CCND1基因多态性与肝细胞癌遗传易感性的病例对照研究

目的探讨细胞周期蛋白D1基因(CCND1)rs9344位点多态性与肝细胞癌易感性的关联;方法采用病例对照研究,对经肝内穿刺活检确认的266例原发性肝细胞癌新发病例及经年龄、性别匹配的306例健康对照,应用MALDI-TOF法检测CCND1 rs9344基因多态性,以χ2检验比较CCND1基因型及相关危险因素在病例对照间分布的差异,采用非条件Logistic回归分析基因型与肝癌发病风险的关系。结果 CCND1 rs9344位点存在GG、GA、AA三种基因型,G/A等位基因及各基因型在肝癌组与对照组中分布未见明显差异,但在分层分析中发现,有肝脏疾病史人群中病例组AA基因型携带比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,与GG基因型相比,AA基因型伴有肝病史个体罹患肝细胞癌的风险比值比为5.29(OR=5.29,95%CI:1.42-24.49);结论 CCND1 rs9344位点多态性与肝细胞癌易感性无明显相关,AA基因型携带者且有肝脏疾病史对比其他基因型携带者患肝细胞癌的风险较高。厦门市科技局社会发展项目3502Z20124023

Non- linear analysis on the performance of buckling restrained brace concrete school building

本文以一个中小学校舍抗震加固设计的实际工程为例,研究的目的是分析防屈曲支撑的滞回曲线,采用非线性时程分析的方法,简单介绍防屈曲约束支撑在MIdAS软件中非线性时程分析的应用过程,得到防屈曲支撑的滞回曲线与试验的滞回曲线相吻合。Taking an actual school building's seismic design as an example,The purpose of the study is the analysis of buckling- restrained brace hysteretic curve,Method using nonlinear time- history analysis,Application of nonlinear dynamic analysis in MIDAS software,the buckling restrained brace against simple introduction,Get buckling- restrained brace hysteretic curve and the experimental hysteretic curves coincide

New Method of Nanosilicon Preparation by Pulsed-laser Deposition

采用高强度激光灼蚀沉积(PLD)的方式,在流动N2做为保护气体的情况下,成功制备出Si纳米结构,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、光致发光(PL)进行表征。结果表明,该方法制备的纳米Si尺寸在几nm到几10nm之间,同时它具有较强的发光,发光强度比同等测量条件下的多孔Si(PS)样品高10倍以上,而且方法比较简单。The photo-luminescence of Si-based material is one of the most interesting and difficult subjects in research field.Nano-silicon will be a useful way to realize silicon-based photoluminescence.A new pulsed-laser-deposition(PLD) method to produce nano silicon is reported then according to SEM and photo-luminescence(PL) it′s characters are expressed.The results show that n-Si produced by the new pulsed-laser deposition(PLD) style has a great PL intensity.For the simpleness of new PLD style,it will be of some reference value for silicon-based PL rereach.国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(60336010

A Study on the Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Silicon Nanocrystal Formed by Pulse-laser Deposition

在激光灼蚀(PLD)系统中,采用流动的N2作为环境气体成功制备了尺寸从2纳米到几纳米之间的纳米硅,并在1.60～1.75eV之间观测到了较强的光致发光谱:结合Raman散射和光致发光谱的分析,推断强光致发光来源于纳米硅的量子效应。It has been successful to fabricate silicon nanocrystal from 2 nm to several nanometers by pulse-laser deposition using flowing N_2 as atmosphere gas.Strong photoluminescence between 1.6 eV and 1.75 eV has been observed.The origin of the photoluminescence was investigated by Raman scattering spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy.It was deduced that the strong pholuminescence stems from quantum effect.国家自然科学重点基金(批准号:60336010)资助项

Effects of CO2-induced seawater acidification on photosynthesis and calcification in the coralline alga Corallina pilulifera

