4 research outputs found

    ๋Œ€์šฉ์–ธ '๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ(ํ•˜)-'์˜ ์—ญํ–‰ ๋Œ€์šฉ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ่ˆน้ซ” ไธŠไธ‹ๆŒฏๅ‹•ๆ‡‰็ญ”์˜ ่จญ่จˆ ๅˆๆœŸ ็ฐก็•ฅๅŒ– ่งฃๆž

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ๅคงๅญธ้™ข :้€ ่ˆนๆตทๆด‹ๅทฅๅญธ็ง‘,1995.Maste

    ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ตญ์–ด๊ตญ๋ฌธํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ๋ฌธ์ˆ™์˜.๋ณธ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ํ˜•์‹๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ž€ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘๊ณผ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์  ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ™”์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๊ณ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์€ ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์งˆ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด์  ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ โ€˜์™„ํ™”โ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋™๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณธ๊ณ ๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฐ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„, ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ทธ ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ช…์ œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ฐœํ™” ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ ฅ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ช…์ œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ช…์ œ์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๊ฐœ์ฒด๋‚˜ ์ˆ ์–ด์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ์ง€์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ์ ˆํ•˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ์ง€์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์ง€์‹œ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•œ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ํ™”์ž์˜ ์ธ์‹์  ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ ˆํ•˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ ์–ด์˜ ์ •๋„์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ž„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ํž˜์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ •๋„์„ฑ์„ ์ ˆํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์„ฑ์„ ์ ˆํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฐœํ™” ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ ฅ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ™”ํ–‰์˜ ์ ์ •์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์„ฑ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™”ํ–‰์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์–ธํ–‰์œ„์™€ ์ง€์‹œํ–‰์œ„์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํ™”ํ–‰์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฐ ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋•Œ์—, ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ž‰์—ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ์— ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ํž˜์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ™”ํ–‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•จ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ โ€˜๋‚˜/๋„ˆ-์—ฌ๊ธฐ-์ง€๊ธˆโ€™์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ฐœํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœํ™”์™€ ํ™”์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งบ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœํ™”์˜ ํž˜์„ ์™„ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™”์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ฒญ์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ถ•์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฒญ์ž์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ƒ์˜ ์กฐ์ •์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ํ•™์Šต์ž์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.The primary purpose of this study is to classify mitigating devices in the Korean language and describe their forms and functions. Mitigating devices are linguistic means employed by speakers to attenuate the utterance so as to avoid incurring unnecessary risks and responsibilities. This study is specifically concerned with mitigation by formally heterogeneous devices. Mitigating devices are presented systematically according to their scope: mitigation on (1) propositional content, (2) illocutionary force, and (3) deictic center. Mitigation on propositional content focuses on referents or predicates. This class of mitigation can be subdivided into vague reference and understatement. The imprecision of vague reference triggers inferences about the speakerโ€™s indeterminacy, weakening the speakerโ€™s commitment to the truth of the proposition. Understatement de-intensifies the proposition itself by reducing the degree or absoluteness of the propositional content. Mitigation on illocutionary force focuses on felicity conditions of speech acts. Two primary speech acts are examined: assertive and directive, which are related to epistemic and deontic modality, respectively. For each speech act, two felicity conditions can be modulated: preparatory condition or sincerity condition. Mitigating effects are produced when the preparatory condition is weakened or the sincerity condition is reinforced. Mitigation on deictic center focuses on the source of the utterance act (ego-hic-nunc). The shift of deictic center is investigated in terms of its participants and spatio-temporal aspects. Deictic shifts detach the utterance from its deictic center, increasing the distance between the utterance and the interlocutors, which as a result, increases the distance between the interlocutors themselves. The current study can serve as a basis for analyzing different kinds of texts that involve management of interaction. The mitigating devices investigated here should also be taken into account for Korean language education because they play a crucial role in mediating social interactions.1. ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  1 1.2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ 3 1.3. ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 5 1.3.1. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 6 1.3.2. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์›๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 11 1.4. ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 14 2. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ๋…ผ์˜ 16 2.1. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ 16 2.1.1. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 16 2.1.2. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ์ธ์ ‘ ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 19 2.1.3. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 23 2.2. ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ 31 2.2.1. ๋ช…์ œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 33 2.2.2. ๋ฐœํ™” ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ ฅ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 36 2.2.3. ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 39 3. ๋ช…์ œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 47 3.1. ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ์ง€์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 47 3.1.1. ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ ์ง€์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 48 3.1.1.1. ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 48 3.1.1.2. ์–ดํœ˜์  ์ˆ˜๋‹จ 59 3.1.1.3. ๋น„ํ•œ์ • ์ง€์‹œ 69 3.1.2. ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ์ง€์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 74 3.1.2.1. ๋ณ‘์น˜ 75 3.1.2.2. ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„ 76 3.1.2.3. ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ธ์ ‘์„ฑ ํ‘œํ˜„ 76 3.1.2.4. ์ผ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ธ์ ‘์„ฑ ํ‘œํ˜„ 79 3.1.2.5. ๋น„ํ•œ์ • ์ˆ˜๊ด€ํ˜•์‚ฌ 82 3.1.3. ๋ชจํ˜ธ์„ฑ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ ์ง€๋„ 83 3.2. ์ ˆํ•˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 87 3.2.1. ์ •๋„์„ฑ ์ ˆํ•˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 87 3.2.1.1. ์ง€์†Œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 87 3.2.1.2. ์ •๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ 88 3.2.1.3. ํ†ต์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ€์ • 93 3.2.1.4. ์ƒ์œ„์–ธ์–ด์  ๋น„๊ต ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 94 3.2.2. ์ ˆ๋Œ€์„ฑ ์ ˆํ•˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 95 3.2.2.1. ๋นˆ๋„๋ถ€์‚ฌ 95 3.2.2.2. ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œํ˜„ 96 3.2.2.3. '-๋Š”/์„ N์ด ์žˆ-' ๋ฅ˜ 98 4. ๋ฐœํ™” ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ ฅ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 101 4.1. ๋‹จ์–ธํ–‰์œ„์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 102 4.1.1. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 103 4.1.1.1. ๋ฐœํ™”ํ–‰์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„ 104 4.1.1.2. ์ถ”์ธก ํ‘œํ˜„ 106 4.1.1.3. ๋ง์„ค์ž„ ํ‘œ์ง€ 108 4.1.1.4. ํ™•์ธ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ 112 4.1.2. ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 118 4.2. ์ง€์‹œํ–‰์œ„์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 121 4.2.1. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 123 4.2.1.1. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ 123 4.2.1.2. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ • 125 4.2.1.3. '-์–ด ๋ณด-' 127 4.2.1.4. '-๋„๋ก ํ•˜-' ๋ฅ˜ 129 4.2.1.5. ๋‹ดํ™”ํ‘œ์ง€ ์ข€ 132 4.2.2. ์ง„์‹ค์„ฑ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 134 4.2.2.1. '-(์—ˆ)์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ' ๋ฅ˜ 134 4.2.2.2. '-์–ด ์ฃผ-' 135 4.2.2.3. ๋ฐœํ™”ํ–‰์œ„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 137 5. ํ™”์‹œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 140 5.1. ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 141 5.1.1. ํ™”์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 142 5.1.1.1. 1์ธ์นญ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ 143 5.1.1.2. ๋ฌด์ •๋ฌผ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ 145 5.1.1.3. ์ธ์šฉ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 147 5.1.1.4. ์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ์šฉ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 149 5.1.1.5. ์ƒ์œ„ํ™”์ž์˜ ๋„์ž… 150 5.1.1.6. ํ”ผ๋™ ํ‘œํ˜„ 152 5.1.2. ์ฒญ์ž์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 154 5.1.2.1. 1์ธ์นญ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ 154 5.1.2.2. ์ฒญ์œ ํ˜• ์ง€์‹œ 155 5.1.2.3. 1์ธ์นญ ์˜๋„ ์–ด๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ 156 5.1.2.4. ์ด์นญ์  ์ง€์‹œ 157 5.1.2.5. ํ”ผ๋™ ํ‘œํ˜„ 158 5.2. ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์™„ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„ 159 5.2.1. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ 160 5.2.2. ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ 162 6. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  164 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 167 ABSTRACT 181Maste
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