor signaling. The present study demonstrated that ARN kisspeptin neurons are capable of generating synchronized and self-sustained calcium oscillation ex vivo. These calcium oscillation was regulated by multiple factors within the ARN region, including the kisspeptin neurons themselves. Moreover, the present study suggests that kisspeptin signaling have a certain role in maintaining basal GnRH gene transcription, and contributes to the GnRH pulse generator.Background and Purpose 1
Background 2
1. Biological rhythms 2
2. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator 10
3. Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus 16
Purpose 24
Synchronized calcium oscillation in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus kisspeptin neurons ex vivo and the GnRH pulse generator 25
Introduction 26
Materials and Methods 29
Results 35
Discussion 97
References 105
Abstract in Korean 119
Acknowledgement 121Docto
ν΄λ¦¬μνΈλ κ³Ό κ΄μ ν νλ¦ νμμ μ¬λ°°ν λ°°μΆ λ° μμΆμ μμ₯, νν λ° κ΄ν©μ± νμ±
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅λνμ : λμ
μλͺ
κ³Όνλν λλ¦Όμλ¬ΌμμνλΆ, 2021.8. κΉλμ°.The intensity and spectrum of light affect the growth and morphology of vegetables grown in greenhouses. Although many studies have attempted to improve plant growth by converting the light spectrum using functional films, their effects were different and the reasons were not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of spectrum conversion film (SCF) on the photosynthetic activity and growth of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) and romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia). From April to May 2021, the two leafy vegetables were grown under a SCF and a polyethylene film (control). The SCF absorbs low photosynthetic efficiency wavelengths (280400 nm or 500600 nm) and emits high photosynthetic efficiency (400500 nm or 600700 nm). The electron transport rates of photosystem II and I, and the photosynthetic rate of Chinese cabbage grown under the SCF were significantly increased compared to the control. The leaf dry weight, leaf area, and leaf thickness of Chinese cabbage grown under the SCF was also significantly increased by 33.0%, 33.3%, and 32.4%, respectively, compared to the control. However, the lettuce grown under the SCF showed no difference in photosynthetic activity, growth, and morphological characteristics compared to the control. The different effects of spectrum modification between the two films are presumed to be due to the difference in leaf light absorption and chlorophyll content between two vegetables. From the result, it was concluded that the leaf optical properties and chlorophyll content of plants can help determine whether the SCF is effective or not.INTRODUCTION 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 3
MATERIALS AND METHODS 6
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 12
CONCLUSION 29
LITERATURE CITED 30
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 39μ
PW λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ΄μ©ν λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λ μ€νμ μν κ΄ν λ° κ°λ§μ μ§λ¨κ³ κ°λ°
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(λ°μ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅λνμ : 곡과λν μλμ§μμ€ν
곡νλΆ, 2023. 2. ν©μ©μ.Optical and Ξ³-ray diagnostics has been developed for a nonlinear Compton scattering (NCS) between an ultra-relativistic electron beam and an ultrahigh intensity laser. With the advancement of PW laser technology, strong field physics entered a new physics regime of strong field quantum electrodynamics. Based on the laser wakefield acceleration scheme, a multi-GeV electron beam could be produced by driving a He gas target with a PW laser. When this ultra-relativistic GeV electron beam scatters with an ultrahigh intensity laser beam, multi-photon Compton scattering, i.e., NCS, can occur, generating Ξ³-rays beyond the cutoff energy of linear Compton scattering. In order to perform the NCS experiment, the spatiotemporal synchronization between the electron-driving main laser and the scattering laser is critical for the realization of Compton scattering. With the installation of two optical delay monitoring systems the temporal synchronization between the two laser beams was monitored and controlled, which allowed the successful demonstration of Compton scattering and provided the success rate of Compton scattering as high as 40%.
Generated Ξ³-rays from the Compton scattering were diagnosed using two scintillation detectors β single crystal LYSO for imaging and pixelated LYSO for energy spectrum. The gamma ray energy spectrum generated by NCS was retrieved using two methods - the first method based on the NCS cross section (cross-sectional method) and the other by the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique. In order to apply the cross-sectional method, it is necessary to know the laser intensity during the scattering. The laser intensity during the scattering and number of scattered electrons were obtained by reconstructing a gamma-ray profile. Finally, the gamma-ray energy spectrum was calculated using the cross-sectional method. In addition, the gamma-ray energy spectrum was obtained independently from the response of the pixelated gamma-ray scintillator using the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique. The reconstructed result showed that the gamma-ray energy spectrum extended up to several hundred MeV, which is well beyond the cutoff energy of linear Compton scattering, confirming the realization of NCS. Through this study, the particle interaction under the strong field was experimentally investigated. In addition, the gamma ray generated by NCS is anticipated to be used as a high-energy gamma-ray source.μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ κ³ μλμ§ μ μμ μ΄κ°λ ₯ λ μ΄μ μ¬μ΄μ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν΄ μ°λμ μ€νμ μΌλ‘ ꡬννκ³ λΆμνλλ° νμν κ΄ν λ° κ°λ§μ μ§λ¨κ³λ₯Ό λ€λ£¬λ€. PW λ μ΄μ κΈ°μ μ λ°μ μΌλ‘ κ°ν μ κΈ°μ₯ νμμμ μμμ κΈ°μνμ΄ λ³Έκ²©μ μΌλ‘ μ°κ΅¬λκΈ° μμνλ€. λ μ΄μ μ¨μ΄ν¬νλ κ°μ λ°©μμ κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ PWλ μ΄μ λ‘ ν¬λ₯¨ κ°μ€ νμ μ μ
μ¬νμ¬ μ GeV μλμ§γ
‘μ΄ μ μλΉμ μμ±νμλ€. μ΄ μ μλΉμ΄ μ΄κ°λ ₯ λ μ΄μ μ μ°λλ λ λ€μ€ κ΄μ μ»΄νν€ μ°λ, μ¦ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λμ΄ λ°μνμ¬ μ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λμ νκ³μλμ§ λ³΄λ€ κ°ν μλμ§μ κ°λ§μ μ μμ±ν μ μλ€. λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λ μ€νμ μννκΈ° μν΄μλ μ μλ₯Ό κ°μνλ λ μ΄μ μ μΆ©λμν€κ³ μ νλ λ μ΄μ μ μκ³΅κ° λκΈ°νκ° μ€λΉλμ΄μΌ νλ€. spatial interferometerμ spectral interferometerλ‘ κ΅¬μ±λ μ€μκ° λ λ μ΄μ μ¬μ΄μ μκ° μ§μ° μΈ‘μ μμ€ν
μ λμ
νμ¬ μ»΄νν€ μ°λ μ€νμ μ±κ³΅μ μΌλ‘ μννμκ³ μ΄λ μ±κ³΅λ₯ μ 40 %λ‘ μμΉμμΌ°λ€.
