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    δ»£ε„Ÿθ«‹ζ±‚ζ¬Šμ— λŒ€ν•œ ζ‰Ήεˆ€ηš„ θ€ƒε―Ÿ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :법학과 민법전곡,2001.Maste

    μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 보호λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ

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    이 논문은, μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 λ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·œμœ¨ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•œμ§€ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ λ³΄ν˜Έλ°©λ²•μ΄ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ€ 1953λ…„ νŒκ²°μ—μ„œ 처음 μΈμ •λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , 1977λ…„ μ—°λ°© λŒ€λ²•μ› νŒκ²°μ—μ„œλ„ μΈμ •λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ—°λ°©μ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 각 μ£ΌλŠ” νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ νƒœλ„λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 주체와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬, 유λͺ…인은 λ¬Όλ‘  λΉ„μœ λͺ…μΈμ˜ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒλ„ κΈμ •λ˜λ‚˜, 법인 λ“± λ‹¨μ²΄μ˜ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ€ λΆ€μ •λœλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ ꢁ극적 λ³΄ν˜ΈλŒ€μƒμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  κ°€μΉ˜λΌκ³  ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” 이름, μ΄ˆμƒ λ“± μ˜μƒ, λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬ λ“± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 μžˆλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ€ λ°œμƒ λ‹Ήμ‹œλΆ€ν„° 양도가λŠ₯ν•œ ꢌ리둜 μ—¬κ²¨μ‘Œκ³ , 이후에도 이에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ³„λ‘œ λ‹€νˆ¬μ–΄μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. ν•™μ„€κ³Ό νŒλ‘€λ„ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 양도성을 κΈμ •ν•˜λ©°, λͺ‡λͺ‡ 주의 법λ₯ μ€ 이λ₯Ό λͺ…μ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ κ·œμ •ν•œλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ μ΄μš©ν—ˆλ½λ„ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 배타적 μ΄μš©ν—ˆλ½μ„ μ·¨λ“ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 제3자λ₯Ό μƒλŒ€λ‘œ μ†Œλ₯Ό μ œκΈ°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 사망 ν›„ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ€, νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ΄ μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμ΄λΌλŠ” 점, 이λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ •μ±…μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 점 등을 λ…Όκ±°λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. 사망 ν›„ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ„ μΈμ •ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 이λ₯Έλ°” 생전 이용 μš”κ±΄μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•œμ§€μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬, ν•™μ„€μ˜ λ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” λΉ„νŒμ μ΄λ©°, νŒλ‘€μ™€ 각 주의 법λ₯ λ„ 이 μš”κ±΄μ„ μ±„νƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. 사망 ν›„ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 쑴속기간에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬, ν•™μ„€μ˜ λ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” μ €μž‘κΆŒμ˜ 쑴속기간을 μœ μΆ”μ μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것에 μ°¬μ„±ν•˜λ‚˜, 각 주의 법λ₯ μ€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 기간을 κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒ 침해에 λŒ€ν•œ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ κΈˆμ§€λͺ…λ Ή, 손해배상청ꡬ와 μ΄μ΅λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬, μ§•λ²Œμ  손해배상 등이 μΈμ •λœλ‹€. μ†ν•΄λ°°μƒμ˜ λ‚΄μš©μœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ›κ³ μ˜ λ™μΌμ„±μ˜ 이용이 κ°–λŠ” κ³΅μ •ν•œ μ‹œμž₯ κ°€μΉ˜μ— μƒλ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 손해, μž₯래의 κ³΅ν‘œκ°€μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 손해, μ •μ •κ΄‘κ³  λΉ„μš©μ˜ 손해 등이 μΈμ •λœλ‹€. λ…μΌμ—μ„œλŠ” μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ λ³΄ν˜Έλ°©λ²•μ΄ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. λ…μΌμ˜ 경우, κ°œλ³„ 법λ₯ μ΄ κ°œλ³„μ  μΈκ²©κΆŒμ„ κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  있으며, 일반적 μΈκ²©κΆŒμ€ 기본법에 κ·Όκ±°ν•˜μ—¬ νŒλ‘€λ₯Ό 톡해 μΈμ •λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³΄ν˜Έν•  것인지에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ”, μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡의 