The Study on the Catastrophe Reinsurance Demand of Property Insurance Companies

我国是世界上自然灾害最为严重的国家之一，对于巨灾风险事故的补偿，我国目前还主要依赖于财政补偿。中国的巨灾保险发展与国际水平相比还有一定差距，难以支撑中国的经济发展现状和巨灾风险的保障需求。就巨灾风险而言，想要通过承保大量独立同分布的个体风险来分散整体风险是不现实的。为此，巨灾风险的再保险对于巨灾风险的再次分散与管理具有十分重要的意义。 本文围绕财产保险公司巨灾风险再保险需求这一主题，首先论述了巨灾的相关理论基础，由巨灾风险的补偿机制切入巨灾保险，阐述了巨灾保险相关的主要风险管理方法，再具体介绍了财产保险公司分出业务大致的发展现状。笔者系统阐述了关于承保能力这一子模型的相关理论并结合本文模型的...China is one of the world's worst natural disaster countries. On compensation for catastrophic disasters, China is still mainly dependent on financial compensation. China's catastrophe insurance is below the international level, so the recent insurance market can hardly support the development of economy or satisfy the catastrophe risk management needs. On catastrophe risk, it is unrealistic to sp...学位：保险硕士院系专业：经济学院_保险硕士学号：1562013115216

The Impact of Trade Costs on the Export Composition --An Empirical Study Using the Panel Data of 30 Countries

贸易成本，指的是商品生产出来到传递至最终消费者过程中所产生的所有成 本，它是决定贸易行为能否发生的重要因素。Deardorff（2004）认为，在存在 贸易成本的情况下，传统的比较优势理论不足以解释一国贸易模式的选择问题。 如果贸易成本足够低，即使一国在某种商品的生产成本上没有优势，仍然可以拥 有生产该商品的比较优势；此外，对于需要密集进口中间品进行生产的行业，贸 易成本的增加会导致生产投入成本的增加，从而削弱该产品的比较优势。因此， 本文在测算1993-2013年间中国等30个样本国家的双边贸易成本和总体贸易成 本的基础上，从比较优势的角度，将总体贸易成本当作额外的要素禀赋引入...Trade costs, are broadly defined to include all costs incurred in getting a good to a final user other than the production cost of the good itself. Among others includes transportation cost, policy barriers, contract enforcement cost, legal and regulatory cost and local distribution cost. When there are costs of trade, the pattern of trade may not be well described by the usual measures of com...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_国际贸易学学号：1572014115193

Design and Implementation of Large Enterprises’Tax Administration Service System Based on SSH

信息管税已经成为税务机关保证征管工作顺利完成的重要手段，而原先的税务信息化系统难以适应国家税务局的发展需要，需要进行升级换代。建设临沧市大企业税收管理服务系统就是为了解决临沧市国税局的税务管理系统存在的诸多问题，如缺乏统筹规划，各自为政；业务覆盖不全，功能交叉；标准不统一，采集来源不唯一，数据无法共享。这些问题的存在严重阻碍了当前信息高度集成、管理高度集中的电子税务发展模式，通过基于标准开发可扩展的大企业税收管理服务系统，实现了数据共享，摆脱了数据孤岛，提高了管理效率。 本论文研究的是大企业税收管理服务系统建设的有关问题，系统采用先进的SSH2架构，根据当前临沧市国税局的税务应用形势，设计了...Information tube tax has become an important means to ensure the successful completion of the work of tax collection, original tax information system is difficult to adapt to the development needs of the State Administration of Taxation, the need for upgrading and updating. The construction of tax administration service system in LinCang is for the sake of solving all kinds of problems existed in ...学位：工程硕士院系专业：软件学院_工程硕士(软件工程)学号：X201123027

