厦门市社区居民对分级诊疗的满意度及其影响分析

本文利用问卷调查数据,运用主成分分析法和Logit回归方法,分析居民选择社区医院诊疗的影响因素,实证结果发现:社区医院医生专业水平、设备先进度及药品储备的回归系数为2.3734,在1%的显著性水平下显著;居民对分级诊疗政策实施的满意度回归系数为1.5078,在10%的显著性水平下显著。研究结果表明,社区医院的专业水平、设备先进度及药品储备依然是居民是否选择去社区医院就医的关键影响因素,分级诊疗政策的实施对居民选择社区医院有显著的正向影响,但影响弱于社区医院的专业水平、设备先进度及药物储备等因素的作用。福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目“厦门市分级诊疗制度变迁与地方政府制度创新研究”(JAS170005);;厦门市社科重点项目“厦门市分级诊疗实施现状及模式特色的调查与研究”(2016B09号

學校資訊志工之培訓--「結構化在職訓練」模式之應用

[[notice]]補正完畢[[journaltype]]國

Media choice in virtual teams : Linking task requirement and media richness to enhance task effectiveness

[[conferencetype]]國內[[conferencedate]]20010304~2001030

以「結構化在職訓練」模式訓練學校資訊志工之行動研究-以臺北市士東國小為例

[[abstract]]本研究係以「結構化在職訓練(S-OJT)」模式訓練學校資訊志工之行動研究，研究者先前在士東國小針對二十餘位志工進行大班電腦課程訓練成效不佳，因此希望尋找適合的訓練模式以解決訓練成效不彰與教材製作上所遭遇到之困難。從九十三年學年起陸續進行規畫，分析工作任務、準備S-OJT教材、實施S-OJT及評鑑S-OJT等流程。藉以了解S-OJT模式是否適用於學校資訊志工之訓練，並對原有之大班電腦課程進行檢討，以提升訓練成效。主要研究結果為： 壹、S-OJT之滿意度成效 一、訓練員之滿意度成效：對於訓練員的整體表現感到滿意。 二、教材滿意度之成效：依製作室設備設計之教材符合需求，並感到滿意。 三、場地環境與設備資源的運用：專用的訓練場地，空間寬敞，光線充足，對環 境感到舒適。有足夠的電腦週邊設備可供訓練及製作教材，感到滿意。 貳、S-OJT之學習與行為成效 一、大部分的志工對於訓練方法與過程表示肯定。 二、大部分志工在訓練結束時能實際完成作品，並已學會訓練課程內容。 三、在學習新的技能之後，已經能夠自行操作及運用新技能，並且充滿自信心。 四、在訓練之後，志工願意再接受訓練或自行學習新的技能。 參、大班電腦課程評析 一、剛加入的志工或學習能力較差的志工，會有跟不上進度的情形，在學習上會有不小的壓力。 二、老師無法提供及時指導與協助，其它志工可以協助指導，但其它志工指導時，並不能確實掌握正確指導之方法。 三、需要使用機器設備時，無法讓志工親自操作，可能會使訓練效果打折扣。 四、一起上課的氣氛良好，一起學習的動機比較強。但人數眾多，志工間可能會聊天而有點吵雜。 五、志工可以互相觀摩作品，學習彼此的優缺點，分享彼此的學習經驗，藉由彼此討論與觀摩，可以檢視自己的學習狀況。 肆、S-OJT訓練課程之評析 一、訓練員僅需面對1、2位志工，在較困難的步驟或志工不懂的地方，可以多做解說與示範。 二、在訓練進度上能依志工之學習狀態做調整，避免時間壓力可能產生的學習焦慮，讓志工可以專心的學習。 三、訓練方式很有效率，因為學習同樣的東西，花比較少的時間就可以學會。 四、訓練員能在旁邊指導，對於學習有很有大的幫助，能穩定志工的學習心理。五、志工可以聽到詳細的解說及看到清楚的操作示範，有助於志工課程的吸收。 六、在訓練的過程中，訓練員比較能夠知道志工是否了解，可以做立即性指導。 七、志工皆能接受S-OJT的訓練方式。 八、志工比較喜歡一對二的訓練方式。 九、電腦程度不好的志工，應該接受一對二的訓練方式。 最後，根據研究結果，研究者除自行省思做為未來行動之依據，亦提供志工之教育訓練經驗，供各校進行志工訓練時參考，並對未來研究方向提出建議，以供參考。[[notice]]補正完畢[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20041204~20041204[[conferencelocation]]台灣, 宜