μ»΄νν€ μ°λμμ μμ±λ κ°λ§μ μ§λ¨μ μν΄ κ³΅κ°λΆν¬λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νκΈ° μν μ νΈλ μ΄ν°μ μλμ§ μ€ννΈλΌμ μΈ‘μ νκΈ° μν μ νΈλ μ΄ν°κ° μ€λΉλμλ€. λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λμ μν΄ μμ±λ κ°λ§μ μλμ§ λΆν¬λ λκ°μ§ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘ ꡬνμλ€. 첫λ²μ§Έλ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λ λ¨λ©΄μ μ κΈ°μ΄νμ¬ κ³μ°νλ κ²μ΄λ©° λλ²μ§Έλ λμ λ°λ³΅ μ¬κ΅¬μ± κΈ°λ²μ μ¬μ©νλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ°μ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λ λ¨λ©΄μ μ μ΄μ©νκΈ° μν΄μλ μ°λ μ λ μ΄μ μ μΈκΈ°λ₯Ό μμμΌ νλ€. μ°λ μ€μ λ μ΄μ μ μΈκΈ°μ μ°λν μ μμλ μ μμ μΆ©λ λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό (x, y, z, t)μ ꡬννμ¬ κ΅¬νμμΌλ©°, μ΄λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λ λ¨λ©΄μ μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ κ°λ§μ μλμ§ λΆν¬λ₯Ό κ³μ°νμλ€. λ€λ₯Έ ννΈμΌλ‘ λμ λ°λ³΅ μ¬κ΅¬μ± κΈ°λ²μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ ν½μ
νλ μ νΈλ μ΄ν°μ μΈ‘μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λΆμνμ¬ κ°λ§μ μλμ§ λΆν¬λ₯Ό μ»μλ€. λ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘ ꡬν κ°λ§μ μλμ§ μ€ννΈλΌμ΄ μ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λμ νκ³ μλμ§λ₯Ό μ΄κ³Όνλ μλ°± MeVκΉμ§ μμμμ νμΈν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ λΉμ ν μ»΄νν€ μ°λμ΄ μ€νμ μΌλ‘ μΌμ΄λλ κ²μ κ²μ¦νμλ€. μ΄ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ κ°ν μ κΈ°μ₯ νμμμ μμμ κΈ°μνμ λΉκ³Ό μ
μ μ¬μ΄μ μνΈμμ©μ μ€νμ μΌλ‘ μ°κ΅¬ν μ μμλ€.Chapter 1. Introduction οΌ
1.1. Strong field quantum electrodynamics οΌ
1.2. Nonlinear Compton scattering οΌ
1.3. Purpose and significance οΌ
Chapter 2. Nonlinear Compton scattering experiment οΌ
2.1. Introduction οΌ
2.2. Ultrahigh power laser οΌοΌ
2.2.1 Main driving laser οΌοΌ
2.2.2 Scattering laser οΌοΌ
2.3. Generation of multi-GeV electrons οΌοΌ
2.3.1. Laser wakefield acceleration οΌοΌ
2.3.2. Plasma density οΌοΌ
2.3.3 Laser focusing position οΌοΌ
2.4. Spatiotemporal synchronization οΌοΌ
2.4.1. Theory οΌοΌ
2.4.1.1. Spatial interference οΌοΌ
2.4.1.2. Spectral interference οΌοΌ
2.4.2. Spatiotemporal synchronization setup οΌοΌ
2.4.3 Real-time delay monitoring system οΌοΌ
2.4.3.1 Spatial interferometry οΌοΌ
2.4.3.2. Spectral interferometry οΌοΌ
2.4.4. Time delay control during Compton scattering experiments οΌοΌ
2.5. Diagnostics οΌοΌ
2.5.1. Electron measurement οΌοΌ
2.5.2. Gamma-ray measurement οΌοΌ
2.6 Experimental results and conclusion οΌοΌ
2.6.1. Experimental procedure οΌοΌ
2.6.2. Experimental results and conclusion οΌοΌ
Chapter 3. Analysis of gamma rays from nonlinear Compton scattering οΌοΌ
3.1. Introduction οΌοΌ
3.2. Simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique οΌοΌ
3.2.1. Response function οΌοΌ
3.3. Cross-sectional method οΌοΌ
3.3.1. Nonlinear Compton scattering cross section οΌοΌ
3.3.2. Simulation of Compton scattering process οΌοΌ
3.3.2.1. Scattering laser beam οΌοΌ
3.2.2.2. Electron beam οΌοΌ
3.2.2.3. Time delay οΌοΌ
3.2.2.4. Projection ratio οΌοΌ
3.2.2.5. Example of the simulation οΌοΌ
3.3.3. Estimation of laser intensity οΌοΌ
3.3.3.1. Structural similarity index measure οΌοΌ
3.3.3.2. Comparison of gamma-ray profile οΌοΌ
3.3.3.3. Laser intensity during the scattering οΌοΌ
3.4. Gamma-ray energy spectrum οΌοΌ
3.5. Additional analysis of NCS gamma-ray results and conclusion οΌοΌοΌ
Chapter 4. Conclusion οΌοΌοΌ
Bibliography οΌοΌοΌ
Abstract in Korean οΌοΌοΌ
κ°μ¬μ κΈ οΌοΌοΌλ°
νκ°μ γκ²μ μ¬μ΄γ, γλ΄ μ¬μμ μ΄λ§€γ, γμ±μμ£Όμμγ μ°κ΅¬
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μΈλ¬Έλν νλκ³Όμ λΉκ΅λ¬Ένμ 곡,2019. 8. κΉμ ν.νκ°μ μμ€μ μΈκ°μ€μ¬μ μΈκ³μ νλ ₯κ³Ό κ·Έ μμ κ°μΈλ€μ΄ κ²ͺλ κ³ ν΅μ λ μΉ΄λ‘κ² ν¬μ°©ν΄μλ€. κ·Έ μ€μμλ νκ°μ μ΄κΈ°μμμλΆν° μ΄μ΄μ Έμ¨ μλ³Έμ£Όμ μν μΈκ³μ κ°λΆμ₯μ μ§μ μμ μ¬μ± 주체μ λν κ΄μ¬μ νκ°μ μμ€ μΈκ³μμ ν΅μ¬μ μΈ λ¬Έμ μμμΌλ‘ μ리νκ³ μλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ νκ°μ γκ²μ μ¬μ΄γκ³Ό γλ΄ μ¬μμ μ΄λ§€γ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ γμ±μμ£Όμμγμ μ¬μ± μΈλ¬Όλ€μ΄ κ²ͺλ κ°λΆμ₯μ , μλ³Έμ£Όμ μΈκ³ μμ μΌμμ νΈλΌμ°λ§μ κ·Έλ‘ μΈν λ³νλ₯Ό μμ±μ κ°λ₯μ±μ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ μ‘°λͺ
νκ³ μ νμλ€. μΈ μνμμ μ¬μ±λ€μ μλ¬Όμ νΉμ±μ νμ μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±μΌλ‘μ, κ·Έλ€μ΄ κ°μ§λ μΌμμ νΈλΌμ°λ§λ₯Ό μλ¬Όμ μνλ‘μ λ³νλ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ 극볡νκ³ μ νλ€. μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ μ΄ λ³νλ μλͺ
