Study on the Evaluation of Environmental Stress in Xiamen Coastal Waters Using Multiple Biomarkers

本文以翡翠股贻贝Pernaviridis和网箱养殖鱼类（真鲷Pagrosomusmajor和鮸状黄姑鱼Nibeamiichthioides）为指示生物，以福建东山东沈的金銮湾为参比站位，通过采集本地种和移植试验，采用酶学、微核率、生长和代谢产物等多个生物标志物，综合评价了厦门附近海域（火烧屿，厦门马銮湾内、厦门马銮湾外、同安湾）的环境质量状况。应用SPSS统计软件对各项化学和生物标志物参数进行相关性和主成分分析，在此基础上对研究海区的综合环境质量进行系统聚类，探讨了这些生物标志物指示不同类型环境污染状况的可行性，并对该海域环境胁迫做出总体评价。 研究表明，海洋生物抗氧化酶的变化是一种有意义的...Using different kind of biomarkers (enzymatic, metabolic, cytogenetics and physiological biomarkers), this study evaluated the quality of coastal waters around Xiamen (Huoshao, IMaluan, OMaluan, Tong’an with Dongshan as a reference site) by sampling native or transplanted mussels (Perna viridis) and marine caged fishes (Pagrosomus major and Nibea miichthioides). The correlation and principle facto...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学研究中心_海洋化学学号：B19963400

Specific characteristic of tissue bioaccumulation of PAHs in green lipped mussels (Perna Viridis) at different growth stages

采用GC/MS测定了福建集美养殖区非繁殖期翡翠贻贝(Pernaviridis)体内的16种多环芳烃(PAHs),分析了不同生长期(个体大小不同)翡翠贻贝不同组织中PAHs的蓄积特征。结果表明,翡翠贻贝对PAHs的蓄积量(∑PAHs)为短生长期>中生长期>长生长期;外套膜>内脏团,鳃组织中PAHs波动较大。贻贝易蓄积低环低分子量的PAHs,且随个体增大,各组织中低分子量的PAHs含量逐渐降低,高分子量的略有增加。 【英文摘要】 The composition and content of PAHs in different tissues and growth stages (different size) of mussels were studied. Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in green mussels (Perna Viridis) were detected. The results showed that the some of PAHs (PAHs) in green mussles significantly affected on the growth rate (mussels size) and type of tissues: small mussels > middle mussels > big mussels; mantle>visceral mass, while the content of PAHs in gill varied widely. Mussels easier concentrate the low molecular w...国家自然科学基金(4010601220077023);; 福建省教育委员会基金(K20100

Effects of Copper and Zinc Ions on Activities of Enzymes inTissues of Red Sea Bream Pagrosomus major Juvenile

研究水中Cu2＋、zn2＋对真鲷幼鱼组织CAT、gPT、胃蛋白酶活性的影响.结果表明：真鲷幼鱼暴露于不同浓度Cu2＋（0.5、0.75、1.5Mg/l）、zn2＋（1、2、4Mg/l）海水中4d后，Cu2＋、zn2＋对鳃、肝脏CAT，胃蛋白酶都有抑制作用.当Cu2＋浓度最大时，对鳃、肝脏CAT，胃蛋白酶抑制率分别为73%、34%和42.8%；当zn2＋浓度最大时，对3种酶活性的抑制率分别为30%、68.5%和32.8%.Cu2＋、zn2＋尤其可使真鲷肝脏gPT活性显著降低，当Cu2＋、zn2＋浓度最大时，肝脏gPT活性分别是对照组的24%和33%.Cu2＋、zn2＋对真鲷幼鱼组织中3种酶活性的抑制作用均有剂量-效应关系This paper reported the effects of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on activities of catalase (CAT),glutamicpyruvic transaminase (GPT) and pepsin in the tissues of red sea bream P.major.Red sea breams were exposed to different concentrations of cupric sulfate solution (0.5,0.75,1.5mg/L)and zinc sulfate solution (1,2,4mg/L)for 4 days.The results showed that the CAT activities in gill and liver and pepsin activities were inhibited by Cu2+ and Zn2+.At the highest Cu2+ concentration groups,the CAT activities in gill and in liver and pepsin activities decreased 73%,33% and 428% in relation to control,respectively,while at the highest Zn2+ concentration groups,the CAT,GPT and pepsin activities decreased 30%,685% and 328% in relation to control,respectively.The GPT activities of liver in P.major decreased at all exposure groups.The GPT activities of liver decreased 76% and 67% in relation to control at highest Cu2+ and Zn2+ concentration groups,respectively.The effects of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on the CAT,GPT and pepsin had concentrationresponse relationship.福建省自然科学基

