The Secondary Metabolites of Xylaria sp. NCY2 and Tubercularia sp. TF5 Isolated from Gymnosperm plants

摘要 植物内生菌指定殖在植物组织内部而又不引起直接和明显病症的一类微生物，是植物微生态系统中的天然组成成分。植物内生菌在进化过程中与宿主建立了和谐的关系，其次生代谢产物十分丰富，是强生理活性和新结构类型天然产物的丰富来源。 裸子植物是地球上最古老的木本植物，其中不乏药用植物，我国是裸子植物种类最多，资源最丰富的国家。对其内生真菌的研究将有利于我国微生物药物的开发和珍稀植物资源的保护。本文以福建省两种珍稀药用裸子植物红豆杉和长叶榧为对象，对其内生真菌次生代谢产物进行研究，旨在发现具有较高生物活性的结构新颖的化合物，为开发新的微生物药物奠定基础。 从福建邵武和沙县的南方红豆杉和长叶榧树皮中分...Abstract Endophytes are the microbes that colonize living, internal tissues of plantswithout causing any immediate, overt negative effects. They are naturalconstituent of microecosystem inside plants and have established aharmonious relationship with their hosts in the long-term evolution process.Endophytes represent a dependable source of bioactive and chemically novelcompounds since their seco...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_微生物学学号：B20022600

健康小鼠进食绣球菌对腹腔巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

测定健康小鼠进食绣球菌对腹腔巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的影响.SPF级Balb/C健康小鼠分组进食普通饲料、分别含绣球菌饲料、干品、浸汁饮水或其添加物组合、分别含酵母β-葡聚糖饲料、浸汁饮水或其添加物组合;进食一定时间后,分离腹腔巨噬细胞,使用含质量分数10%胎牛血清的RPMI1640培养液培养,TNF-α试剂盒检测上清液中的TNF-α质量浓度.结果表明,强化进食绣球菌组合(绣球菌饲料+干品+浸汁)的小鼠与对照组或酵母β-葡聚糖组合(酵母β-葡聚糖饲料+浸汁)小鼠相比,体质量不升反降;分离的腹腔巨噬细胞培养6 d,酶联免疫吸附测定技术检测上清液TNF-α,其质量浓度远高于其它两组.研究提示,强化绣球菌进食组合能够提高健康小鼠免疫力,并可能有利于控制体质量.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2013J01394);;吴阶平医学基金会临床科研项目(320.6750.15231);;空军军医大学国重开放课题(CBSKL201729);;福建省中医药大学校管课题(XB2015077

Optimization of solid culture conditions for TNF-α inhibitor qiaonanmycin via response surface methodology

目的利用响应面法对潜在的Tnf-α抑制剂桥南霉素固态发酵培养基进行优化。方法用HPlC做检测方法,以桥南霉素的洗脱峰面积为指标,先通过PlACkETT-burMAn(P-b)实验筛选出影响固态发酵产量的主要因素,进而进行单因素优化实验和响应面中心组合设计实验,确定主要影响因素的最佳浓度,得到最优的固体发酵培养基组成。结果优化后的发酵培养基组成:土豆400g/l、葡萄糖35g/l、蛋白胨10.5g/l、(nH4)2SO4 0.6g/l。按此配方固态发酵10l,对得到的粗提物进行HPlC检测,桥南霉素的实际产量为4.3Mg/l,与模型的理论值基本相符,较优化前的产量1.5Mg/l提高了186.7%。结论响应面方法是一种有效的培养基优化方法,经此优化方法桥南霉素的产量得到了较大的提高。Objective The solid fermentation culture conditions of compound qiaonanmycin were optimized via response surface methodology.Methods Based on quantitative detection method of qiaonanmycin by HPLC, the key fermentation factors were determined via P-B test, then their optimized concentrations were confirmed through response face method.Results The optimum solid fermentation culture medium compositions of qiaonanmycin were: potato 400g/L, dextrose 35g/L, peptone 10.5g/L, and(NH4)2SO4 0.6g/L.Under this condition, the yield of qiaonanmycin was 4.3mg/L, resulting in a 186.7% increase comparing with original production yield, and the optimized yield was consistent well with theoretical value predicted by response face method.Conclusion The optimized solid fermentation culture conditions were reliable and repeatable, it was warranted for large-scale fermentation process.中央高校基本业务费(No.2010121092); 厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20123010