λ ₯μ νμ μλ¬Όλ‘μ λ³μ μ΄λΌλ μ μμ, μΌμμ νΈλΌμ°λ§λ‘λΆν° μ 체μ μ λμ μλμ μ¬λ°κ²¬νλ κ³Όμ μΌλ‘ νκ°λ μ μλ€. μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ νΈλΌμ°λ§λ κ·Έλ€μ μ 체λ₯Ό 맀κ°λ‘ λ°νλλλ°, μ΄λμ μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ μΉμμΌλ¦¬ν° μμ μλ¬Όμ μ΄λΌκ³ λΆλ¦΄ μ μμ λ³νλ₯Ό κ²ͺλλ€. νλΉκ³Όμ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ€μ¬μΌλ‘ ν μκ°μ±μ μ μΉμμΌλ¦¬ν°λ₯Ό κ°μ§λ μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ κ³ μ λ μ λ 체κ³λ₯Ό κ΅λμν€λ©°, λμκ° μμ μ μΈκ°μ μ 체μ κ²½κ³λ₯Ό λμ΄μλ μκΈ°λΆμμ§μ λ§μ‘°νμ¦μ μ€μ²νλ€. μ΄λ¬ν μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ λ³νμ μλλ€μ μΈκ°μ€μ¬μ μΈκ³λ‘λΆν° λ²μ΄λκ³ μ νλ λ
Έλ ₯μ΄λ©°, μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ ν΄λ¨Έλμ¦μ μΈκ°μ μ΄νλ₯Ό μ§ν₯νκ³ μλ€λ μ μμ ν¬μ€νΈν΄λ¨Όμ΄λΌκ³ λ§ν΄μ§ μ μλ€. ν¬μ€νΈν΄λ¨ΌμΌλ‘μ μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ μΈκ°μ μΆμΈ λΉμ€μ€κ° μλλΌ μΆ μμ²΄μΈ μ‘°μλ‘λΆν° μ’
μ λμ΄μ νλ±κ³Ό νμΈκ°μ€μ¬μ£Όμμ κ°μΉλ₯Ό λ°κ²¬νλ©°, μ κ·Ήμ μΈ μ‘°μλ‘μ λκΈ°λ‘ ν₯νκ³ μλ€.Han Kang has written the violence and the sufferings in the anthropocentric world, and also has focused on female subjects in the middle of the capitalist and patriarchal system. This study aimed to highlight the female subjects' everyday traumas in the capitalist and patriarchal system and their changes in terms of the generative possibilities in Black Deer, The Fruit of My Woman, and The Vegetarian. The women in these three novels are 'the vegetal women' who have the vegetal characters, and they struggle to overcome their everyday traumas through their transformation into the vegetal figures. This transformation can be appraised as the process of rediscovering their bodies' affective capacity, given that it is a transformation with full vitality. The vegetal women's traumas are expressed through the medium of their bodies, and the sexuality of the vegetal women also undergo a change that can be called 'vegetal'. The vegetal women with the auto-erotic sexuality which is centered on the relationship with sunlight disturb the fixed gender system, and furthermore, they practice the self-shattering masochism surpassing the boundaries of their human bodies. These changes are the endeavor to escape from the anthropocentric world, which can be interpreted as 'posthuman' in that they are oriented toward the afterlife of the humanistic human being. As the posthuman, the vegetal women discover the equality beyond the species and posthumanist value from 'zoe', the life itself, not from the bios, the human life, and proceed toward becoming zoe.1. μλ‘ 1
2. μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ νΈλΌμ°λ§ 16
2.1. νΈλΌμ°λ§μ μΌμμ± 16
2.2. μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±λ€μ νΈλΌμ°λ§ 21
3. μλ¬Όμ μΉμμΌλ¦¬ν°μ μ¬κ΅¬μ± 30
3.1. μλ¬Όμ μΉμμΌλ¦¬ν°μ κ³ λ
30
3.2. λ
Ήμλ΄λ¦° μ 체μ νμ 40
3.3. μν΄μ λ§μ‘°νμ¦ 48
4. μλ¬Όμ ν¬μ€νΈν΄λ¨Όμ μμ 56
4.1. μλ¬Ό μ¬μ±μ ν¬μ€νΈν΄λ¨Ό κ°λ₯μ± 56
4.2. μ‘°μμ μΆμΌλ‘μ νκ·μ ν¬μ€νΈν΄λ¨Ό κ°κ°μΌλ‘μμ μ΄κ°μ± 63
4.3. μ§κ°λΆκ°λ₯νκ² λκΈ°μ μ 체 70
5. κ²°λ‘ 76
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 80
Abstract 85Maste
Schemes to Secure Competitiveness of Small and Medium Container Terminals
Small-and-medium-sized container terminals have been constructed around established big-sized terminals, which are also expanding their capacity to server their customers with more efficiency.
However, the small-and-medium-sized container terminals have some restrictions when it comes to cargo volume and the number of vessels that they can attract. At the same time, due to the strategy of Korean government to attract private investment in ports, those terminals are funded and operated by construction companies, which have very limited experience or domain knowledge in container terminal operation business. This kind of situation and background makes them more difficult in winning customers like shipping companies.
In order to be more competitive and attract more customers in this situation, the newly developed terminals can offer differentiated services for shipper companies and large-scale shipping lines. They can provide extensive logistics service for shipper companies and play a role of shipper with big volume for big shipping lines.
In the past, logistics services from cargo booking to stevedoring had been provided by respective logistics service providers. The small-and-medium-sized terminals can offer the one-stop logistics services to help shipper companies save their logistics cost. This strategy will enable the terminals to collect more cargoes from such companies.
On the other hand, the terminals can offer services as large-scale shippers based on the cargo volume that they collect from shipper companies. They can provide domestic shipper information, to some extent, for foreign forwarders, so that the forwarders can build a partnership with the terminals.