柴郁地仙方对围绝经期抑郁症模型大鼠行为学及海马BDNF、TrkB蛋白表达的影响

目的观察柴郁地仙方对围绝经期抑郁症(perimenopausal depressive disorder, PDD)模型大鼠行为学及海马脑源性神经营养因子(brain derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)、酪氨酸激酶B受体(tropomyosin receptor kinase B, TrkB)蛋白表达的影响,探讨其抗围绝经期抑郁症的作用机制。方法 48只3～4月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组、柴郁地仙方低、中、高剂量组,共6组,每组8只。假手术组行假手术,其余组行卵巢去势术后孤养并予以28天慢性轻度不可预见性应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress, CUMS)建立围绝经期抑郁症模型。CUMS第1天起假手术组、模型组灌服生理盐水,阳性对照组灌服盐酸氟西汀合戊酸雌二醇,中药治疗组灌服柴郁地仙方低、中、高不同浓度的汤药,其浓度分别为:0.38、0.76、1.52 g/mL,每天1次。应激过程中观察大鼠行为学及体重变化,并通过Morris水迷宫实验评价大鼠空间学习和记忆能力,应用免疫印迹法检测大鼠海马BDNF、TrkB蛋白表达情况。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠体重增长缓慢,旷场实验得分及糖水偏好率均明显降低(P0.05)。结论柴郁地仙方可改善PDD模型大鼠行为学、体重水平及水迷宫的空间学习和记忆能力,其作用机制可能是通过提高大鼠海马中BDNF、TrkB蛋白表达量发挥的。福建省计生委中医药科研基金资助项目(No.wzpw201307);;福建省自然科学基金计划项目(No.2017J01147

Polymorphism of Fatty Acid of Ralstonia solanacearum in Fujian Province

【目的】利用气相色谱技术检测福建省的40株青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)菌株细胞内的脂肪酸,分析其脂肪酸分布的多态性;研究青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与青枯雷尔氏菌现有种下分化方法之间的关系。【方法】对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行气相色谱分析,比较同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的分布;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸进行聚类分析,分析聚成的各类青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸的特点以及脂肪酸多态性与其生理小种、生化型和致病性之间的关系。【结果】同一寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌和不同寄主分离的青枯雷尔氏菌,其脂肪酸都存在着明显的多态性;对40株青枯雷尔氏菌的脂肪酸进行聚类分析,可以聚成3类,即groupⅠ、groupⅡ和groupⅢ;青枯雷尔氏菌生理小种1存在着不同的脂肪酸类群,青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与其生化型之间不存在相关性,但是脂肪酸和致病性之间存在一定的相关性:groupⅠ为无致病性菌株,groupⅡ为过渡性菌株,groupⅢ为强致病性菌株。【结论】福建省青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸分布存在着明显的多态性;青枯雷尔氏菌脂肪酸多态性与致病性之间存在一定的相关性,脂肪酸有望成为青枯雷尔氏菌小种鉴定的新指标。【Objective】The fatty acids of 40 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from different hosts in the fields in Fujian Province were detected by gas chromatography (GC). The polymorphism of R. solanacearum fatty acids relating to the pathogenicity was observed. 【Method】 The MIDI system and cluster analysis were introduced in analyzing fatty acids to display the relations among the polymorphism, race, biovartype and pathogenicity. 【Result】 The results showed that the patterns of fatty acids were significant different in R. solanacearum strains both isolated from the different hosts and the different body parts of the same hosts. According to the fatty acids the strains were clustered into three groups, e.g. group Ⅰ relating to the strains with non-pathogenicity, group Ⅱ in which the strain pathogenicity was changeable with some virulent and avirulent ones, and group Ⅲ respondent to high pathogenicity. It was proved that the model of fatty acids has no relations to races and biovartypes in R. solanacearum. 【Conclusion】It is the fist time to describe the polymorphism of fatty acids in R. solanacearum in this paper. The pathogenicity could be grouped by the models of fatty acids to distinguish the pathogenicity, which could be used in the identification of R. solanacearum under species differentiation.国家“863”项目(2002AA244031);; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003.J046