Isolation,Purification and Characterization of the Secondary Metabolites from an Endophytic Fungus of Camptotheca acuminate

通信作者:[email protected][中文文摘]以一株分离自福建省武夷山自然保护区的喜树内生真菌SXZ-19为研究对象,通过固体平板发酵培养对菌体的化学成分进行了研究.从10L发酵菌体提取物中分离得到8个单体化合物,通过核磁共振以及质谱数据鉴定了化合物1～8的化学结构,分别为:2个线性呋喃聚酮类化合物(1～2);2种真菌毒素(7～8),交链孢酚单甲醚(alternariol monomethyl ether,AME)和交链孢酚(alternariol,AOH);4个洛伐他丁类似物oblongolides D(3),P(4),H(5)和V(6),其中化合物4和5互为差向异构体,为从同一菌株中分离得到oblongolides的差向异构体.[英文文摘]Endophytic microorganisms are a significant reservoir of genetic diversity,and an important source for the discovery of novel bioactive secondary metabolites.In the course of our ongoing efforts to discover potential anticancer agents from endophytic fungi,eight natural compounds,including two linear furanopolyketides (1-2),two Alternariatoxins (7-8),namely alternariol monomethyl ether (AME)and alternariol (AOH),and four lovastatin analogues (oblongolides D (3),P (4),H (5)and V (6)),were isolated from the endophytic fungal strain Diaporthe sp.SXZ-19of Camptotheca acuminate.The strain was collected from National Conservation District Wuyi in Fujian Province,China,and deposited in the laboratory of Microbial Pharmaceutical ngineering,Xiamen University,China.The chemical structure of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including1 H and 13 C-NMR,2D NMR(HMQC,HMBC,1 H-1 H-COSY and NOESY)and ESI-MS.Of these compounds,oblongolides P (4)and H (5)are epimers,which was the first time to report the isolation of two epimers of oblongolides from one strain．科技部国际科技合作项目(2007DFA30970);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2010121092,2011121037

Study on antimicrobial activities of marine lignicolous fungi

从福建厦门海沧、集美及漳州浮宫等地采集到的红树林等海洋潮间带的各种腐木样品中分离得到176株海洋木栖真菌,对其进行抗菌活性检测.其结果表明共有96株海洋木栖真菌对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌及白色假丝酵母中的一种或多种拮抗指示菌具有抑制作用,占供测菌株总数的54.5%.在这些活性菌株中,红树源菌株拮抗比例为30.2%,非红树源菌株拮抗比例为69.8%.具有抗菌活性的菌株主要分布于15个属中,包括木霉Trichoderma、青霉Penicillium、拟青霉Paecilomyces和一些不产孢的分类群.某些稀有真菌如盘多毛孢Pestalotia、茎点霉Phoma也具有一定的抗菌活性.One hundred and seventy-six strains of marine lignicolous fungi wereisolated from mangrove debris and other submerged wood panels which were collected from the intertidal zone around Xiamen for detection of the antimicobial activity. The results showed that ninety-six strains of the fungihave antagonism against one or more indicators, such as Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans. The ratio of active fungi to thetotal isolates is 54.5%, which consists of 30.2% from mangrove debris and 69.8%from other materials. The active marine lignicolous fungi were identified as 15genera, most of which belong to Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp. and Paecilomyces sp. and some sporeless class. Some rare fungi such as Pestalotia sp. and Phomopsis sp. also present a certain antimicrobial activity.国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2001AA620401);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070024

