[[alternative]]An Investigation on Environmental Loads and Tourism Impact of Green Island

[[abstract]]本研究主要探討綠島地區環境負荷量及居民對於觀光衝擊經濟、社會文化、環境加上健康四構面之衝擊認知情形。在環境負荷量部分，研究結果發現：(1)遊客至綠島地區旅遊交通、住宿及遊憩活動的耗能，以交通所佔的耗能最多(39.72%)；(2)交通工具污染物排放則以機車所排放之一氧化碳、碳氫化合物最多，而氮氧化物的主要排放來源為遊覽車；(3)綠島地區環境負荷量大於管理承載量；(4)綠島旺季(7月份)尖峰環境負荷量為淡季的9.4倍。在居民觀光衝擊認知部分，研究發現綠島居民會因為年齡、職業、在綠島居住時間、是否世居綠島、是否滿意觀光發展而影響到對於觀光衝擊認知的看法，特別是在觀光衝擊的經濟構面上。而在SF-36量表的部分發現，居民生理、心理健康情形較佳者，對於觀光衝擊較呈正面看法；生理、心理健康情形較差者，對於觀光衝擊較呈負面看法。研究發現綠島地區因觀光發展所衍生之環境負荷量極大，不但已造成當地居民在環境面向呈現較負面的看法，更深入影響當地居民在社會文化面向的負面看法。[[abstract]]The major purposes of this research were to calculate the environmental loads resulted from tourists and discuss the residents’ perceptions of tourism impact on four categories: economy, social culture, environment and health in the Green Island. In the first part of this study (environmental loads calculations), the following results were identified: (1) the transportation consumed the most energy (39.72%); (2) CO and HC pollutants were major emitted from the motorcycles, while the emissions of NOx were mainly from the tour buses; (3) environmental loads exceeded the management capacity of the Green Island; (4) environmental loads during high visitation season (July) was 9.4 times in comparing to low visitation season. In the second part of this research (the residents’ perceptions of tourism impact), the following results were found: (1) the residents in Green Island perceived more positive impacts on economic sector, and more negative impacts on social culture and environment sector; (2) the Green Island residents’ self-perceived health status (SF-36) were worse than that in Taiwan; (3) tourism impact perceptions and self-perceived health status were affected by demographics data of the Green Island residents; (4) there has positive relationship between the Green Island residents’ tourism impact perceptions and their self-perceived health status. In summary, the huge environmental overloads resulted from tourists may cause the negative attitudes of the residents toward tourism development and affect their self-perceived health status