微机电系统机械组元可靠性评估的测试装置及方法

一种微机电系统机械组元可靠性评估的测试装置，包括：一光学测量单元，用于测量微机电系统机械组元的轮廓曲线，获得被测微机电系统机械组元在失效前后的三维形貌信息或动态位移信息；一环境腔室，用于放置被测微机电系统机械组元，所述各种环境条件包括真空、气压、气氛、温度和湿度；一XY工作台，环境腔室放置在XY工作台上，可跟随XY工作台在水平面内移动，环境腔室的质量低于XY工作台正常工作的载荷限制；一环境控制与测量单元，保证在环境腔室内实现所需的各种环境条件并测量相应的环境参数；一数据采集和控制单元，用于控制XY工作台，并带动环境腔室在水平面内移动；环境控制与测量单元，实现与测量各种环境条件

芩香清解口服液对4日龄大鼠的发育毒性

目的: 系统考察芩香清解口服液(QXQJ)对4日龄(PND4)大鼠生长发育的影响.方法: 采用交叉抚育法对PND2大鼠进行数量和性别调整,随机分为溶剂对照组及QXQJ 3.45,10.35和28.05 g·kg-1组.PND4起每天ig给予QXQJ,溶剂对照组给予纯水,每天1次,连续给药18 d.给药结束后恢复观察3周.实验期间对各组大鼠一般状况、体重、生长发育、体格、骨骼、血液学和凝血等指标进行检查.结果: QXQJ连续给药18d对幼龄大鼠摄食量、生长发育、神经反射、自发行为、血液学、凝血、血液生化、免疫、生长激素和组织病理等检查指标均未见明显影响.PND5起,QXQJ 10.35和28.05 g·kg-1组幼龄大鼠出现黄棕色软便或稀便以及腹部膨大症状,这些症状于PND22基本恢复;28.05 g·kg-1组幼龄大鼠于PND7起体重、顶臀长、尾长和四肢长较溶剂对照组明显偏低(P<0.05),停药1周后恢复;28.05 g·kg-1组幼龄大鼠PND22骨比重和骨密度显著低于溶剂对照组(P<0.05),PND42时基本恢复. 结论: QXQJ可导致未断乳幼龄大鼠出现黄棕色软便或稀便及腹部膨大等消化不良症状,继而影响体格发育,停药或离乳后基本恢复;QXQJ对PND4大鼠连续给药18d发育毒性的无不良反应剂量(NOAEL)为3.45 g·kg-1. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Qinxiang Qingjie oral liquid (QXQJ) on growth and development after repeated administration of 18 d to postnatal day 4 (PND4) rats. METHODS: The number and sex of PND2 pups were adjusted using the cross-breeding method. These pups were randomly divided into the normal control, QXQJ 3.45, 10.35 and 28.05 g«kg~1 groups. PND4, juvenile rats were ig given QXQJ every day, while the normal control group was given pure water, once a day, for 18 d, before observation of 3 weeks was resumed. During the experiment, the general condition, body mass, growth and development, physique, bone, hematology and coagulation of the rats in each group were detected. RESULTS: 18 d after continuous administration of QXQJ, there was no obvious effect on the food intake, growth and development, nerve reflex, spontaneous behavior, hematology, coagulation, blood biochemistry, immunity, growth hormone, histopathology and other examination indexes of juvenile rats. From PND5, juvenile rats in the QXQJ 10.35 and 28.05 g-kg"1 groups developed yellow-brown soft or loose stools and abdominal distention, but the symptoms generally recovered at PND22. The body mass, top-rump length, tail length and limb length of the juvenile rats in the 28.05 g∗kg"1 group were signifi- cantly lower at PND7 (P<0.05), but recovered one week after drug withdrawal. The bone mineral specific gravity and bone mineral density of the 28.05 g • kg"1 group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group at PND22 (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference at PND42. CONCLUSION: QXQJ can cause such indigestion symptoms as yellow brown soft stool or loose stool and abdominal enlargement in unweaned juvenile rats, thus affecting the physical development indicators of rats, but the symptoms can recover after withdrawal of medication or withdrawal from milk. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of QXQJ administered to 4-day-old rats for 18 d is 3.45 g-kg"1

适用于激光共聚焦测量装置的光学窗口片

本实用新型公开了一种适用于激光共聚焦测量装置的光学窗口片，该光学窗口片包括:光学玻片(101);蒸镀在光学玻片(101)正面的正面增透膜(102);以及蒸镀在光学玻片(101)背面的背面增透膜(103)。该光学窗口片使用高强度、低折射率的材料制成，双面平行且双面镀增透膜，减小了激光共聚焦测量装置的测量光束透过光学窗口片进行位移测量时的系统误差，可以满足对密闭环境腔室内的样品进行非接触式光学测量的需求

鄂尔多斯大面积冰楔群的发现及20ka以来中国北方多年冻土南界与环境

此前,中国晚更新世晚期多年冻土南界的研究有两点不足,一是限于中国北方东段,二是年代数据不够系统.通过对中国北方晚更新世晚期冰缘现象的研究,认为中国北方高纬度多年冻土南界基本上沿38o~40oN(东段)和37o~39oN(西段)延伸,并第1次绘出分布图.同时,综合其他方面的研究成果,重建了晚更新世晚期以来纬度冻土带南界的变迁,并提出26和23~13kaBP有两次寒冷期,年均温在不同地段较今降低8~12℃