This kind of differentiated strategy for their customers will make the newly developed terminals be more competitive in the port business.μ 1μ₯ μλ‘ 1
1.1 μ°κ΅¬μ λ°°κ²½ λ° λͺ©μ 1
1.2 μ°κ΅¬μ μν λ°©λ² λ° κ΅¬μ± 3
μ 2μ₯ μ€μν νλ§μ κ°λ°νν© λ° μ΄μνν 4
2.1 νλ§μ μν 4
2.2 μ€Β·μν νλ§μ κ°λ°νν© 5
2.2.1 μ€κ³΅Β·μ΄μ μ€μΈ 컨ν
μ΄λλΆλ 7
2.2.2 건μ€μ€μΈ 컨ν
μ΄λλΆλ 8
2.3 μ€Β·μν νλ§μ μ΄μνν 9
μ 3μ₯ ν°λ―Έλκ³Ό κΈ°μ
κ° λ¬Όλ₯λ€νΈμν¬ 10
3.1 ν°λ―Έλκ³Ό κΈ°μ
κ° λ¬Όλ₯λ€νΈμν¬ 10
3.1.1 κΈ°μ‘΄μ νλ§κ³Ό κΈ°μ
κ° λ¬Όλ₯λ€νΈμν¬ 10
3.1.2 μ 3μ λ¬Όλ₯ν ν°λ―Έλμ λ¬Όλ₯λ€νΈμν¬ 11
3.2 ν°λ―Έλμ μ¬μ
λ€κ°ν μ¬λ‘ 12
3.2.1 μΈκ΅ μ¬λ‘ 12
3.2.2 κ΅λ΄ μ¬λ‘ 13
3.3 νλ§μ΄μνμ¬μ μ¬μ
λ€κ°ν μ€ν 15
3.3.1 Hutchison Whampoa κ·Έλ£Ή 15
3.3.2 PSA 16
3.3.3 P&O Port 18
3.3.4 Eurokaiμ HHLA 18
3.3.5 ICTSI 19
3.4 ν΄μ΄νμ¬μ LCL μ½μμλΉμ€ μ€ν 20
3.4.1 LCL μ½μμλΉμ€ κ°μ 20
3.4.2 LCL μ½μμλΉμ€ μ€ν 21
3.5 ν°λ―Έλ λ¬Όλ₯μ λ¬ΈκΈ°μ
μ κΈ°νΌ νμ 22
μ 4μ₯ μ μ¬ λ° νμ£Όμ ν°λ―Έλμ ν μμΈ 25
4.1 μ μ¬μ ν°λ―Έλμ ν μμΈ 25
4.1.1 κΈ°μ‘΄ μ¬λ‘ μ°κ΅¬ 25
4.1.2 μ μ¬μ ν°λ―Έλ μ ν μμΈ λΆμ 27
4.2 νμ£ΌκΈ°μ
μ ν°λ―Έλ μ ν μμΈ 28
4.2.1 νμ£Όμ ν°λ―Έλ μ ν κ²°μ μμΈ 29
4.2.2 νμ£ΌκΈ°μ
μ ν°λ―Έλ μ΄μ© μ€ν 29
4.2.3 νμ£Ό κΈ°μ
μ ν°λ―Έλ μ ν μμΈ λΆμ 33
4.3 ν°λ―Έλ κ΄λ ¨ μ
μ’
λ³ λ¬Έμ μ 35
4.3.1 νλ¬Όμ΄μ‘μ£Όμ μ
35
4.3.2 컨ν
μ΄λ μ΄μ‘μ
κ³Ό CYμ
36
4.3.3 μ°½κ³ μ
36
4.3.4 ν¬μλ 37
4.4 μ λ¬Έ λ¬Όλ₯μ
체μ νκ³ 39
μ 5μ₯ ν°λ―Έλμ κ°λ° λ°©ν₯ 40
5.1 κ°λ°μ€μΈ ν°λ―Έλμ λ¬Έμ μ 40
5.2 νμ¬μ ν°λ―Έλλ¬Όλ₯ λ€νΈμν¬ λ¬Έμ μ 40
5.3 μ’
ν©λ¬Όλ₯μλΉμ€ 주체λ‘μμ νλ§ 41
5.3.1 κΈ°μ‘΄μ μμΆμ
λ¬Όλ₯ λ€νΈμν¬ 42
5.3.2 ν°λ―Έλ μ€μ¬μ μ’
ν© λ¬Όλ₯ λ€νΈμν¬ 43
5.4 νλ§ κΈ°λ₯μ μ¬μ 립 44
μ 6μ₯ κ²°λ‘ 47
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 4
νλ΄κΈ°κ΄ νλ°©: 곡νκ΅μ‘μ°κ΅¬μΌν°
κ΅μνμ΅κ°λ°μΌν°λ μμΈλνκ΅ κ΅μ‘ λ°μ μ μν΄ νμ¬ νλ΄μμ νλνκ³ μλ νλ΄κΈ°κ΄
μ νλ°©νλ€. λ³Έ μΌν°λ μ΄λ₯Ό κ·Όκ±°λ‘ κΈ°μ¬ννμ¬ μ μ°μ¬νκΈ°λ‘ κ²°μ νμλ€.
μ΄ μ°μ¬ κΈ°μ¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ νλ΄ κ΅μ‘μ λ΄λΉνκ³ μλ μ¬λ¬ κΈ°κ΄μ΄ κ°κ³ μλ λΉμ κ³Ό ꡬ체μ μΈ ν
λμ μκ°ν΄ μ΄λ₯Ό 곡μ νκ³ μ νλ€. μ΄μ²λΌ κ΅λ΄ κ° κΈ°κ΄λ€μ΄ μλ‘ μ κΈ°μ μΈ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό κ°λ κ²
μ μμΈλνκ΅ κ΅μ‘ κ°μ μ μλμ§ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ°½μΆνλ λ° λ§μ λμμ΄ λ κ²μ΄λΌ κΈ°λνλ€. 첫
λ²μ§Έλ‘ 곡νμ°κ΅¬μ μ°ν 곡νκ΅μ‘μ°κ΅¬μΌν°μ μΌν°μ₯μ λ§‘κ³ μλ 곡과λν μ¬λ£κ³΅νλΆ κΉλ
μ° κ΅μλμ λ§λ λ΅κ³ , λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ μΈν°λ·°νλ€.κ΅μνμ΅κ°λ°μΌν°λ μμΈλνκ΅ κ΅μ‘ λ°μ μ μν΄ νμ¬ νλ΄μμ νλνκ³ μλ νλ΄κΈ°κ΄
μ νλ°©νλ€. λ³Έ μΌν°λ μ΄λ₯Ό κ·Όκ±°λ‘ κΈ°μ¬ννμ¬ μ μ°μ¬νκΈ°λ‘ κ²°μ νμλ€.
