AdaptationTrial for Kyoho Grapevines in Southern Taiwan

早在十多年前，高屏地區即有零星農友試栽葡萄，然因春季萌芽率及枝條帶花率低且花穗小，造成低產與不穩定的現象，而告失敗。惟部分農友深信，高屏地區冬、春溫暖且乾燥之氣候條件，是具有生產早市水果，以應市場需求之潛力。因此，民間自行發展高屏地區早春葡萄之努力從未間斷，而造成農友金錢上之損失。本場為探討造成產量低且不穩定之真正原因，並研究一套可行之方法，以提供及輔導農友正常生產，乃進行芽體分化調查與休剪催芽試驗。 試驗結果顯示：在10月中旬至翌年1月中旬間進行修剪催芽，可於2月至6月間收穫糖度達16˚Brix以上之巨峰葡萄，惟產量方面尚不穩定。而1月下旬催芽之萌芽率不但較1月上旬者高，且所需之2一氯乙醇濃度也較低。此外，以2月初修剪催芽後所萌發之枝梢為材料，發現芽體中花穗原始體分化數及發育大小，隨著枝梢發育之進展而增加，盛花後60天，各節位芽體之花穗原始體之發育已趨穩定，其中以第6至第18節位之芽體分化最佳。 Comparison with the central Taiwan, the potential for harvesting fruit earlier to meet the market needs in southern Taiwan is due mainly to the warm and dry climate conditions during winter season. Therefore, farmers tried to grow grapevines at Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas ten more years ago. However, the yield was low because of lower percentages of bud breaking and fruiting shoot, smaller clusters, and serious disease injuries which then caused the changing of planting locations and acreages within these areas. To investigate the causes for lower yield and hence to provide solutions, a series of trials on pruning and dormant bud breaking were conducted. Results showed that pruning starting from mid-October to January of next year, harvested between February and June, can produce good quality Kyoho grapevines (V. vinif era L. x V. labrusca Bailey) with 16 degree of brix for soluble solid. However, the yield was unstable. In the trials for breaking dormant bud, concentration of ethylene chlorohydrin required for breaking dormant bud in early January was higher than that in late January. The latter had a higher bud breaking percentage also. The progressive development of bunch primordia of buds on shoots pruned at early February was also studied. Both of the number and size of bunch primordia were increased as the growth stage proceeded. The development of bunch pri- mordia was steady begining from 60 days after full blooming. Well-differentiated buds which had higher fruiting potential were found from 6th to 18th nodes

不同時期修剪對巨峰葡萄果實品質之影響

本試驗以巨峰品種為材料，在高屏地區探討不同時期修剪對不同產期的葡萄果實品質之影響，其結果如下: 1.自73年10月至雴年1月份分別在每月中旬修剪、可生產2~6月之葡萄，而且果汁可溶性固形物均在16°Brix以上。 2.單穗重、單果重、果粒橫徑與縱徑均以1月修剪2月下旬至6月上旬採收這最高。果汁可溶性固形物及酸度則以12月修剪者最高，但種子數最少。 3.採收時結果之發育情形以12月修剪者較佳，11月修剪者發育不良，1月修剪者則生育太強，有徒長現象。The effects of pruning time on berry qualities of 〝Kyoho〞(Vitis vinifera L. ×Vitis labruscana Bailey) grape were investigated from Oct. 1984 to June 1985 in southern Taiwan. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The grapevines which were pruned monthly from Oct. 1984 to January 1985 yielded berries from Feb. to Jun. 1985 with the average of total soluble solids over 16° Brix. 2. Among all the fruits treated, the greatest fresh cluster weight fresh berry weight and diameter of berry occurred in the January pruned berries. However the highest total soluble solid total acidity of juice and the least average seeds number per berry were recorded in the December pruned grapevines. 3. The shoot growth which was measured at harvest varied with pruning time. The growth of Nov.-pruned shoots were rather weak but the Jan. pruned shoots were found over vigorous in growth