喀什地区神经型布鲁氏菌病的临床特征分析

目的探讨喀什地区神经型布鲁氏菌病的临床特征，提高诊疗水平。方法对2019年12月至2024年1月喀什地区第一人民医院收治的18例神经型布鲁氏菌病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果18例神经型布鲁氏菌病患者中，男性9例，女性9例，中位年龄36（17~54.5）岁。所有患者均有布鲁氏菌病流行病学史。诊断为脑膜脑炎12例，脑膜炎5例，脑炎1例。其中2例患者合并脊髓膜炎。2例患者合并骨关节炎，1例患者合并附睾炎。最常见的临床表现是头痛、发热、乏力。虎红平板试验（RBPT）及试管凝集试验（SAT）的阳性比分别为11/12、8/9，血培养阳性比2/10，脑脊液培养阳性比4/16，脑脊液病原高通量测序（NGS）阳性比5/5。脑脊液呈渗出性改变，白细胞升高，以单个核细胞升高为主。所有患者均应用多西环素、利福平、头孢曲松、头孢克肟、左氧氟沙星、米诺环素或磺胺中的2~4种联合治疗。多数患者预后较好。结论来自布鲁菌病疫区的患者存在中枢神经系统表现需要考虑神经型布鲁菌病的可能性。当脑脊液出现渗出性改变时，可以通过结合布鲁氏菌血清学、血培养、脑脊液培养和NGS来鉴别其他病原体导致的中枢神经系统感染；NGS可以明显提高神经型布鲁菌病诊断率

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

Histopathological Changes of Liver,Spleen and Small Intestines in Sparus macrocephalus Exposed to Benzo(a)payrene

研究了黑鲷暴露于不同浓度的苯并(a)芘水体中,其肝、脾、肠等内脏组织的病理变化.观察结果表明:黑鲷较长时间暴露于含有苯并(a)芘的水体中,其肝、脾、肠等内脏器官组织结构受到不同程度的损害,如:肝细胞核肿胀,肝窦扩张,水样变性;脾窦扩张,淤血,空泡化;肠绒毛紊乱,杯状细胞增多.并且这3种组织随着暴露时间的延长,损伤程度日益严重.因此,海洋鱼类的组织病理变化可作为有机污染物的直接生物标记.In this paper,Sparus macrocephalus was exposed to waterbrone benzo(a) payrene at variety concentrations.Then the histopathological changes of the liver,spleen and intestines were studied.The result revealed that the histological structure in liver,spleen and intestines of Sparus macrocephalus were damaged to different extents after the fish was exposed to benzo(a)payrene.For example,nucleus of liver was inflated,hepatic sinusoids were dilated,and fattiness was denaturalized;splenic sinuses were enlarged and filled with blood,and there was vacuolation in spleen;intestinal villi were fouled-up,goblet cell manifolded.The severity extent of such lesions was dependent on the exposure time in the structure change of the three organs.So the histopathological changes in marine fishes can be used as direct biomarker for assessment of biological effects of organic contaminants.国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(40106012);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40476048

Study on Micronuclei Rate in Gill Cell of Green Iipped Mussels (Perna viridis) from Minnan Coastal Waters of Fujian Province

以翡翠股贻贝(Pernaviridis(linnaeus))鳃组织为实验材料,调查了福建闽南沿海4个不同养殖区(杏林马銮湾、火烧屿、同安湾和东山东沈)的微核率.结果表明,这4个海区的翡翠股贻贝鳃细胞微核率依次为:同安湾>东山东沈>杏林马銮湾>火烧屿.其中,微核率最高的同安湾为2.2×10-3,最低的火烧屿为1.23×10-3.其结果与前人在法国沿岸和威尼斯流域调查的结果1.8×10-3～5.3×10-3相比,微核率较低.说明目前这4个海区水体中所含遗传毒性污染物的量并不太高,但其潜在的危害仍不容忽视.The rate of micronucleus in gill cells of green mussels from four sites (Maluan bay and Huoshao island and Tongan bay and Dongshandongsheng) was investigated.The results showed that the order of the micronucleus rate in these four sites is:Tongan>Maluan>Dongshan>Huoshao island.The rate of micronucleus in Huoshao island is significantly lower than other three sites.Among these four sites,the highest rate of micronucleus was 2.2 ×10~(-3),which was lower than the earlier results (1.8×10~(-3)～5.3×10~(-3)) in other sea-areas.It was indicated that the level of geno-toxic pollutants in the water of four sites was not too high at present, but the latent damage should not be disregarded.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20077023;40106012);; 福建省教委基金资助项目(K20100