μ΄ μ°μ¬ κΈ°μ¬λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ νλ΄ κ΅μ‘μ λ΄λΉνκ³ μλ μ¬λ¬ κΈ°κ΄μ΄ κ°κ³ μλ λΉμ κ³Ό ꡬ체μ μΈ ν
λμ μκ°ν΄ μ΄λ₯Ό 곡μ νκ³ μ νλ€. μ΄μ²λΌ κ΅λ΄ κ° κΈ°κ΄λ€μ΄ μλ‘ μ κΈ°μ μΈ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό κ°λ κ²
μ μμΈλνκ΅ κ΅μ‘ κ°μ μ μλμ§ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ°½μΆνλ λ° λ§μ λμμ΄ λ κ²μ΄λΌ κΈ°λνλ€. 첫
λ²μ§Έλ‘ 곡νμ°κ΅¬μ μ°ν 곡νκ΅μ‘μ°κ΅¬μΌν°μ μΌν°μ₯μ λ§‘κ³ μλ 곡과λν μ¬λ£κ³΅νλΆ κΉλ
μ° κ΅μλμ λ§λ λ΅κ³ , λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ μΈν°λ·°νλ€
μ§κ·Ένλ¦¬νΈ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μνμ λμλ‘ μ°κ΅¬
λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ λ
μΌμ λ¬ΈνλΉνκ°μ΄μ μνμ΄λ‘ κ° μ§κ·Ένλ¦¬νΈ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄(Siegfried Kracauer, 1889-1966)μ λμ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬μ μνλ‘ μ βλ―Έλμ΄-κ³΅κ° κ²½νβ μ΄λ‘ μΌλ‘ μ¬κ΅¬μ±νλ κ²μ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ νλ€. κ·Έλμ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μ μμ μ£Όλ‘ μν μ°κ΅¬μμ λ
Όμκ° μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ λ°λ©΄, μ΄κΈ°μ λμ λ¬Ένλ‘ μ μλμ μΌλ‘ μ£Όλͺ©μ λ°μ§ λͺ»νλ€. μ΄μ λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ λ μ£Όμ λ₯Ό κ·Έμ μ 체 μ μμ λ§₯λ½μμ ν΅ν©μ μΌλ‘ μ κ·Όν΄ λΆμνλ€.
λ
Όλ¬Έμ ꡬμ±μ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ λμ λ¬Έν λΆμμ μνμ 맀체μ νΉμμ±κ³Ό μΉνμ± λ
Όμμ μ°κ²°λλ λ―Έλμ΄-곡κ°μ μ κ·Όμμ κ·λͺ
νλ€. λμ§Έ, βνμΈ΅μ ννβμΌλ‘μμ μκ°μ λ§€μ²΄μΈ μνκ° λμ μ΄λ―Έμ§μ λμ κ²½νμ ꡬμ±νλ κ³Όμ μ νꡬνλ€. μ
μ§Έ, μν κ΄κ° κ²½νμ λν ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ λ
Όμμμ μνκ΄μ΄ λμμ κ²½νκ³Ό μνμ κ²½νμ΄ κ΅μ°¨λλ βλ―Έλμ΄ κ³΅κ°βμΌλ‘ κΈ°λ₯ν¨μ λ°νλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ βλ―Έλμ΄-κ³΅κ° κ²½νβ μ΄λ‘ μ΄ μνμ μ‘΄μ¬λ‘ μ λΉνμ μΌλ‘ μ‘°λ§νκ³ μμΌλ©°, λ―Έλμ΄μ 곡κ°μ μνΈμμ©μ΄ μ΄λ»κ² λμμ κ²½νμ ꡬμ±νλμ§λ₯Ό 보μ¬μ£Όκ³ μμμ μ£Όμ₯νλ€.
λ³Έ λ
Όλ¬Έμ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μνμ λμλ‘ μ λ―Έλμ΄ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬μ λμ μ°κ΅¬, μν μ°κ΅¬μ λ§₯λ½μμ 체κ³μ μΌλ‘ νμ₯νκ³ , βλ―Έλμ΄-κ³΅κ° κ²½νβμΌλ‘ μ¬ν΄μλ κ·Έμ μ£Όμ μ μ μ΄ νλ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬ λ°μ μ μν μ€μν μ΄λ‘ μ μμμμ νμΈνλ€λ μμλ₯Ό κ°λλ€.This dissertation is primarily concerned with a critical analysis of the work of Siegfried Kracauer(1889-1966), a Jewish-German cultural critic and film theorist, with particular reference to the βexperience of media-spaceβ. While Kracauerβs writings have been mainly discussed in the fields of film studies, his earlier studies on the city and urban culture have received a good deal less attention. This dissertation synthetically approaches and analyzes the themes of film and city in the context of his major works.
First, the dissertation shows that Kracauerβs analysis of the city is developed along with his account of filmβs specificity as a medium and its inherent affinities. Second, the dissertation explores the process of how film as a βsurface-level expressionβ serves to construct not only the image of the city but also the cinematic experience of the city. Third, focusing on Kracauerβs analysis of the cinematic experience, the dissertation examines how cinema plays a role as a βmedia spaceβ in articulating the combination of urban and cinematic experiences. In doing so, the dissertation argues that Kracauerβs theory of the βexperience of media-spaceβ critically revisits the ontology of film as a media text and as a socio-cultural phenomenon and discusses how the interaction between media and space constitutes the urban experience.