为了探讨CO2海底封存潜在的渗漏危险对于海洋生物的可能影响,以大型钙化藻类小珊瑚藻(COrAllInA PIlulIfErA)为研究对象,在室内控光控温条件下,通过向培养海水充入CO2气体得到3种不同酸化程度的培养条件(PH 8.1、6.8和5.5),24H后比较藻体光合作用和钙化作用情况。结果显示:相对于自然海水培养条件(PH 8.1),在PH 6.8条件下培养的小珊瑚藻光合固碳速率得到了增强,而在PH 5.5条件下光合固碳速率则降低;随着酸化程度的增强,藻体的钙化固碳速率越来越低,在PH 5.5条件下甚至表现为负值[(-2.53±0.57)Mg C g-1干重H-1];藻体颗粒无机碳(PIC)和颗粒有机碳(POC)含量的比值随着酸化程度的加强而降低,这反映了酸化对光合和钙化作用的综合效应。快速光反应曲线的测定结果显示:随着酸化程度的增强,强光引起的光抑制程度越来越强;在酸化条件下,藻体的光饱和点显著降低,但PH 6.8和5.5之间没有显著差异;低光下的电子传递速率在PH 8.1和6.8之间没有显著差异,PH 5.5培养条件下显著降低;最大电子传递速率在PH 6.8时最大,在PH 5.5时最低。以上结果说明,高浓度CO2引起的海水酸化显著地影响着小珊瑚藻的光合和钙化过程,不同的酸化程度下,藻体的光合、钙化反应不同,在较强的酸化程度下(PH 5.5),藻体的光合和钙化过程都将受到强烈的抑制,这些结果为认识CO2海底封存渗漏危险对海洋钙化藻类的可能影响提供了理论参考。Increasing atmospheric CO2 is causing global public concern and seabed sequestration is one possible method of carbon reduction.However,studies on the potential risk of CO2 leakage and its possible effects on the marine environment are still very limited.To investigate such possible effects on sensitive marine organisms,coralline algae,Corallina pilulifera,were cultured under controlled conditions: 20℃,100μmol photons m-2 s-1 and a light period of 12h.Three treatments were set at acidities of pH 8.1,6.8 and 5.5,by aerating natural seawater with pure gaseous CO2.After 24 hours,photosynthesis and calcification rates of C.pilulifera cultured at different pH levels were determined.The rate of photosynthetic carbon fixation was enhanced at the pH of 6.8 and was inhibited at the pH of 5.5,compared with the algae grown in the seawater control(pH 8.1).The rate of calcified carbon fixation was depressed with decreasing pH,and even exhibited a negative value [(-2.53±0.57) mg C(g DW)-1 h-1] at pH 5.5.Additionally,with the decrease in pH,the ratio of particulate inorganic carbon(PIC) to particulate organic carbon(POC) content in the algae,measured with a vario TOC cube,decreased remarkably,which reflected the comprehensive effects of CO2-induced seawater acidification on photosynthesis and calcification.Rapid light curves of algae cultured at different pH levels,which indicated the responses of electron transport rates(ETR) in photosystem II(PS II) to irradiance,were determined by pulse amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence(PAM).The results showed that the photoinhibition term(a) increased with the decrease in pH,indicating that algae grown at lower pH levels experience greater photoinhibition.The light saturation point(Ik) decreased significantly under the CO2-induced acidification conditions,though a significant difference was not found between pH of 6.8 and 5.5.The initial slope of the rapid light curve(α),reflecting the efficiency of the electron transport rate at low irradiance,was lower at pH 5.5 than at the other two levels,while there was no significant difference between pH 8.1 and 6.8 levels.The maximum relative electron transport rate(rETRmax) exhibited the highest value in algae cultured at pH 6.8 and the lowest at pH 5.5.According to these results,we concluded that CO2-induced seawater acidification noticeably affected the photosynthesis and calcification of C.pilulifera,and different degrees of acidification caused different responses of photosynthesis and calcification.At the lowest pH level(pH 5.5),both the photosynthesis and calcification of C.pilulifera were significantly inhibited.These results provide a reference for studies on the risk of CO2 leakage from seabed sequestration methods on the physiology and ecology of marine coralline algae.海洋行业公益项目(200805029和200905020-2);国家海洋局重点实验室基金(200912);近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室(厦门大学)青年访问学者基金(MELRS1105);山东省科技发展计划项目(2009GG10005012