Study of Antitumor Activity and Cultivate Condition of Lignicolous Marine Fungi

对从厦门海沧及漳州浮宫的红树林生态区分离到的177株海洋木栖真菌用MTT法进行抗肿瘤活性的测定,获得具有抗肿瘤活性的菌株共44株,占总受试菌株的24.9%,其中对KB瘤株有抑制作用的有12株,对Raji瘤株有抑制作用的菌株有43株,对这两种肿瘤细胞均有抑制作用的菌株有11株.并且考察了其中6株海洋木栖真菌在纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、淀粉和蔗糖为碳源的生物量和抗肿瘤活性,结果表明海洋木栖真菌在不同营养条件下的菌体生物量及代谢产物的抗肿瘤活性均存在差异,部分菌株在纤维素为碳源时,有最高的生物量和抗肿瘤活性,PDB培养基不宜作为抗肿瘤活性测定或生产发酵的基质.Marine microorganisms have become an important source of pharmacologically active metabolites.More specially, fungi from marine environment have shown great potential.In this investigation,we focused on screening lignicolous marine fungi with antitumor activity,the data of which can be given to the future research of bioactive metabolizes as references.177 strains of lignicolous marine fungi were isolated from mangrove debris and other submerged wood panels which were collected from the intertidal zone around Xiamen.By using two cell line panels and MTT assay,24.9% of all strains have the antitumor activity.Among them,12 strains show antitumor activity against KB cell line,43 against Raji cell line and 11 against both KB cell and Raji cell line and 15 strains can inhabit the growth of KB or Raji cell line (ID_(50)>60).Meanwhile,6 strains were picked out for the research of cultivation condition in different media.The results show that distinctions exist not only in the products,but the antitumor activity.Some strains growing in cellulose medium have the highest biomass and antitumor activity.In addition,the results indicate that PDB is not a suitable medium for antitumor activity screening.国家“863”计划项目(2001AA620401)资

A Rapid Screening Assay for Insecticidal Antibiotic Produced by Marine Actinomycetes

报道了以卤虫为指示动物，采用双层琼脂扩散方法构建的一种杀虫微生物筛选模型。该模型具有灵敏度高，快速简便等优点，适合于海洋微生物杀虫活性物质的早期大量初筛工作。利用该模型对１２４０株分离于厦门海区潮间带的放线菌进行了初筛，杀虫阳性率为２．３％，展示了海洋微生物是杀虫活性物质研究和开发的重要来源。A rapid screening assay for insecticidal microorganisms is described in this paper. The double-layer agar and brine shrimp (Artemia salina ) used as bioassay, are involved. The assay is highly sensitive, and easy to operate, and is suitable for the early screening for insecticidal activity materials from marine microorganisms. 1240 cultures, isolated in the tidal zone of the Xiamen sea area, have been examined, and 2.3% is given as producing inseticidal activity materials. The present work indicates that marine microorganisms could be an important source of inseticidal activity substances

Study on the Antifungal Antibiotics of Symbiotic or Epiphytic Actinomycetes from Marine Animals and Plants

对分离自台湾海峡厦门海域的鹧鸪菜、海仙人掌等种海洋动植物共附生放线菌,以种常见的 8 4 致病真菌黑曲霉 ( Aspergillus niger 、弯孢霉 ) ( Curvularia、镰刀菌 sp. ) ( Fusarium、木霉 sp. ) ( Trichoderma作为抗真菌药物的筛选指示菌,进行了抗真菌活性菌株的生态分布研究。结果表明,供测 sp. ) 的株放线菌,株具有抗真菌活性,占总供测菌株的;鹧鸪菜共附生放线菌抗真菌活性菌株 149 19 12.8 %比例最高,达;高抗菌株主要分布于鹧鸪菜、海仙人掌和沙菜上,其中以鹧鸪菜最高,占供测菌株 40.9 %的。 31.8 %Using double-layer agar diffusion method, one hundred and forty-nine strains of antinomycetes, isolated from marine animals and plants which are collected from the intertidal zone of Xiamen coast, Taiwan straits, are tested, with indicators of Fusarium sp. and Curvularia sp. etc. The result shows that 12.8 percent of the total strains tested have antifungal activities. The high activity stains are distributed in Caloglossa leprieurii, Caremu lariahaberei, Hypnea sp.. The strains of Caloglossa leorieurii have the highest antifungal ratio. The result demonstrates that different antifungal sources are distributed in different hosts. This work aims to set forth the study of ecological distribution of antifungal source from symbiotic or epiphytic actinomycetes in marine animals and plants

