脉冲激光溅射下固液界面生长的碳纳米管及其机理初探

以脉冲激光束直接溅射浸在水中的单质碳样品，发现在固液界而也能产生碳纳米管．实验还发现碳纳米管的形成与样品的结构有密切的关联：石墨的层状结构越完整，碳纳米管的形成越容易，而且石墨层而相对于激光束的取向也会显著地影响碳纳米管的生成．通过对实验结果的分析，探讨了激光液相溅射产生碳纳米管的机理，认为激光溅射产生的碳蒸气被水束缚在固液的界而内，而完整的晶而使碳蒸气在界而内的分布具有准二维的性质，为碳纳米管的生长提供了较为理想的环境

氯仿至全氯代稠环芳烃的液相电弧合成

以石墨电极在惰性气氛中放电,已成功地合成了C_（60）等碳原子簇。Grosser等人将此反应在氰气与氯气氛中进行,获得了一系列“棒状分子”与全氯代芳烃。我们又将这样的放电反应进一步扩展至溶液体系,将产生原子团簇的物理方法与传统的化学合成方法结合起来。最近,我们分析和研究了在液态的氯仿中放电的产物,在其中先后分离出六氯代苯（Ⅰ）、全

多氯代甲烷在液相电弧中的聚合反应

将氯仿或四氯化碳在液相中以高压电弧放电,得到多种聚合产物。通过对反应产物的分离与分析,发现它们主要是全氯代有机化合物(包括烷烃、烯烃与芳烃)及球烯。由此可以肯定所有反应物在电弧的作用下首先生成二氯卡宾,然后进一步聚合成各种产物。值得注意的是,反应生成的全氯代苊烯、苯并苊烯、碗烯、“半球烯”等均为C_(60)的全氯代碎片,是生成C_(60)的中间产物。其中苊烯或苯并苊烯的生成在体系中引入了五元环,是生成C_(60)的一个关键步骤。据此提出了反应的详细历程,由此可能揭示出C_(60)等球烯的生成过程与机理

Preparation of Decachlorocorannulene and Other Perchlorinated Fragments of Fullerenes by Electrical Discharge in Liquid Chloroform

地址: 1. XIAMEN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STATE KEY LAB PHYS CHEM SOLID SURFACE, XIAMEN 361005, FUJIAN PEOPLES R CHIN

Formation of buckminsterfullerene and its perchlorinated fragments by laser ablation of perchloroacenaphthylene

通讯作者地址: Zheng, LS (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 学科类别: Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical IDS 号: 343CF ISSN: 1089-5639 DOI: 10.1021/jp0012395Perchloroacenaphthylene(C12Cl8), a perchlorinated polycyclic hydrocarbon composed of two hexagons and a pentagon, was ablated by a pulsed laser beam in a vacuum. The products created from the laser ablation were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and rapid-scan ultraviolet spectrophotometric detection. Buckminsterfullerene C-60 and various perchlorinated carbon clusters have been observed among the products. The observation is helpful for understanding the formation mechanisms of fullerenes and suggests that the Pentagon Road scheme is feasible with the involvement of chlorines

Studies of the Formation of Carbon Clusters

通讯作者地址: Huang, RB (通讯作者), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R ChinaExperimental and theoretical studies focusing on the formation of carbon clusters are described. In the experiment on discharge in liquid chloroform, a series of perchlorinated fragments of C-60 was synthesized and a scarce amount of C-60 was detected. In the laser vaporization experiments, it was found that the production of C-60(+) and other fullerene ions could be promoted by doping chlorine-containing compounds into carbon targets. Chlorine atoms were found to play key roles of not only tying up the dangling bonds of the polycyclic carbon clusters. but also catalyzing the formation of fullerenes. The results showed that C-60 and other fullerenes are formed from growth of small carbon species and supported the "Pentagon Road" scheme of the fullerene formation mechanism. On the other hand, ab initio calculations were carried out on formation reactions of C-60 from its various perchlorinated fragments, C-60 (2m) Cl-10. The monotonically decreasing calculated energies of reactions with growing size of the fragments confirm that the formation reaction is energetically favourable

Production of Carbon Nanotubes by Solid Acid Catalysis

联系人：郑兰荪[中文文摘]将正丁烯在不含金属微粒的催化剂上热解产生了碳纳米管．所用的催化剂是固体酸的氟促进的γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和分子筛型的ＨＺＳＭ－５．实验发现，这些固体酸催化剂热解产生碳纳米管所需的温度较低，碳纳米管的产生与催化剂的酸度和酸性位有一定的关联，而且所产生的碳纳米管的结构形态也比较独特．[英文文摘]Carbon nanotubes have been produced by catalytic pyrolysis of n butene on solid acid catalyst at first time. The solid acid catalysts were fluorinated γ Al 2O 3 and HZSM 5 zeolites which did not contain metal particles, as ordinary used in the production of carbon nanotubes . In comparison with the metal particle catalysts, the carbon nanotubes produced in this condition require much lower pyrolysis temperature. The production was found to correlate with acid strength and acid sites of the solid acid catalysts. Some carbon nanotubes with special structures have been distinguished.国家自然科学基金,国家教育委员会资

纳米金刚石球晶的激光溅射产生

联系人：郑兰荪以脉冲激光束溅射浸入水中的单质碳样品.观察到产生一种外形完美且具有金刚石结构的纳米碳球.研究中考察了处于固/液界面的各种碳源在脉冲激光作用下发生的变化,初步探讨纳米碳球的形成原因.研究结果揭示:对于表面悬挂键为其他基团所饱和的纳米碳粒,金刚石与石墨结构的热力学稳定性相近,并且当熔融碳的尺寸小至纳米级时,其表面张力能产生较高的压力,因此使它同样有可能凝聚成金刚石的结构.国家杰出青年科学基金与国家教育委员会“跨世纪优秀人才计划”基金资助项

Preparation of Carbon Nanotube by Reacting CH_4 over Ni-based Catalysts

本文研究了负载型nI催化剂上,以CH_4为原料制备纳米碳管的方法.考察了载体、温度、CH_4浓度及在反应气中添加O_2或CO_2等因素对纳米碳管的生长的影响.实验发现,采用稀释的CH_4在较低的温度下反应或在反应气中添加O_2或CO_2均有利于纳米碳管的生长.Carbon nanotube was prepared by reacting CH4 over supported Ni catalyst at elevated temperature.The inFluences of support and other reaction conditions such as temperature, CH4 concentration and addition of O2 or CO2 to the reactant on the Formation of carbon nanotube were investigated.It was Found that the Formation of carbon nanotube was Favoured when the reaction was perFormed at relatively low temperature with dilute CH4 as the reactant.Addition of O2 or CO2 to the reactant is helpFul to the removal of graphite and amorphous carbon deposition on the catalyst and thereFore will be Favorable to the growth of carbon nanotube

液相化学腐蚀法用于碳纳米管的纯化及顶端开口研究

液相化学腐蚀法用于碳纳米管的纯化及顶端开口研究余荣清，程大典，詹梦熊，王育煌，郑兰荪（厦门大学化学系361005）碳纳米管作为纳米材料家族中一个新的成员，其潜在的重大应用前景引起了广泛重视。人们在合成制备及理论研究等方面进行了许多有益的探索［1~3］...国家自然科学基金;优秀中青年人才专项基