보호λ₯Ό κΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 견해가 λ‹€μˆ˜λ‘œ 보이며, νŒλ‘€λ„ 같은 μž…μž₯을 μ·¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ…μΌμ˜ νŒλ‘€λŠ” 인격ꢌ의 양도λ₯Ό λΆ€μ •ν•˜λ©΄μ„œλ„, μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— κ·Όκ±°ν•˜μ—¬ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€μ˜ 상업적 μ΄μš©μ— κ΄€ν•œ κΆŒν•œμ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν—ˆμš©ν•˜κ³ , μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κΆŒν•œμ„ 제3μžμ™€μ˜ 관계에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œλ„ 비ꡐ적 λ‘ν…κ²Œ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 학섀도 인격ꢌ의 양도성을 λΆ€μ •ν•˜λ‚˜, 인격ꢌ의 λ³΄μœ μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€μ˜ 상업적 μ΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ±„κΆŒμ  ν—ˆλ½μ„ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μΈμ •ν•œλ‹€. μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 물ꢌ적 이용ꢌ λΆ€μ—¬κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 견해도 μžˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ 경우, κ·Έ 관념적 이읡에 λŒ€ν•œ λ³΄ν˜ΈλŠ” νŒλ‘€μ™€ ν•™μ„€ λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡의 λ³΄ν˜Έμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬, νŒλ‘€λŠ” 인격ꢌ의 μž¬μ‚°κ°€μΉ˜ μžˆλŠ” 뢀뢄을 μΈμ •ν•˜κ³  κ·Έ 상속성을 κΈμ •ν•œλ‹€. 학섀도 이에 μ°¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 견해가 λ§Žλ‹€. 인격ꢌ의 μž¬μ‚°κ°€μΉ˜ μžˆλŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ³΄ν˜ΈκΈ°κ°„μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ”, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 견해가 μ£Όμž₯되고 μžˆμœΌλ‚˜, μ €μž‘κΆŒλ²•μ— μ˜κ±°ν•˜μ—¬ 사망 ν›„ 70년을 μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” 견해가 λ‹€μˆ˜λ‘œ 보인닀. μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 경우, κ·Έ 인격ꢌ 침해에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ°©ν•΄λ°°μ œμ²­κ΅¬μ™€ λΆ€μž‘μœ„μ²­κ΅¬, λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬, 뢀진정사무관리 κ·œμ •μ— μ˜ν•œ μ΄μ΅λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬, λΆˆλ²•ν–‰μœ„μ— μ˜ν•œ 손해배상청ꡬ 등이 μΈμ •λœλ‹€. ν”Όν•΄μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€μ˜ μ΄μš©μ„ ν—ˆμš©ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ •λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λ„ λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 견해가 λ§ŽμœΌλ‚˜, 손해배상청ꡬλ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 견해가 λŒ€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλŠ”, μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡에 κ΄€ν•˜μ—¬, νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 보호λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•œ 판결과 μ΄ˆμƒκΆŒ λ“± μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 보호λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•œ 판결이 λͺ¨λ‘ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€. ν•™μ„€μ—μ„œλ„, νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 보호λ₯Ό μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” 견해와 μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 보호λ₯Ό μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” 견해가 λŒ€λ¦½ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μΈκ²©κΆŒμ€ 인격의 자유둜운 λ°œν˜„μ„ μœ„ν•œ κΆŒλ¦¬λ‘œμ„œ, κ·Έ μ€‘μ‹¬μ—λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ μ‘΄μ—„μ„±μ΄λΌλŠ” κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡은, 인격의 λ°œν˜„κ³Ό 직접 관련될 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μΈκ°„μ˜ μ‘΄μ—„μ„±κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œλ„ 문제λ₯Ό μ•ΌκΈ°ν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ, 인격ꢌ의 λ³΄ν˜Έλ²”μœ„μ— ν¬ν•¨λ˜κ³  λ”°λΌμ„œ μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ κ·œμœ¨λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ„ λ…λ¦½λœ μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 것은 인격ꢌ의 λ‚΄μš© 쀑 일뢀λ₯Ό λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ λ…λ¦½λœ ꢌ리둜 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ‚˜, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 법적 ꡬ성은 λΆˆν•„μš”ν•˜κ³  λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€λ₯Ό μƒμ—…μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 보호λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒ 자체λ₯Ό μ–‘λ„ν•˜λŠ” 것은, κ·Έ λͺ©μ μ— λΉ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ§€λ‚˜μΉ˜κ²Œ κ³Όλ„ν•œ 법적 방법을 μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 양도λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λ©΄ μ›λž˜μ˜ ꢌ리 주체가 μžμ‹ μ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€μ˜ 상업적 μ΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ ꢌ리λ₯Ό μƒμ‹€ν•˜λŠ” λΆ€λ‹Ήν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄ˆλž˜ν•œλ‹€. 