24 research outputs found

    (An)Ethnographic study on possibility and limitation of physical education classes at a special school for the mental retardation

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ฒด์œก๊ต์œก๊ณผ,2007.Docto

    ๋ฒผ ํ’ˆ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์˜จ๋„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋†์—…์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‹๋ฌผ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€(์ž‘๋ฌผ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต),2020. 2. ๊ณ ํฌ์ข….Inter-subspecific breeding, one of the most basic and practical methods of improvement of crop varieties, which assemble desirable alleles between them based on homologous recombination. Along with recombination, there are also existed unexpected phenotypic variation, segregation distortion. An understanding of the patterns of recombination frequency and segregation distortion is important for prediction of the phenotypic variation in the progenies. Meiotic crossover is mechanistically essential for ensuring proper chromosome segregation and offsprings gain novel combinations through recombination. Thus, recombiantion is important factor in the aspects of life cycles and evolution. Numerous research have shown that environmental factor especially temperature, would influence on the variation of recombination. In rice, previous research already reported that temperature stress affected on recombination frequency. However, they were used only three or four samples, indicating that it needs to confirm complementary test on recombination frequency. On the other hands, relationship between temperature stress and segregation distortion are largely unknown. Here, we confirmed that recombination frequency affected along with temperature stress using up to 100 samples. Recombination frequency decreased about 4% at lower temperature and increased maximum 10% at higher temperature on chromosome level. Also, segregation distortion were alleviated at exposure of heat stress. This work would be helpful for understanding of hybrid rice breeding to predict phenotypic variation.์•„์ข…๊ฐ„ ๊ต๋ฐฐ๋Š” ํ’ˆ์ข… ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„  ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ „์ž ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•œ๋‹ค. ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ˜•์˜ ๋ณ€์ด์ธ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋น„ ์™œ๊ณกํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ„๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋นˆ๋„์™€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋น„ ์™œ๊ณก ํ˜„์ƒ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ์ž์†์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ˜• ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ, ํŠนํžˆ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋นˆ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฒผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜จ๋„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์œ ์ „์ž ์žฌ์กฐํ™˜ ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, 3๊ฐœ์—์„œ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•  ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๋Œ€ 140๊ฐœ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ๋„์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์œ ์ „์ž ์žฌ์กฐํ™˜์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ 4% ์œ ์ „์ž ์กฐํ™˜๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†’์€ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 10% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ์˜จ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋  ๋•Œ ์•„์ข…๊ฐ„์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋น„ ์™œ๊ณกํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์™„ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žก์ข… ๊ต๋ฐฐ์‹œ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ˜• ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.INTRODUCTION 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 7 1. Plant materials and Temperature treatment 7 2. Pollen viability test and Seed fertility 8 3. DNA extraction and Genome wide SNP marker alignments 8 4. Indel marker developments and Genotyping 13 5. Data anaylsis 16 6. Crossover Counting 16 RESULTS 17 1. Pollen viability and Seed fertlity 17 2. Crossover increase along with temperature on chr 1 3. Kasalath / Nipponbare fluidigm genotyping results 20 4. Segregation distortion alleviated at heat stress condition 29 5. Relationship among recombination frequency and segregation distortion and temperature stress 33 DISCUSSION 35 REFERENCE 41 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 45Maste
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