This dissertation contributes to a critical reception of Kracauerβs theory of film and city in the fields of media and cultural studies and shows that his works on the βexperience of media-spaceβ provide key theoretical motives for the development of the critical study of media-space today.μ 1 μ₯ μλ‘ 1
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬ λ¬Έμ 2
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬ λμ λ° μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ² 8
1. μ°κ΅¬ λμ 8
2. μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ² 13
μ 3 μ λ
Όλ¬Έμ κ΅¬μ± 13
μ 2 μ₯ μ΄λ‘ μ λ°°κ²½ λ° μ ν μ°κ΅¬ κ²ν 16
μ 1 μ λμ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬μ β곡κ°μ μ νβ 16
1. κ³΅κ° κΆλ ₯μ μ κ·Ό 17
2. λ―Έλμ΄-곡κ°μ μ κ·Ό 19
μ 2 μ λΉνμ λμ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬μμμ λ―Έλμ΄μ κ³΅κ° 24
1. 20μΈκΈ° λλμμ νλ λ¬Έν 24
1) κ²μ€λ₯΄ν¬ μ§λ©: μκ°μ λμμ νλ 24
2) λ°ν° λ²€μΌλ―Ό: λμμ νλ±μκ³Ό μν 26
2. λΉνμ λμ λ¬Έν μ°κ΅¬μ νμ¬ 27
μ 3 μ μν μ΄λ―Έμ§μ μ€μ¬μ κ²½ν 29
μ 4 μ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄ κ΅λ΄μΈ μμ© νν© 34
1. κ΅μΈ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄ μ°κ΅¬ νν©κ³Ό κ²½ν₯ 34
2. κ΅λ΄ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄ μ°κ΅¬ νν©κ³Ό κ²½ν₯ 37
μ 3 μ₯ μ§κ·Ένλ¦¬νΈ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μΆκ³Ό μ μ 42
μ 1 μ μμ μ μ§μ±μ¬μ λ§₯λ½ 42
1. ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μΈλΆμμ μΆ 43
2. ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ λμ: λΉν μ΄λ‘ μ λ§₯λ½ 48
3. ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μν: λ―Ένμ λ§₯λ½ 50
μ 2 μ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄μ μ£Όμ λ³ μ μ 52
1. 곡κ°μ κ°μνμ λμ€μ ν©λ¦¬ν: γλμ€μ μ₯μγ, γμ¬λ¬΄μ§ λ
Έλμλ€γ 53
2. νλ±μκ³Ό λμ: γμν¬ μ€νλ°νμ κ·Έμ μλμ ν리γ 55
3. λ
μΌ μνμ βμ¬λ¦¬μ μ€μ¬β: γ칼리κ°λ¦¬μμ ννλ¬κΉμ§γ 56
4. β물리μ μ€μ¬βμ μν κ²½ν: γμν μ΄λ‘ γ 59
5. μμ¬μ 거리λκΈ°: γμμ¬γ 60
μ 4 μ₯ λμμ μνμ μΉνμ± 62
μ 1 μ λμμ βνμΈ΅μ ννβ 62
1. νλ λμμ βνμΈ΅μ ννβλ€ 63
2. λμ€ βμ₯μβμ κ°μν 69
μ 2 μ λ΄μ¬μ μΉνμ±κ³Ό β물리μ μ€μ¬β 72
1. μ¬μ§μ 맀체μ μμ±κ³Ό μΉνμ± 73
1) μμ¬ κΈ°λ‘μΌλ‘μμ μ¬μ§ 73
2) μ¬μ§μ μ κ·Όκ³Ό μΉνμ± 76
2. β물리μ μ€μ¬βμ μνμ μ κ·Ό 79
1) κΈ°λ‘κ³Ό λλ¬λμΌλ‘μμ μν 79
2) λμμ λν μνμ μ κ·Ό 82
μ 3 μ μκ²°: μνμ μΌλ‘ λμ μ½κΈ° 84
μ 5 μ₯ λμμ μκ°μ ννμΌλ‘μμ μν 86
μ 1 μ μνμ 거리μ λμμ νλ±μ 86
1. βμΆμ νλ¦βμΌλ‘μμ μνμ 거리 87
2. νλ λμ€λ¬Ένμ νλ±μ: ν리μ μ€νλ ν 90
μ 2 μ 거리μνμ 물리μ -μ¬λ¦¬μ μ€μ¬ 92
1. 거리μνμ μνμ μ κ·Ό 93
1) μ΄κΈ° μνμ νλ¦κ³Ό 거리μνμ λ±μ₯ 93
2) λ°μ΄λ§λ₯΄ 곡νκ΅ μκΈ° 거리μνμ λ¬Όμ§μ± 95
2. 물리μ -μ¬λ¦¬μ μ€μ¬μ μ¬κ΅¬μ±κ³Ό μ¬λ°κ²¬ 98
μ 3 μ μκ²°: λμμ λΆν΄μ μ¬μ‘°λ¦½ 100
μ 6 μ₯ λ―Έλμ΄-κ³΅κ° κ²½νμ βλκΈ°μ€β: μνκ΄ 102
μ 1 μ 거리μμμ λμμ κ²½ν 102
1. μμΈμ νλ κ²½νκ³Ό 거리μ βμμμ²β 103
2. μΌμμ μ¬λ°κ²¬μΌλ‘μμ βλκΈ°(εΎ
ζ©)β 106
μ 2 μ μνκ΄μμμ μνμ κ²½ν 110
1. μ μ λΆμ°κ³Ό μν 111
2. κΏκΎΈκΈ°λ₯Ό ν΅ν μ€μ¬μμ μ μ΄ 113
3. λ―μ¦κ³Ό λκΈ°λ₯Ό μν μνκ΄ 117
μ 3 μ μκ²°: 거리μμ μνκ΄, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ€μ κ±°λ¦¬λ‘ 121
μ 7 μ₯ κ²°λ‘ 123
μ 1 μ λ
Όλ¬Έμ μμ½ λ° μμ 123
μ 2 μ λ
Όλ¬Έμ νκ³ λ° νμ μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό μν μ μΈ 126
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 129
λΆλ‘ 151
λΆλ‘ 1. κ΅μΈ(μμ΄κΆ) ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄ λ²μΒ·2μ°¨ λ¬Έν λͺ©λ‘ 151
λΆλ‘ 2. κ΅λ΄ ν¬λΌμΉ΄μ°μ΄ 2μ°¨ λ¬Έν λͺ©λ‘ 166
Abstract 172μ
An Estimation on Radiation Noise Produced by Conducted Noise
The conducted noise were measured in the frequency band for international standards suggested by CISPR (International Special Committee on Radio Interference), American FCC (Federal Communication Commission), MIL-STD (Military Standard), Japanese VCCI (Voluntary Control Council for Interference) and CE mark etc.
However, international specification about the radiation noise converted from conducted noise has not been established. In this thesis, the conducted noise was measured by applying a noise of EFT`s level 4, to transmission line which was defined by international standard IEC 61000-4-4. According to the experimental results, the noise radiated from the transmission line was observed in a frequency band broader than 30γ - 50γ band suggested by Military Standard, CISPR, and FCC.
