纳米炭在甲状腺癌合并不同甲状腺疾病的示踪效果

【目的】探讨纳米炭混悬液在分化型甲状腺癌合并其他甲状腺疾病行颈中央区淋巴清扫中的示踪效果差异。【方法】回顾性分析2015 年7 月至2019 年7 月梅州市人民医院收治的分化型甲状腺癌患者共500 例， 将患者分为纳米炭组（A 组）314 例及非纳米炭组（B 组）186 例，并根据无合并疾病（亚组0）、合并多结节性甲状腺肿（亚组1）、合并桥本氏甲状腺炎（亚组2）或甲状腺癌灶较大（肿瘤最大径超过30 mm，亚组3），进一步将A、B 两组分成 4 个亚组，比较各组的淋巴结检获数及术后并发症的发生情况。【结果】A 组的淋巴结检获数和转移率均多于B 组［6.0（3.0 ~ 9.0）vs. 3.0（1.0 ~ 5.3），P 0.05），A2、A3 组术后甲状旁腺功能减退的发生率显著高于A0 组（51.8% vs. 34.1%，P < 0.05；54.2% vs. 34.1%，P < 0.05）。【结论】分化型甲状腺癌术中应用纳米炭可提高淋巴结的检获数，无合并疾病的作用效果最佳，合并多结节性甲状腺肿、癌灶过大可影响纳米炭的示踪效果，当癌灶最大径大于30 mm 时应用纳米炭对淋巴结的检出无明显作用

水工环地质灾区防护工程的建设策略探究

国家科学技术的迅速发展带动了我国水工环地质调查理论及其相关技术的高速发展。因此，水工环地质灾区的防护工程建设问题随着地质调查水平的大幅提升也逐渐被人们所重视。文中主要对水工环地质灾区防护工程建设内容进行简要的阐述，并对水工环地质灾区防护工程建设策略进行探究与分析。</jats:p

Effects of Spartina alterniflora Invasion on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Their Ecostoichiometric Characteristics in the Yellow River Estuary Wetlands

Spartina alterniflora invasion has severely threatened the ecological integrity of coastal wetland ecosystems. The carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and ecostoichiometric characteristics of soils in different layers were investigated under different stages of S. alterniflora invasion in the Yellow River Estuary wetlands. Using the method of substituting space for time, 0-100 cm soil samples were collected in wetlands of different stages of S. alterniflora invasion (SA3, invaded in 2016;SA8, invaded in 2011;SA13, invaded in 2006)and uninvaded bare flats (SA0). The contents of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN)and total phosphorus (TP), were then measured and analyzed by the stoichiometric ratios of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Results showed that (1)S. alterniflora invasion increased the content of TC and TN in surface soils, but had little effects on TP. (2)TC contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer of SA16, SA11 and SA06 were 18.9%, 27.6% and 57.6% higher than that of SA0, respectively, and TN contents were 1.39, 2.37 and 3.66 times higher than that of SA0, respectively. (3)S. alterniflora invasion didn't significantly affect soil w(C)/w(N), but increased w(C)/w(P)and w(N)/w(P)in shallow soils, and decreased w(C)/w(P)and w(N)/w(P)in deep soils. The order of soil w(C)/w(P)and w(N)/w(P)in the 0-10 cm soil layer was SA13>SA8>SA3>SA0. In the 0-100 cm soil layer, the order of soil w(C)/w(N)was SA0>SA8>SA13>SA3, that of soil w(C)/w(P)was SA13>SA8>SA0>SA3, and that of soil w(N)/w(P)was SA13>SA0>SA3>SA8. In the 0-100 cm soil layer, soil pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density and water content were important environmental factors affecting the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. There were no significant correlations between w(C)/w(N)and soil environmental factors, but w(C)/w(P)and w(N)/w(P)were significantly correlated with environmental factors. In conclusion, S. alterniflora invasion changed the contents of soil carbon and nitrogen in the salt marsh wetlands of the Yellow River Estuary and affected the balance of soil nutrient resources