인격ꢌ 쀑 μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ™„μ „ν•œ 양도 μ—­μ‹œ λΆ€μ •λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. 인격ꢌ의 μ΄μš©ν—ˆλ½μ€ 인정될 수 μžˆλ‹€. 인격ꢌ의 독점적 μ΄μš©ν—ˆλ½μ„ 받은 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 제3자의 μΉ¨ν•΄ν–‰μœ„μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ 제3μžμ— μ˜ν•œ μ±„κΆŒμΉ¨ν•΄λ₯Ό μ£Όμž₯ν•  수 있으며, 직접 κΈˆμ§€μ²­κ΅¬κΆŒμ„ 행사할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€, μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ 물ꢌ적 이용ꢌ λΆ€μ—¬λŠ” 인격ꢌ의 뢀뢄적 μ–‘λ„λ‘œμ„œ ν—ˆμš©λ  수 μžˆμœΌλ‚˜, μ΄λŠ” μž…λ²•μœΌλ‘œ λ’·λ°›μΉ¨λ˜λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ˜ 법적 성격을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·œμ •ν•˜λŠ”κ°€μ— 따라 μƒμ†μ„±μ˜ 인정 μ—¬λΆ€κ°€ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ κ²°μ •λœλ‹€κ³  λ³Ό μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μœΌλ©°, 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ 이읡을 λ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ μ–΄λ–€ λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ λ³΄ν˜Έν•  κ²ƒμΈκ°€μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€. μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ μΈκ²©κΆŒμ€ μΈκ°„μ˜ 쑴엄성을 보μž₯ν•˜λŠ” λ²”μœ„ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ μΈμ •λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ μΈκ²©κΆŒμ€ 인격의 자유둜운 λ°œν˜„μ„ μœ„ν•œ κΆŒλ¦¬λΌλŠ” μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μ—†μ–΄ μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 성격을 더 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ 가지고, μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μΉ¨ν•΄ν–‰μœ„μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ 효과적 λ°©μ–΄κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ, 인격ꢌ 쀑 μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 상속성을 인정할 수 μžˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λ§μžμ˜ 관념적 이읡 보호λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κΆŒλ¦¬μ™€ μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡 보호λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κΆŒλ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ 상속인이 행사할 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  보아야 ν•  것이닀. 인격ꢌ 쀑 μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 뢀뢄은, μ €μž‘κΆŒλ²•μ˜ κ·œμ •μ„ μœ μΆ”ν•˜μ—¬, 사망 ν›„ 70λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‘΄μ†ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 보아야 ν•  것이닀. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒ 침해에 λŒ€ν•œ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ κΈˆμ§€μ²­κ΅¬, μž¬μ‚°μ  μ†ν•΄μ˜ 배상청ꡬ, λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬κ°€ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. νŒλ‘€λŠ” 정신적 μ†ν•΄μ˜ 배상청ꡬλ₯Ό 사싀상 λΆ€μ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ™μΌμ„±μ˜ μ΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ°–λŠ” κ²°μ •κΆŒμ΄ μΉ¨ν•΄λœ 것에 μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ 정신적 고톡이 λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ, μ΄λŠ” λΆ€λ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€. νŒλ‘€μ˜ νƒœλ„μ— μ˜ν•˜λ©΄, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성을 λ¬΄λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ μƒμ—…μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ©° 였히렀 이λ₯Ό μ‘°μž₯ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 인격ꢌ이 μΉ¨ν•΄λœ 경우, κΈˆμ§€μ²­κ΅¬, μž¬μ‚°μ  손해와 정신적 μ†ν•΄μ˜ 배상청ꡬ, λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ°˜ν™˜μ²­κ΅¬κ°€ μΈμ •λœλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ΄ˆμƒκΆŒ λ“± 인격ꢌ μΉ¨ν•΄λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•œ 판결 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ 정신적 μ†ν•΄μ˜ λ°°μƒμ²­κ΅¬λ§Œ μΈμ •ν•œ 것은 λΆ€λ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€. 정신적 μ†ν•΄μ˜ 배상청ꡬλ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ™μΌμ„±ν‘œμ§€λ₯Ό λ¬΄λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ” ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°λŠ₯도 κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ‹€. κ²°κ΅­, μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 동일성이 κ°–λŠ” μž¬μ‚°μ  이읡에 λŒ€ν•œ κ·œμœ¨μ€ μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€. νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒμ„ λ…λ¦½λœ μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λΆ€λ‹Ήν•˜λ©°, νΌλΈ”λ¦¬μ‹œν‹°κΆŒ κ°œλ…μ€ 인격ꢌ의 ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μœΌλ‘œ μ΄ν•΄λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. 