STUDIES ON BIOSORPTION OF Pd2+ BY BACTERIA

作者简介: 刘月英( 1942- ) , 女, 福建省云霄县人, 厦门大学生物系副教授, 主要从事微生物生理生化研究[中文文摘]从不同来源的细菌菌株中筛选获得一株吸附Pd2 +能力较强的菌株R0 8,经鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌 (Bacilluslicheniformis)R0 8。R0 8死菌体吸附Pd2 +的最适 pH值为 3 5,其吸附作用是一种快速而非依赖温度的过程。吸附作用受菌体浓度和Pd2 +浓度影响。在起始Pd2 +浓度 2 0 0mg/L、菌浓度 0 4g/L、pH3 5和 30℃条件下 ,吸附 45min ,吸附量为2 2 4 8mg/ g。透射电镜观察显示 ,R0 8死菌体能够还原Pd2 +成Pd0 颗粒。红外光谱分析表明 ,细胞壁上的 COO- 和HPO42 - 基团可能与Pd2 +的生物吸附有关。[英文文摘]The st rain R08, showed relat ively st rong abilit y of adsorbing Pd2+ , was screened from different source of bacterial st rains. T he strain R08 was ident ified as Bacillus lichenif ormis. T he optimum pH value of Pd2+ biosorpt ion by R08 dead biomass is 3. 5. T he biosorption is a rapid and non-temperature dependent process. T he biomass and Pd2+ init ial concentration in solution affected the biosorption process. T he bosorptive capacity could reach 224. 8 mg/ g under the condit ions of Pd2+ 200 mg/ L, 0. 4g biomass/ L , pH3. 5 and 30 e for 45min. TEM observation showed that R08 biomass is able to adsorb and reduce Pd2+ ions to Pd0 particles. IR spect rum analysis indicat ed that COO- and HPO2-4 groups on the cell walls may involve in process of adsorbing Pd2+ .国家自然科学基金资助项目!( 2 974 3 0 0 1和 2 98760 2 6)&

Screenings of the yeast producing carotene

从被油污染的土样和植物的落花中分离筛选出几株产胡萝卜素的酵母菌 ,其中从椰子油污染的土样中分离获得的菌株COS 5的胡萝卜素产量最高。COS 5菌株经鉴定为红酵母 (Rhodotorulasp .)COS 5。该菌株以蔗糖为碳源 ,添加桔子皮和盐酸硫胺素的培养基 2 8℃振荡培养 96h ,细胞生物量为 2 7.5mg干重 /ml发酵液 ,胡萝卜素产量为 1 3.5 5 μg/ml发酵液 ,菌体胡萝卜素含量达 492 .7μg/g干重细胞。光谱分析结果表明 ,菌株COS 5色素的主要成份为β 胡萝卜素。Several yeast strains, isolated and screened from the samples of the soil polluted by oil and faded flowers, were able to produce carotene, and the carotene yield of strain COS?5 isolated from the soil polluted by coconut oil was the highest. The strain COS?5 was identified as Rhodotorula sp.COS?5. 27.5 mg dry cell/mL medium, 13.55 μg carotene /mL medium and 492.7 μg carotene / g dry cell were produced by strain COS?5 when it grew in the medium containing sucrose as carbon source and orange skin and thiamine etc., at 28℃ for 96 h. According to absorption spectrum of COS?5 pigment, the major component of the pigment from strain COS?5 was β carotene