年報環境揭露與合理性理論-以上市公司為例

合理性理論認為，公司實際的環境績效必須與攸關公眾的期望一致，否則便出現合理性威脅。有合理性威脅的公司，必須向握有公司存續經營准駁權的攸關公眾揭露環境資訊，以合理化其永續經營的權利。為了探究管理當局公開環境揭露的誘因，本研究即根據合理性理論，以我國上市公司中合理性出現威脅的公司為對象，針對該等公司的年報環境揭露程度進行研究，探討攸關公眾之期望與公司年報環境揭露程度間的關係。 本研究之樣本係為60家過去環境績效表現不佳的上市公司，研究期間為民國89年，同時採用數量評估和品質評估兩種評分方式，在對資料之分配進行常態性檢定後，以Spearman等級相關和Mann-Whitney U test進行檢定。 實證結果顯示：（一）在敘述性統計方面，各公司均以「公開發行公司年報應行記載事項準則」所規定的應行記載事項為揭露架構，且多以表格或分點、逐項的方式進行說明，揭露項目雖然一致但揭露內容卻有各自表述的情形。若將數量和品質評估進行比較，染整業及染顏料業之揭露係以宣揚和美化性質的陳述為多，較少論及具體的環保措施，而石化業、化工業和鋼鐵業所揭露資訊的質和量則均高。（二）在假說檢定方面，年報環境揭露程度與平面媒體報導程度、公司規模、所有權結構成顯著正相關。食品、飼料及肥料業可能因為污染問題以及環保訴求略異於其他產業，故年報環境揭露程度顯著異於他業；石化業和化工業則可能因為長年積累的污染問題，使得攸關公眾關切甚殷，故受到合理性威脅的影響較大，其年報環境揭露程度亦顯著異於其他產業。綜合本研究的實證結果，以揭露品質進行的測試多為顯著正相關，較能支持合理性理論的推論，可見國內管理當局認為，當公司實際的環境績效不符攸關公眾之預期，在年報中採取較高程度的環境揭露品質能有助化解合理性威脅，以爭取公司之永續經營權利。Legitimacy itself has been defined by Lindblom（1994）as a condition or status which exists when an entity，s value system is congruent with the value system of the larger social system of which the entity is a part. When a disparity, actual or optional, exists between the two value systems, there is a threat to the entity，s legitimacy. Based on the social contract concepts described above, legitimacy theory posits that environmental disclosures（EDs） are made as reactions to disparities, which threaten the sustaining rights of corporations, between relevant publics， expectations and actual performance. In other words, corporations legitimize its existence through making EDs. This study，s objective was to investigate management，s motivations of publicizing EDs voluntarily based on the legitimacy theory. We sampled 60 listed companies which had unsatisfactory past environmental performance. We studied the relationship between their annual reports， ED levels and relevant publics， expectations. After coding these companies， EDs on their 2000 annual reports by using both quantity assessment and quality assessment, we tested hypotheses with Spearman rank-order correlation and Mann-Whitney U test. The results were summarized below. First, based on descriptive statistics, we found most companies， EDs were in compliance with the required disclosure items regulated by law. However, every company had its own interpretation of what each requirement really meant. Regarding the results of two methods of enumeration, the Dyeing industry，s quantitative disclosure levels were high but its qualitative disclosure levels were lower. Petroleum and chemical industries， disclosure levels were very high in terms of both methods. Second, hypothesis testing showed that annual reports， ED levels were positively correlated with the level of print media coverage, firm size, and ownership structure. In addition to food, feed and fertilizers industries, petroleum and chemical industries， ED levels were also significantly different from other industries. Additionally, the qualitative disclosure evidence presented more persuasive results than the quantitative one in our findings. The hypothesis that corporations facing more print media coverage on their environmental performance would legitimize their sustaining rights by making better quality environmental disclosures was supported

Determination of Arsenic and Antimony inTraditional Chinese Medicine by Hydride Gen-eration Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

本文建立了氢化物原子吸收光谱法测定六味地黄丸中砷和锑的方法。方法的相对标准偏差砷为1.3%、锑为1.6%，回收率在90%~110%之间，检出限分别为砷0.06ng/Ml、锑0.1ng/Ml。本方法可用于中成药中砷和锑的测定。A method was established For the deteri-nation of As and Sb in the traditional Chinesemedicine,Liuwei Dihuang Wan,by hydride gen-eration atomic absorption spectrometry.The de-tection limits were 0.06 and 0.1ng/mL For Asand Sb,and the RDS were 1.3%and 1.6%,re-spectively.The recovery was 90%～110%.Themethod has been applied to quality control dur-ing production of the drug

利用社會網路分析發掘討論區的興趣族群

出處：世新大

以使用者之發表-回應關聯分析發掘討論區隱含資訊

出處：輔仁大

Distribution and Diurnal Changes of Organic Carbon in Zhubi Reef Ecosystem, Nansha Islands