From the transmission line, a radiation noise was observed from DC to 500 γ in a short distance (from 5 to 45 γ) and also from DC to 400 γ in a long distance of 1 m. From the above results, it is to be concluded that the international standards for a wider noise frequency band than the conventional ones should be established to consider the radiation noise converted from conducted noise.μ 1 μ₯ μ λ‘
1.1 μ°κ΅¬λ°°κ²½ 1
1.2 μ°κ΅¬λͺ©μ λ° λ΄μ© 2
μ 2 μ₯ μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ ν΄μ
2.1 μ μμμ€ν
μμμ κ°μκ³Ό EMC λ¬Έμ 3
2.2 κ·Όμμ₯κ³Ό μμμ₯ 7
2.3 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λν κ΅μ κ·κ²© κ²ν 11
2.4 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ μ λ¬κ²½λ‘ 14
2.5 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λ°©μ¬νΉμ± 17
μ 3 μ₯ μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λ°©μ¬νΉμ± μΈ‘μ μμ€ν
κ³Ό λΆμ
3.1 EFT νΉμ± 20
3.2 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λ°©μ¬νΉμ± μΈ‘μ μμ€ν
23
3.3 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λ°©μ¬νΉμ± λΆμ 26
μ 4 μ₯ μ€ν κ²°κ³Ό λ° κ³ μ°°
4.1 λ°©μ¬νΉμ± μ€ν κ²°κ³Ό λ° κ³ μ°° 28
4.2 μ λλ
Έμ΄μ¦μ λ°©μ¬μ λν λμ±
36
μ 5 μ₯ κ²° λ‘ 41
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 4
λ°±νμ ν¨μ μλΉμμ μ νμλ
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μλ₯νκ³Ό, 2013. 2. μΆνΈμ .μ ν¬ μλͺ
μ£ΌκΈ°(Retail Life Cycle) μ΄λ‘ μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ ν¨μ
μ νκ³Ό λ§μ°¬κ°μ§λ‘ μ ν΅ κΈ°κ΄μλ μλͺ
μ£ΌκΈ°κ° μ‘΄μ¬νλ€. κ΅λ΄ μλ₯ μμ₯μμλ λ°±νμ μ΄μΈμ νμΌν, λν μΌνλͺ°, μμΈλ , μΈν°λ· μΌνλͺ° λ± λ€μν μ ν΅ μ
νλ€μ΄ μΉμ΄ν κ²½μμ νκ³ μμΌλ©° μλΉμλ€μ μ¬λ¬ μ νμ μ ν¬λ₯Ό λμμ λΉκ΅νκ³ μ ννλ€. κ·Έ μ€μμλ λ°±νμ μ μ₯κΈ°κ° κ²½κΈ° μΉ¨μ²΄λ‘ μΈν΄ λ§€μΆ λ° μ±μ₯μΈκ° μ
νλκ³ μμΌλ©° μ΄λ ν¨μ
μ ν μλΉμλ€μκ² μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉ κ²μΌλ‘ 보μΈλ€. κ΄κ³ λ§μΌν
μ μ μμμ ν¨μ
μ ν μλΉμκ° λ°±νμ κ³Όμ κ΄κ³μμ μ΄ννλ κ³Όμ μ μ΄ν΄νλ κ²μ΄ νμνλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ ν¨μ
μ ν μλΉμλ€μ΄ λ°±νμ μμ λ€λ₯Έ μ ν΅ μ±λλ‘ μ ννλ €λ μλμ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ μμΈλ€μ μ΄ν΄νκΈ° μνμ¬ μνλμλ€. λ°±νμ μ μ ν¬ μμ±μ λν λ§μ‘±κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ΄ μ νμλμ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ κ²μ¦νμλ€. ν¨μ
μ ν μλΉμμ λ°±νμ μ κ΄κ³μμ νμ±λ λͺ°μ
μ λ§€κ° μν μ μ€μ¬μΌλ‘ μ°κ΅¬νμλ€. λ€μν μ ν΅ μ±λμ ν¨κ» μ΄μ©νλ μλΉμμ λ©ν°μ±λ μΌν(multichannel-shopping) ννλ₯Ό κ³ λ €νμ¬ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλλ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νκ³ μ ν΅κ²½λ‘λ₯Ό 볡ν©μ μΌλ‘ μ΄μ©νλ μλλ₯Ό νμ
νλ €κ³ νμλ€. λν λ°±νμ μ
ν λ΄ μ΄λμ΄ μλ λ€λ₯Έ μ ν΅ μ±λλ‘ μ ννλ €λ μλλ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬νμλ€.
μ¨λΌμΈμ ν΅ν μ€λ¬Έμ‘°μ¬ μ°κ΅¬λ°©λ²μ μ¬μ©νμκ³ 7μ λ¦¬μ»€νΈ μ²λλ‘ μΈ‘μ νμλ€. λ°±νμ κ³Ό κ΄κ³λ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μλ ν¨μ
μ ν μλΉμλ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬νκΈ° μνμ¬ 30-60λμ μ¬μ± 300λͺ
μ λμμΌλ‘ νμλ€. 10-20λ μ¬μ±μ κ²½μ° μμ μ μλμΌλ‘ λ°±νμ μμ ν¨μ
μ νμ ꡬ맀ν κΈ°κ°μ΄ μ€λλμ§ μμ λ°±νμ κ³Όμ κ΄κ³κ° λΆμ‘±νλ―λ‘ μ μΈλμλ€. μ€λ¬Έμ μμν λ μ΅κ·Ό 6κ°μ μ΄λ΄μ ν¨μ
μ νμ ꡬ맀ν μ맀μ μ νμ λͺ¨λ μ ννλλ‘ νμ¬ λ°±νμ μ μ΄μ©νμ§ μμ μλ΅μλ₯Ό μ μΈμμΌ°λ€. ν¨μ
μ νμ ꡬ맀ν λ μ£Όλ‘ μ΄μ©νλ λ°±νμ κ³Ό μ΄μ© κ²½νμ μκΈ°μν¨ ν, ν맀μ, μ ν, μμ€ λ° μ₯μ, κ°κ²© λ° νλ‘λͺ¨μ
μ νκ°νλλ‘ νμλ€. λμΌν λ°±νμ μ ν¬ μμ±μ λνμ¬ μμλ‘ 150λͺ
μκ²λ λ§μ‘±μ κ΄ν λ¬Ένμ μ£Όκ³ λλ¨Έμ§ 150λͺ
μκ²λ λΆλ§μ‘±μ κ΄ν λ¬Ένμ μ£Όμλ€. κ·Έ λ€μ ν΄λΉ λ°±νμ μ λν΄ κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μΈ‘μ νμλ€. ν΄λΉ λ°±νμ μ λμμΌλ‘ κ³ λ €ν μ μλ λ€λ₯Έ ν¨μ
μ맀μ λ€μ μκΈ°μν¨ νμ λ°±νμ μμ λ€λ₯Έ ν¨μ
μ맀μ μΌλ‘ μ ννλ €λ μλμ μ¬λ¬ μ±λμ ν¨κ» μ΄μ©νλ €λ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλλ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νμλ€.