树轮记录的吕梁山北部过去175年来帕尔默干旱指数变化

利用采自吕梁山北部地区的油松样本,建立了过去175年来的树轮宽度年表。相关分析表明:标准年表(STD)与当年5— 6月的帕尔默干旱指数(Palmer drought severity index,PDSI)相关性最好,相关系数为0.687(n= 50,p<0.001)。因此,采用树轮宽度标准年表(STD)序列重建了1829— 2003年5— 6月的PDSI序列,重建方程的方差解释量达到47.16%。重建序列发现9个偏湿时段,分别为1833— 1836年、1845— 1851年、1857— 1863年、1869— 1874年、1882— 1887年、1896— 1899年、 1932— 1939年、1949— 1965年、1975— 1985年;10个偏干时段,分别为1829— 1832年、1837— 1844年、1852— 1856年、1864— 1868年、1875— 1881年、1888— 1895年、1900— 1931年、1940— 1948年、 1966— 1974年、1986— 2003年。同时发现20世纪20年代的严重干旱事件以及20世纪末气候干旱化加重的趋势。空间相关结果显示:重建的PDSI代表了周边大范围的干旱变化,同时,与基于历史文献的干湿指数(DWI)显著相关(p<0.002),说明无论是空间还是时间尺度上,重建结果都可以代表吕梁山周边大范围的干旱变化。此外,重建序列与不同定义的东亚夏季风指数都显著相关(p<0.02),说明东亚夏季风对研究区的干湿变化具有调制作用。多窗谱分析表明重建序列存在2— 7年、12年、13.6年、 19.2年、21.6年、26.1年的周期变化,这些周期变化可能与ENSO、太阳活动有关

适用于激光共聚焦测量装置的光学窗口片

本实用新型公开了一种适用于激光共聚焦测量装置的光学窗口片，该光学窗口片包括：光学玻片(101)；蒸镀在光学玻片(101)正面的正面增透膜(102)；以及蒸镀在光学玻片(101)背面的背面增透膜(103)。该光学窗口片使用高强度、低折射率的材料制成，双面平行且双面镀增透膜，减小了激光共聚焦测量装置的测量光束透过光学窗口片进行位移测量时的系统误差，可以满足对密闭环境腔室内的样品进行非接触式光学测量的需求

中药复方馥感啉口服液对不同年龄段SD大鼠发育毒性

目的: 采用三段式幼龄动物试验(JAS)系统考察馥感啉口服液(FGLOL)在幼龄SD大鼠长期给药后的潜在发育毒性和延迟毒性.方法: 第一阶段:根据1岁内婴幼儿临床拟用剂量,每天分别ig给予出生后4日龄(PND4)大鼠FGLOL 3.88,11.64和38.75 g·kg-1,共18 d,停药恢复3周.第二阶段:根据1～6岁儿童临床拟用剂量,分别ig给予PND15大鼠FGLOL 3.88,11.64和38.75 g·kg-1,共31 d,停药恢复3周.第三阶段:根据7～12岁儿童临床拟用剂量,每天分别ig给予PND40大鼠FGLOL 29.06,58.13和116.25 g·kg-1共66 d,停药恢复4周.上述试验均设溶剂对照组,ig给予等体积纯水.考察FGLOL对幼龄大鼠一般状况、摄食量、体重、生长发育、神经反射发育、学习记忆功能(总运动距离,中心、角落和边缘运动距离,潜伏期,工作记忆错误和参考记忆错误)、体格发育(体长)、骨骼发育(骨密度)、血液学(白细胞数、红细胞数和血小板数)和凝血、血液生化(谷氨酸脱氢酶、尿素氮和甘油三酯)以及组织病理变化等的影响.结果: 三段式JAS中,ig给予FGLOL均未造成大鼠死亡.与溶剂对照组相比,FGLOL组大鼠一般状况无异常,体重、生长发育、神经反射发育、体格发育、骨骼发育、血液学和凝血、血液生化以及组织病理等变化均未见有毒理学意义差异.结论: FGLOL对相当于人类<6岁年龄段幼龄大鼠的JAS试验的未见不良反应剂量(NOAEL)为38.75 g·kg-1,对相当于人类7～12岁年龄段幼龄大鼠JAS和重复给药毒性试验的NOAEL为116.25 g·kg-1. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential developmental toxicity and delayed toxicity of Fuganline oral liquid (FGLOL) after long-term administration in juvenile SD rats via a three-stage juvenile animal study (JAS). METHODS: Stage 1: according to the proposed clinical dose for infants within one year of age, FGLOL 3.88, 11.64, 38.75 g·kg-1 was orally administered to rats of postnatal day 4 (PND4) rats for 18 days, and the drug was stopped for 3 weeks. Stage 2: according to the proposed clinical dose for children ages 1 to 6, FGLOL 3.88, 11.64, 38.75 g·kg-1 was orally administered to PND15 rats for 31 d, and the drug was discontinued for 3 weeks. Stage 3: according to the proposed clinical dose for children aged 7 to 12, FGLOL 29.06, 58.13, 116.25 g·kg-1 was orally administered to PND40 rats for 66 d, and the drug was stopped for 4 weeks. The effects of FGLOL on health status, food intake, body mass, growth and development, nerve reflex development, learning and memory ability, physical development (body length), bone development (bone mineral density), hematology and coagulation (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelet count), blood biochemistry (glutamate dehydrogenase, urea nitrogen and triglycerides) and histopathology were investigated in young rats. RESULTS: In the three-stage JAS test, long-term administration of FGLOL did not cause rat death, and no toxicological effects were observed on body mass, growth and development, nerve reflex development, physical development, bone development, hematology and coagulation, blood biochemistry and histopathology of juvenile rats compared with the vehicle control group. CONCLUSION: The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of FGLOL is 38.75 g·kg-1 for the JAS test corresponding to humans between 1 and 6 years old, while the NOAEL of FGLOL is 116.25 g·kg-1 for the JAS test and repeated drug toxicity test corresponding to humans aged 7 to 12