1999 年 4 月对我国南沙群岛渚碧礁海水中溶解有机碳的分布及礁坪区颗粒有机碳 (POC) 和溶解有机碳 (DOC) 的周日变化特征进行了观测。结果表明，渚碧礁表层海水 DOC 变化范围为 1.43~3.62 mg/L，平均为 2.16 mg/L，含量分布大致表现为礁坪区>潟湖>礁外。潟湖 DOC 的垂直分布大致表现为表层高于底层，可能与表层浮游植物的光合作用有关。礁坪区 POC 及 DOC 都呈现显著的周日变化特征，POC 呈现夜晚高，白天低的特点，浮游植物的昼夜垂直移动可能是产生该现象的主要原因。DOC 的周日变化则主要受浮游动物昼夜垂直移动及细菌等生物活动的影响。Distribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater of Zhubi Reef, Nansha Islands and diurnal changes of particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon in reef flat were observed during April, 1999. It was shown that the content of DOC in surface water ranges from 1.43 to 3.62 mg/L, with an average of 2.16 mg/L. In different reef zones, DOC content showed much variation and the decrease order was reef flat > lagoon > outer waters. The vertical distribution of DOC in the lagoon showed a tendency of surface samples higher than deeper samples, which may be caused by higher photosynthesis of phytoplankton in surface. Both POC and DOC in a station on reef flat showed significant diurnal fluctuations. The diurnal change of POC was higher at night than in daytime, which was caused by diurnal migration of phytoplankton and demersal zooplankton while the main cause of diurnal changes of DOC may be diurnal migration of demersal zooplankton and bacteria activity.九五"国家科技攻关项目（97-926-02-02

新移民子女國小國語文學習成就大型評量調查研究 Large-Scale Survey of the Elementary School Mandarin Achievements of Children From New-Immigrant Families

本研究旨在透過大規模抽樣和利用標準化工具施測，以比較新移民子女與非新移民子女國語文學習成就表現差異。研究對象為100 學年度在學之四、六年級新移民子女，並以非新移民子女為對照。經分層叢集抽樣，四年級新移民子女樣本數為4,001 人、非新移民樣本數7,835 人；六年級新移民子女樣本數為4,017 人、非新移民樣本數9,772 人。研究工具為國語文成就測驗與背景問卷，正式施測後，藉由樣本加權使其接近母群體，並以Jackknife 方法估計新移民子女與非新移民子女學習表現標準誤，再計算其信賴區間，檢視學習表現是否達統計上顯著差異。研究結果發現，就讀四、六年級新移民子女之國語文學習表現，顯著地低於非新移民子女學習表現。四年級差距為大效果量、六年級差異效果量較小。不同水平知覺學校環境和學習表現相關不顯著；不同水平知覺班級常規、同儕關係和學習表現有部分相關。家庭因素方面，母親教養風格傾向為低度獨裁、中度寬容、或者高度開明權威，子女學習表現可能較高。個體相關構念對於學習表現的影響方面，正向自我概念與成功期望對於學習表現可能有助益，然而興趣價值和國語文的學習表現之間，不論四、六年級都沒有關聯性。最後根據研究結果提出三項建議。 The present study explored differences in academic performance in Mandarin between children from new immigrant families and nonimmigrant families and identified the effect sizes of significant factors. The subjects were fourth- and sixth-grade new-immigrant students, with Taiwanese students from nonimmigrant families forming the control group. Stratified cluster sampling yielded a sample of 4,001 and 4,017 fourth- and sixth-grade new-immigrant students, respectively. The study included four native Taiwanese control groups; 7,835 and 9,772 fourth- and sixth-graders took the Mandarin test, respectively. Data were collected through Mandarin achievement tests and questionnaires. After the tests, samples were weighted to accurately represent the population, and the Jackknife method was used to estimate standard error when comparing Mandarin learning performance among the new-immigrant family and nonimmigrant family children. The confidence intervals for learning performance were calculated to determine whether differences in learning performance among the groups were significant. The results showed that both the fourth- and sixth-grade new-immigrant family children had significantly lower Mandarin and math scores than the nonimmigrant family children did. Significant differences with large effect sizes existed between the fourth-grade Mandarin scores for both groups compared to scores from China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Southeast Asia. Significant differences also existed for both sixth-grade groups, but the effect size was smaller. Score level was not significantly correlated with school environment but was partially correlated with class adjustment and peer relationships. Furthermore, students with mothers whose parenting style was “slightly authoritarian,” “moderately permissive,” or “highly authoritative” tended to have superior learning performance. Personal factors, particularly self-concept and expectation of success, had a strong effect on learning performance. However, interest value in the subject was not correlated with Mandarin performance for the fourth- or sixth-grade students. Three implications were derived according to the quantitative results