μκ±°λ μ€λ¬Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ SPSS 18.0μ μ΄μ©νμ¬ λΉλλΆμ, μ λ’°λλΆμ, μμΈλΆμ, t-κ²μ μ μ€μνμμΌλ©° AMOS 18.0μ μ¬μ©νμ¬ νμΈμ μμΈλΆμ, ꡬ쑰방μ μ λͺ¨νλΆμκ³Ό λ€μ€μ§λ¨ λΆμμ μ€μνμλ€.
첫째, λ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨μμ λ°±νμ μ ν¬ μμ±μ λν λ§μ‘±μ κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ λΆμ μΌλ‘ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€μΌλ©° κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μλ μ μ μΌλ‘ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€. λν κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μ νμλμ μ μν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉκ³ κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλμ μ μν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λ°λΌμ λ§μ‘±μ κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€. λν κ³μ°μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
νκ² λλ©΄ μ ννλ €λ μλλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§μ§λ§ κ°μ μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
νκ² λλ©΄ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§λ κ²μ μ μ μμλ€.
λμ§Έ, λΆλ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨μμ λ°±νμ μ ν¬ μμ±μ λν λΆλ§μ‘±μ κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μ μ μΌλ‘ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€μΌλ©° κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μλ λΆμ μΌλ‘ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€. λν κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μ νμλμ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€μ§λ§ κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μ μ무 μλμλ μ μν μν₯μ 보μ΄μ§ μμλ€. λΆλ§μ‘± μμ κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μ μλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€μΌλ©°, κ³μ°μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
νκ² λλ©΄ μ ννλ €λ μλλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§λ κ²μ μ μ μμλ€.
λ§μ‘±κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨ λͺ¨λ κ³μ°μ μΌλ‘ μ΄μ© μ μμ΄ λͺ°μ
νκ² λλ©΄ λ€λ₯Έ μ±λλ‘ μ ννλ €λ μλλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ‘λ€. λ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨μμλ λ°±νμ μ μ μ μ κ°μ§κ³ λͺ°μ
νκ² λλ©΄ μ¬λ¬ μ ν΅ μ±λμ ν¨κ» μ΄μ©νλ €λ μλλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ‘λ€. λ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨μμ λͺ¨λ κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
μ΄ μλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μν μ νλ κ²μ μ μ μμλ€. λν λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬ λͺ¨νμμ λ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ μΈ‘μ ν μ§λ¨μ κ²°κ³Όλ μλ‘ λ€λ₯΄κ² λνλ¬λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό ν΅νμ¬ λͺ κ°μ§ μμ¬μ μ μ μν μ μλ€. κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
μ μλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μν μ νκΈ° λλ¬Έμ λ°±νμ μ μ
μ₯μμ μλΉμμμ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό ꡬμΆν λ μ΄λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν΄μΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€. μ΄μ© μ μμ΄ κ³μ°μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
νκ³ μλ μλΉμλ λ€λ₯Έ μ ν΅ μ±λλ‘ μ ννλ €λ μκ°μ μΌλμ λκ³ μμ§λ§, κ°μ μ μΌλ‘ μ μ μ κ°μ§κ³ λͺ°μ
νκ² λ μλΉμλ λ€λ₯Έ μ±λκ³Ό ν¨κ» μ΄μ©νλ €λ μλλ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μλ€. κ³ κ°μ΄ κ³μ°μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
νμ§ μκ³ κ°μ μ μΌλ‘ λͺ°μ
λ μ μλλ‘ λ
Έλ ₯ν΄μΌ λ°±νμ μμ μ ννλ €λ μλλ₯Ό μ€μΌ μ μμ κ²μ΄λ€. λν μ¬λ¬ μ ν΅ μ±λκ³Όμ κ²½μμμ μ΄μλ¨κΈ° μν΄ μλΉμλ€μ΄ μ¬λ¬ μ±λμ μ νμ μΌλ‘ μ΄μ©νλ νλμ μ΄ν΄νμ¬ μ λ΅μ μ립ν΄μΌ νλ€.μ 1 μ₯ μ λ‘ 1
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± 1
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ 5
μ 2 μ₯ μ΄λ‘ μ λ°°κ²½ 6
μ 1 μ μ ν¬ μμ± 6
1. μ ν¬ μμ±μ κ°λ
6
2. μ ν¬ μμ± κ΅¬μ±μμΈ 7
μ 2 μ λ§μ‘±κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘± 9
1. λ§μ‘±κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ κ°λ
9
2. λ§μ‘±κ³Ό λΆλ§μ‘±μ λΉλμΉ κ΅¬μ‘° 11
μ 3 μ κ΄κ³λ§μΌν
κ³Ό λͺ°μ
13
1. κ΄κ³λ§μΌν
13
2. λͺ°μ
μ κ°λ
14
3. κ°μ μ λͺ°μ
κ³Ό κ³μ°μ λͺ°μ
15
μ 4 μ μ νμλμ λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλ 19
1. μ νμλ 19
2. λ©ν°μ±λ μ΄μ©μλ 21
μ 3 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ² λ° μ μ°¨ 23
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ λ° μ°κ΅¬λͺ¨ν 23
1. μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ 23
2. μ°κ΅¬λͺ¨ν 26
μ 2 μ μ€μ¦μ μ°κ΅¬λ°©λ² λ° μ μ°¨ 27
1. μΈ‘μ λꡬ 28
2. μλ£ μμ§κ³Ό νλ³Έ λΆμ 33
3. λΆμ λ°©λ² 38
μ 4 μ₯ κ²°κ³Ό λ° λ
Όμ 39
μ 1 μ μΈ‘μ νλΉμ± κ²μ¦ 39
1. μ§λ¨ κ° λλ±μ± κ²μ¦ 40
2. λΆλΆ λͺ¨νμ νμΈμ μμΈλΆμ 43
3. μΈ‘μ λͺ¨νμ ꡬμ±μ²΄ νλΉλ 50
4. μ 체 μΈ‘μ λͺ¨νμ λν νμΈμ μμΈλΆμ 53
μ 2 μ ꡬ쑰방μ μ κ²μ¦ 56
1. ꡬ쑰방μ μ λͺ¨νλΆμ κ²°κ³Ό 56
μ 5 μ₯ κ²°λ‘ λ° μ μΈ 62
μ 1 μ μμ½ λ° κ²°λ‘ 62
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ μμ¬μ 66
1. μ°κ΅¬μ νλ¬Έμ μμ¬μ 66
2. μ°κ΅¬μ μ€λ¬΄μ μμ¬μ 68
μ 3 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ λ° νμμ°κ΅¬μ λν μ μΈ 70
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 71
λΆλ‘ 79Maste
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