Damage to mangroves from extreme cold in early 2008 in southern China

通讯作者Author for correspondence (E-mail: [email protected])2008年初,我国南方19个省经历了50年一遇的持续低温雨雪冰冻天气。极端气候对华南沿海各省的红树林区造成不同程度的危害。2008年3月,在我国南方各省红树林区的10个代表性地点,对这次寒害造成的红树植物伤害程度进行了系统的调查。结果表明:冬季低温对红树林的影响极为显著,特别是在低纬度的海南、广西和广东湛江,由于极端低温正值夜间退潮,对红树林的影响更为显著;在纬度较高的福建,本地红树种类秋茄(Kandelia obovata)、桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)和白骨壤(Avicennia marina)及引种的木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)等,由于长期适应于冬季较低的气温或在种植前经过抗寒锻炼,具有较强的抗寒能力。各地主要红树植物中,广布种秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤最为耐寒,其耐寒性均大于红树科的木榄、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)。海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)对温度的敏感性最强,抗寒能力最低,因此,即使在其原产地海南也受到较为严重的寒害,在纬度更高的引种地出现大面积受害甚至全部死亡,而从孟加拉国引种的无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)却显示出一定的抗寒能力。同一地点的红树植物幼苗的抗寒能力低于大树。此次寒害也造成了苗圃场的种苗大量死亡,成熟的植株提前落花落果,这势必会影响后继一两年内红树林的自然更新和人工造林。因此,在未来红树林造林或人工引种中,一定要考虑到红树植物的抗寒能力。国家自然科学基金(30671646和30700092);厦门大学“闽江学者”启动基