이에 κ΄€ν•œ μž…λ²•μ€ μΈκ²©κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•œ λ³΄ν˜Έκ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 ν™•μΈν•˜κ³  각 μŸμ μ‚¬ν•­μ„ κ·œμœ¨ν•˜λŠ” ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ λ―Όλ²•μ—μ„œ ν–‰ν•΄μ§€λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€.This dissertation studies the legal methods to protect the commercial interests of a person's identity with aims of providing appropriate legal protection in Korea. To achieve this purpose, the study examines the related legal regulations of two countries; United States and Germany. In the United States, the commercial interests of one's identity is protected under the right of publicity, while, in Germany it is protected under personality rights. Looking at the judgements in Korea, some of them have applied the right of publicity in protecting the commercial interests of a person's identity and others have adopted the idea of personality rights. Such division also exists in the theoretical opinions on protecting commercial interests of a person's identity. Personality rights pursue free development of personality based on the value of human dignity. The commercial interests of a person's identity is directly associated with the development of personality and it can raise problems in regard to human dignity. Therefore, the commercial interests of a person's identity should be protected under personality rights. Otherwise, the right of publicity becomes a separate and independent property right, which is not only unnecessary but also undesirable in legal composition. Transferring the right of publicity to protect the person who commercially uses another's identity is an excessive legal method considering its purpose. This can bring about undue result that a person loses the right over the commercial use of his or her own identity. Also, the part of personality rights which protects the commercial interests of a person's identity cannot be transferred as a whole. However, a person can permit the commercial use of his or her own identity and a licensee is entitled to damages when his or her exclusive right is intentionally infringed upon by others and also able to claim the injunction. Furthermore, it is possible to grant a license like a real right as a partial transfer of personality rights and there should be relevant legislation established to regulate the license. The personality rights of decedents should be recognized in terms of protecting human dignity. Personality rights of decedents no longer have aspect of free development of personality, so that it is considered more like property right and effective defense is necessary against appropriation of the decedent's identity. Therefore, the part of personality rights which protects commercial interests of a person's identity can be inherited. A legal heir should attain the right to protect both non-material interests and commercial interests of decedent. The part of personality rights protecting the commercial interests of a person's identity should be recognized during the subject's life and for additional 70 years posthumously on the analogy of regulations of copyright law. When the part of personality rights protecting commercial interests is infringed, there could be remedies such as injunctions, damages for pecuniary and non-pecuniary loss, and restitution of unjust enrichment. Most judgements protecting commercial interests of human identity under the personality rights have recognized only non-pecuniary loss. However, it would be more appropriate to include the pecuniary loss in legal recognitions in addition to the non-pecuniary loss. Damages for non-pecuniary loss could help prevent the appropriation of a person's identity. Commercial interests of a person's identity in Korea should be protected under the personality rights. The right of publicity should be understood within the concept of the personality rights and relevant regulations should be enacted in civil law.Docto
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