Physiological Approach to Wax-apple Trees under Flooding and Root Restriction

本試驗以盆栽粉紅種蓮霧為材料，探討淹水與限制根群對其生理與生化反 應之影響。試驗結果顯示:(1)淹水處理可有效抑制新梢及根部的生長量 。 (2) 蓮霧葉片之氣孔傳導度、二氧化碳交換速率、蒸散速率均在淹 水24小時內顯著下降，但停止淹水14天後可完全恢復到對照組的水平。又 淹水處理根部耗氧速率顯著下降。(3) 葉片澱粉含量在淹水14天後顯著高 於對照組，根部可溶性糖含量於淹水14天後顯著上升。葉片可溶性蛋白質 含量於淹 7天後顯著下降，但隨後與對照組無顯著差異；游離胺基酸及氨 態氮含量隨淹水天數增加而逐漸上升；麩醯胺合成酵素(GS)活性在淹水 7天時顯著下降，淹水28天後顯著高於對照組。根部可溶性蛋白質、游離 胺基酸、氨態氮含量、硝酸鹽還原酵素活性與GS活性等，在淹水逆境下均 顯著下降。(4)根部酒精脫氫酵素(ADH)活性隨淹水日數增加而上升，並誘 導生成三種ADH isozymes。經分離純化後三個isozymes以SDS-PAGE測定其 單元體之分子量均為41,700 daltons。(5) 根部新合成蛋白質二次元電泳 之螢光顯像分析結果顯示，與對照組相較之下淹水12、24、72及120 小時 之各處理 polypeptides合成增加者各有15、20、12及16個，合成被抑制 者則各有 5 B9、11及 5個。(6) 又將根群分別限制在40、90、200、730 及1700公升等不同大小的木箱中，經二年的生長調查結果顯示樹冠寬度、 主幹橫截面積、葉片數、葉面積、地上部總乾重及地下部乾重等均隨栽培 盆體積增加而增加，但枝╱根比在處理間則無顯著差異，顯示限制根群為 一有效抑制蓮霧枝梢及根部生長之方法。封面 蓮霧植株淹水逆境與根群限制下之生理探討 目錄 頁次 圖目錄 表目錄 第一章 緒言 第二章 淹水對蓮霧營養生長之影響 摘要 前言 材料與方法 結果 討論 Summary 第三章 淹水對蓮霧葉片氣體交換及根部耗氧速率之影響 摘要 前言 材料與方法 結果 討論 Summary 第四章 淹水對蓮霧葉片及根部碳水化合物及含氮化合物含量之影響 摘要 前言 材料與方法 Summary 第五章 蓮霧根部酒精脫氫酵素之純化與生化特性之探討 摘要 前言 材料與方法 結果 討論 Summary 第六章 淹水對蓮霧根部蛋白質合成之影響 滴要 前言 材料與方法 結果 討論 Summary 第七章 限制根群對蓮霧生長與發育之影響 摘要 前言 材料與方法 結果 討論 Summary 第八章 綜合討論 引用文獻 附錄一 附錄

A Linkage Analysis Of Stock Price Indices In Asia

[[abstract]]在全球化腳步行之久年，國際股市連動性增加、國際投資分散風險議題盛行。 本研究以經濟新報的亞洲指數，東亞和東南亞兩個經濟體系，做一細項的檢定，透過分段、分組方式探討此兩個區域國與國間之經濟關聯性。為深入研究各時期金融市場變動的狀況，故分三個子區間進行研究，冀能透過分段檢定了解經濟體系彼此間之關係。[[abstract]]Globalization has been an important issue for several years. It makes a more tight connection among international stocks markets. Since diversifying risks of international investment has become a popular topic, we want to examine that whether internationalinvestments can have more benefit

Leaf Nutrient Concentrations and Evironmental Factors in Relation to the Yield of Mango

Leaf samples of mango from Yuh-Jiing area were analyzed for 3 consecutive years. Concentrations of 7 elements were compares between samples from orchards of productive, non-productive and of different geographic areas (the plain and the slopeland). No definit trend was found for the elements analyzed in relation to the fruit yield. It is tentatively concluded that leaf nutrient-element condition was not the cause of unfruitfulness of mango, a prevailing phenomenon in the recent years. Other possible factors involved in unfruitfulness were also discussed

百喜草覆蓋對坡地檬果葉片要素濃度之影響

Mango leaf samples of Irwin, Haden and Zill collected from Hsing-Hua Experimental Station in January of 1977 and 1978 were analyzed for concentrations of 9 elements. Results showed that slight differences were found in the concentrations of N, K, Ca, Fe and Zn among the three varieties. The differences in the leaf concentration of the 8 elements between the sod treatment and the control were not significant for the two year period. The trend of iron was not clear