Effects of mowing plus waterlogging on germination and seedling growth of Spartina alterniflora

互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)是我国危害最严重的外来入侵植物之一,探索环保、经济、有效地防治互花米草的技术对保护我国海滩生态环境具有重要意义。本研究通过人工气候室(20~25℃)的盆栽实验,研究刈割与淹水对互花米草萌发和幼苗生长的影响。实验持续4个月,对互花米草地上部分进行了2次刈割,首次刈割是在互花米草生长季结束时,3个月后进行第二次刈割。首次刈割后持续淹水至实验结束,淹水处理设计0、5、10、20 cm四个淹水深度。首次刈割后各淹水处理互花米草根茎上迅速萌发克隆苗,种子的萌发比克隆苗晚约3个月。不同淹水深度对克隆苗的萌发和生长均有抑制作用,克隆苗株数、株高和地上生物量均随淹水深度增加而减少。第二次刈割后各淹水处理均没有再萌发克隆苗,但有少量种子实生苗,其中20 cm水深处理的实生苗数量最少。刈割加淹水可以很好地抑制互花米草的萌发和幼苗生长,据此建议互花米草防治方案为:在春季萌芽前,修筑堤坝,保持淹水20 cm,在营养生长期后期贴地刈割互花米草,继续淹水,第二年重复同样的刈割和淹水。为防止二次入侵,需要在邻近的互花米草分布区同时进行治理。&nbsp;</p

Effects of mechanical and chemical control on invasive Spartina alterniflora in the Yellow River Delta, China

Spartina alterniflora is one of the most noxious invasive plants in China and many other regions. Exploring environmentally friendly, economic and effective techniques for controlling Spartina alterniflora is of great significance for the management of coastal wetlands. In the present study, different approaches, including mowing and waterlogging, mowing and tilling and herbicide application, were used to control Spartina alterniflora. The results suggest that the integrated approach of mowing and waterlogging could eradicate Spartina alterniflora, the herbicide haloxyfop-r-methyl could kill almost all the Spartina alterniflora, and the integrated approach of mowing and tilling at the end of the growing season was a perfect way to inhibit the germination of Spartina alterniflora in the following year. However, no matter which control approach is adopted, secondary invasion of Spartina alterniflora must be avoided. Otherwise, all the efforts will be wasted in a few years

Control of invasive Spartina alterniflora：A review

互花米草在其原产地具有保滩护堤、促淤造陆等生态功能,但在被引入其他地区后,常给当地生态系统带来诸多负面影响,因此,互花米草常被视为入侵种,对互花米草的入侵性以及防控方面的研究成为一大热点.本研究从物理防治、化学防治、生物防治、生物替代防治、综合防治和防控策略6个方面综述了互花米草防治的最新研究进展,对各类措施的理论基础、技术方案、防治效果和环境影响等方面进行了分析,指出了现有防治技术的不足,并提出生态风险分区防控等建议

Control of invasive Spartina alterniflora: A review

互花米草在其原产地具有保滩护堤、促淤造陆等生态功能,但在被引入其他地区后,常给当地生态系统带来诸多负面影响,因此,互花米草常被视为入侵种,对互花米草的入侵性以及防控方面的研究成为一大热点.本研究从物理防治、化学防治、生物防治、生物替代防治、综合防治和防控策略6个方面综述了互花米草防治的最新研究进展,对各类措施的理论基础、技术方案、防治效果和环境影响等方面进行了分析,指出了现有防治技术的不足,并提出生态风险分区防控等建议</p

Resource utilization of invasive Spartina alterniflora: A review

In China, Spartina alterniflora, an invasive alien plant species, covers an area of approximately 54 600 hectares. The total dry matter of the aboveground part of S. alterniflora is 7.5*10~5~1.15*10~6 tons per year. The control and utilization of S. alterniflora have received increasing attention. A combined utilization and control approach could produce simultaneous economic and ecological benefits. Studies of the utilization of S. alterniflora in China tended to focus on the direct utilization of straw, including its use as fuel, feed, and raw material. These methods of utilization were generally low-value. Possible high-value utilization includes the medicinal value of S. alterniflora and its salt-tolerant genes. In all the studies, the largest proportion (43%) of straw was utilized as fuel, whereas the smallest proportion (approximately 8%) was utilized for other purposes, such as fertilizer and for its salt-tolerant genes. Previous studies have focused on utilization technologies, but they have not looked at S. alterniflora collection technology and market promotion. In the future, attention should be paid to every link of the industry chain of S. alterniflora utilization, and cooperation between research institutions and enterprises is essential for the synchronous development of industry, education, and research

Resource utilization of invasive Spartina alterniflora: A review

外来入侵种互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)在我国的分布面积约为5.46万hm~2,每年地上干物质总量为7.5×10~5~1.15×10~6 t,其防治与利用受到越来越多的关注,若能将二者结合起来同时进行,可望收获生态和经济双重收益。我国对互花米草利用的研究主要为对秸秆的直接利用,包括燃料化利用、饲料化利用、原料化利用,这些利用方式一般为低值化利用,另有研究涉及互花米草的药用价值和耐盐基因等高值化利用。在所有利用研究中,秸秆燃料化利用占比最大,为43%,秸秆肥料化利用和耐盐基因等其他利用形式的占比最小,合计约为8%。总体而言,过去对互花米草利用的研究集中于加工利用技术这一环节,缺少对互花米草收集技术和市场化推广的研究,未来应该重视互花米草利用产业链的每一个环节,加强研究机构与企业的合作,实现产学研同步配套发展

Crawler grass chopper

本实用新型公开了履带碎草机，涉及碎草机技术领域，该设备包括履带机，所述履带机的一端设有力挖铲，固定机构的内部设有将互花米草打碎的碎草机构。本实用新型通过设置力挖铲和浮筒，可以使履带机在易陷滩涂中行驶时，操作力挖铲将其插入泥中，力挖铲往后发力，可辅助履带机向前移动，同时，履带机两侧装有浮筒，使履带机不会在易陷滩涂中陷车，进一步提高履带机在泥滩中的通行能力，达到了履带机在易陷滩涂中的通行能力更好的效果，从而解决现有互花米草治理设备容易陷车的难题，本实用新型中设置碎草机构, 启动驱动电机带动连接杆进行转动时使圆盘刀进行转动，通过定刀与转动的圆盘刀相配合，从而打碎防护罩下的互花米草，对其进行碎草治理