Genomic Insights into the Formation of Human Populations in East Asia

厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室王传超教授课题组与哈佛医学院David Reich教授团队合作，联合全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队通过古DNA精细解析东亚人群形成历史。研究人员利用古DNA数据检验了东亚地区农业和语言共扩散理论，综合考古学、语言学等证据，该研究系统性地重构了东亚人群的形成、迁徙和混合历史。这是目前国内开展的东亚地区最大规模的考古基因组学研究，此次所报道的东亚地区古人基因组样本量是以往国内研究机构所发表的样本量总和的两倍，改变了东亚地区尤其是中国境内考古基因组学研究长期滞后的局面。 该研究是由王传超教授团队与哈佛医学院（David Reich教授）、德国马普人类历史科学研究所（Johannes Krause教授）、复旦大学现代人类学教育部重点实验室（李辉教授和金力院士）、维也纳大学进化人类学系（Ron Pinhasi副教授）、南洋理工大学人文学院（Hui-Yuan Yeh助理教授）、俄罗斯远东联邦大学科学博物馆（Alexander N Popov研究员）、西安交通大学（张虎勤教授）、蒙古国国家博物馆研究中心、乌兰巴托国立大学考古系、华盛顿大学人类学系、台湾成功大学考古所、加州大学人类学系等全球43个单位的85位共同作者组成的国际合作团队联合完成的。厦门大学人类学研究所、厦门大学生命科学学院细胞应激生物学国家重点实验室为论文第一完成单位。厦门大学人类学研究所韦兰海副教授、胡荣助理教授、郭健新博士后、何光林博士后和杨晓敏硕士参与了研究工作。The deep population history of East Asia remains poorly understood due to a lack of ancient DNA data and sparse sampling of present-day people1,2. We report genome-wide data from 166 East Asians dating to 6000 BCE-1000 CE and 46 present-day groups. Hunter-gatherers from Japan, the Amur River Basin, and people of Neolithic and Iron Age Taiwan and the Tibetan plateau are linked by a deeply-splitting lineage likely reflecting a Late Pleistocene coastal migration. We follow Holocene expansions from four regions. First, hunter-gatherers of Mongolia and the Amur River Basin have ancestry shared by Mongolic and Tungusic language speakers but do not carry West Liao River farmer ancestry contradicting theories that their expansion spread these proto-languages. Second, Yellow River Basin farmers at ～3000 BCE likely spread Sino-Tibetan languages as their ancestry dispersed both to Tibet where it forms up ～84% to some groups and to the Central Plain where it contributed ～59-84% to Han Chinese. Third, people from Taiwan ～1300 BCE to 800 CE derived ～75% ancestry from a lineage also common in modern Austronesian, Tai-Kadai and Austroasiatic speakers likely deriving from Yangtze River Valley farmers; ancient Taiwan people also derived ～25% ancestry from a northern lineage related to but different from Yellow River farmers implying an additional north-to-south expansion. Fourth, Yamnaya Steppe pastoralist ancestry arrived in western Mongolia after ～3000 BCE but was displaced by previously established lineages even while it persisted in western China as expected if it spread the ancestor of Tocharian Indo-European languages. Two later gene flows affected western Mongolia: after ～2000 BCE migrants with Yamnaya and European farmer ancestry, and episodic impacts of later groups with ancestry from Turan.We thank David Anthony, Ofer Bar-Yosef, Katherine Brunson, Rowan Flad, Pavel Flegontov,Qiaomei Fu, Wolfgang Haak, Iosif Lazaridis, Mark Lipson, Iain Mathieson, Richard Meadow,Inigo Olalde, Nick Patterson, Pontus Skoglund, Dan Xu, and the four reviewers for valuable comments. We thank Naruya Saitou and the Asian DNA Repository Consortium for sharing genotype data from present-day Japanese groups. We thank Toyohiro Nishimoto and Takashi Fujisawa from the Rebun Town Board of Education for sharing the Funadomari Jomon samples, and Hideyo Tanaka and Watru Nagahara from the Archeological Center of Chiba City who are excavators of the Rokutsu Jomon site. The excavations at Boisman-2 site (Boisman culture), the Pospelovo-1 site (Yankovsky culture), and the Roshino-4 site (Heishui Mohe culture) were funded by the Far Eastern Federal University and the Institute of History,Archaeology and Ethnology Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; research on Pospelovo-1 is funded by RFBR project number 18-09-40101. C.C.W was funded by the Max Planck Society, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 31801040), the Nanqiang Outstanding Young Talents Program of Xiamen University (X2123302), the Major project of National Social Science Foundation of China (20&ZD248), a European Research Council (ERC) grant to Dan Xu (ERC-2019-ADG-883700-TRAM) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZK1144). O.B. and Y.B. were funded by Russian Scientific Foundation grant 17-14-01345. H.M. was supported by the grant JSPS 16H02527. M.R. and C.C.W received funding from the ERC under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No 646612) to M.R. The research of C.S. is supported 30 by the Calleva Foundation and the Human Origins Research Fund. H.L was funded NSFC (91731303, 31671297), B&R International Joint Laboratory of Eurasian Anthropology (18490750300). J.K. was funded by DFG grant KR 4015/1-1, the Baden Württemberg Foundation, and the Max Planck Institute. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry radiocarbon dating work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (BCS-1460369) to D.J.K. and B.J.C. D.R. was funded by NSF grant BCS-1032255, NIH (NIGMS) grant GM100233, the Paul M. Allen Frontiers Group, John Templeton Foundation grant 61220, a gift from Jean-Francois Clin, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 该研究得到了国家自然科学基金“中国东南各族群的遗传混合”、国家社科基金重大项目“多学科视角下的南岛语族的起源和形成研究”、厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才支持计划A类、中央高校基本科研业务费等资助