具核梭杆菌诱导葡萄糖转运蛋白4 高表达在食管鳞癌组织中的临床意义及预后价值

【目的】分析食管鳞癌患者癌组织中具核梭杆菌（Fn）对葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）的诱导效应与临床病理特征及5 年生存期的相关性，并探讨其临床意义及预后价值。【方法】选择2014 年1 月到2015 年3 月安阳肿瘤医院手术切除的96 例食管鳞癌患者癌组织石蜡包埋标本为研究对象，采用RNAscope 及免疫组织化学方法分别检测食管鳞癌癌组织中 Fn 感染及GLUT4 的表达情况，并分析 Fn 对GLUT4 的诱导效应，及其与临床病理特征相关性；采用 Kaplan-Meier 生存分析法绘制生存曲线并利用 Log-rank 检验方法分析 Fn 对 GLUT4 的诱导效应与生存时间之间相关性。【结果】食管鳞癌中可见癌细胞胞浆出现红色颗粒，为Fn 感染阳性，连续切片癌细胞浆膜出现棕黄色颗粒，为GLUT4 表达阳性；且Fn 感染与其表达具有显著一致性（P < 0.05）。同时Fn 诱导GLUT4 表达阳性组与性别、吸烟、饮酒、分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期显著相关（P < 0.05）。且阳性组5 年生存率及中位生存时间均明显低于阴性组（P < 0.05）。【结论】长期吸烟、饮酒会导致恶劣的口腔环境，Fn 更容易在这种环境下感染并定植，从而诱导癌细胞 GLUT4 高表达，增强葡萄糖代谢，促进食管鳞癌恶性进展。有效清除Fn 并抑制癌细胞GLUT4 表达可能为食管鳞癌治疗提供新策略和治疗手段

Deep Spherical Panoramic Representation for 3D Shape Recognition

三维形状识别是近年来较为热门的研究方向,针对其中的三维模型形状的表达方法和识别问题,提出一种多分支卷积神经网络下的三维模型识别方法.该方法通过对; 三维模型进行球面深度投影得到球面全景图;为了提高识别精度,将每个模型的球面全景图从多个角度展开,创建多幅平面图像作为识别系统的输入;识别系统使用; 多分支的卷积神经网络,并将多幅全景图进行整合分析,最终得到一个三维模型的识别结果.对三维模型进行分类和检索的实验结果表明,文中方法的识别效果优于; 近年来的前沿方法,对三维模型进行检索的准确度甚至超过了多视图识别方法.3D shape recognition is a hot topic in recent years. This paper proposed; a 3D model recognition method with multi-branch convolutional neural; network (CNN) to address the problems of 3D shape representation and; recognition. The inputs of the proposed method are spherical panoramas; by deep spherical projection of 3D models; to improve recognition; accuracy, the spherical panorama of the shape first unfolded on various; orientations to produce multiple rectified images as input of; recognition frame; the recognition system consists of a multi-branch; CNN, which analyzes the panoramas as a whole to produce the final; recognition result. The experiment results of retrieval and; classification on various of 3D dataset showed that the performance of; our method is better than the state-of-the-art methods, and the; retrieval accuracy outperforms that of multi-view method.国家自然科学基

Development and Application of a Novel Neutralization Test for Echovirus 25

目的:建立一种新型的快速、高通量的埃可病毒25型(ECHO25)中和抗体检测方法,并初步评价其在ECHO25中和抗体筛选和血清流行病学调查中的应用价值。方法:应用免疫荧光方法筛选ECHO25高亲和性抗体并将其作为检测单抗,结合酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISPOT)建立ECHO25中和抗体检测方法;使用不同效价的血清评价该方法的准确性;采用所建立的中和方法对ECHO25单克隆抗体、临床血清样品进行检测。结果:建立了快速检测ECHO25中和抗体的Nt-ELISPOT方法,以ECHO25单克隆抗体5B9作为检测抗体;相比经典的中和实验方法 Nt-CPE,该方法可显著缩短检测时间(从5~7 d缩短至1 d以内),检测结果具有较好的一致性;采用所建立的Nt-ELISPOT方法首次筛选获得3株对ECHO25具有较好中和能力的单克隆抗体;临床血清样品检测结果显示厦门地区可能存在ECHO25的流行。结论:该方法可以应用于中和抗体筛选和血清学的临床辅助诊断,为ECHO25的防治研究提供支持。Objective: To establish a rapid and high-throughput neutralization test for echovirus 25(ECHO25),and evaluate its application in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepidemiological surveys. Methods: Immuno-fluorescence assay was applied to screen a high affinity antibody, which was used as the detection antibody forECHO25, and a rapid neutralization test was established based on enzyme- linked immunospot assay(Nt-ELISPOT). The accuracy of this method was evaluated by detecting serum samples with different titer. Monoclonalantibodies against ECHO25 and clinical serum samples were detected via the established neutralization test. Results: A rapid method to detect neutralizing antibody against ECHO25 was established and an anti-ECHO25 anti-body, 5B9, was used as the detection antibody. The detection period could be shortened significantly comparedwith the classical neutralization test(Nt- CPE)(from five to seven days to less than one day), and the Nt-ELISPOT had good consistency with the Nt- CPE. Meanwhile, three neutralizing antibodies for ECHO25 werescreened firstly by this method. The detection results of clinical serum samples showed that infection of ECHO25 might be popular in Xiamen. Conclusion: This method can be used in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepi-demiological surveys, and it may provide support for the control of ECHO25.国家自然科学基金(81371817,81401669

HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白的表达及体外自组装

构建并表达HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白,探索其体外自组装条件。通过PCR技术扩增HIV-1(NL4-3毒株)CAP2NC基因片段,并将其连接到原核表达载体pTO-T7,获得重组质粒pTO-T7-CAP2NC,然后转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,经疏水层析纯化后获得重组蛋白CAP2NC。SDS-PAGE结果表明,重组蛋白CAP2NC可在大肠杆菌可溶高效表达,经纯化后纯度约为95%。ELISA检测表明重组蛋白CAP2NC可被HIV-1衣壳蛋白特异性单克隆抗体识别,具有较好反应活性。重组蛋白透析后在非原性SDS-PAGE中呈现为多种聚体形式。分子筛排阻层析分析CAP2NC蛋白透析后可进行组装,负染电镜进一步观察显示CAP2NC蛋白在RNA存在条件下,可形成空心管状颗粒,其形态结构与HIV-1病毒衣壳体外自组装形成的类似。上述结果表明HIV-1 CAP2NC蛋白具有体外自组装的性质,为进一步在体外研究非成熟病毒样颗粒结构奠定基础。国家自然科学基金(Nos.81671645,81371818)资助~

Influence of Alternating Magnetic Field on Growth and Polysaccharide outside the Cell of Lions mane hericium

作者简介: 高梦祥,副教授,博士,主要从事磁致微生物效应、农产品物理保鲜方法研究,E-mail : mxgao0398 @yahoo. com. cn[中文文摘]以猴头菌为研究对象,通过改变磁场强度和作用时间,研究交变磁场对猴头菌生长效应的影响。试验结果表明:磁场对猴头菌胞外多糖的作用相对菌丝的作用有滞后性,在磁场强度为1.06 A/m,作用时间为12 h时,磁场对猴头菌菌丝的生长促进作用最强,猴头菌的菌质干质量增长率达140.1%;作用时间为24 h时,猴头菌胞外多糖质量浓度增长率达100.8%;作用时间为48 h时,磁场对猴头菌胞外多糖的生长促进作用最强,猴头菌胞外多糖质量浓度增长率达271.7%。在作用时间为24 h时,磁场对猴头菌胞外多糖的生长促进作用最强的磁场强度为0.8 A/m,猴头菌胞外多糖质量浓度增长率达187.5%。[英文文摘]The stimulation of alternating magnetic field on L ions mane herici um was studied by using a self2 designed generator with adjustable magnetic field intensity and time. The result s showed that the effect s of the magnetic field on the growth of L ions mane herici umps hypha have the sluggish functioning of the produce of polysaccharide out side the cell. When the intensity of the magnetic field is 1106 A/ m , time is 12 h , the dry weight of the L ions mane herici um increased 14011 %. The concent ration of the L ions mane herici umps polysaccharide increased 27117 % when the intensity of the magnetic field is 1106 A/ m , time is 24 h. The concent ration of the L ions mane herici umps polysaccharide increased 27117 % when the intensity of the magnetic field is 1106 A/ m , time is 48 h ,which is the st rongest stimulation of the L ions mane herici umps polysaccharide.湖北省教育厅重点科研资助项目(B200512002); 长江大学博士启动基金资助项目(03000282

A multimechanistic antibody targeting receptor-binding sites potently cross-protects against influenza B viruses

流感病毒HA是研制流感药物和流感疫苗的重要靶标，但HA具有高度变异性，如何在高变异HA中找到不变之处，即高度保守表位，是研制流感特效药物和广谱疫苗的关键。近年来国外报道的流感HA广谱中和单抗的识别位点均在较为保守的HA茎部区，而针对流感病毒与细胞受体结合部位的HA头部区尤其是RBS区，一直未能发现广谱中和抗体。夏宁邵教授团队通过探索多种免疫策略和筛选策略，成功筛选出一株广谱中和单抗12G6，识别一个位于HA头部RBS上的全新保守性表位。体外实验显示12G6人源化改造的C12G6抗体能高效中和1940-2016年间世界各地历年流行的代表三个遗传变异亚系的18个乙型流感病毒代表株对细胞的感染，并能保护小鼠致死性感染，治疗效果显著优于已报道的代表性抗体以及抗流感药物；C12G6与“达菲”联合用药具有明显的协同效果。此外，雪貂感染模型的预防和治疗效果进一步证实了C12G6作为抗体药物的治疗潜能。研究还显示该表位是病毒感染复制的关键表位，该位点的突变会造成病毒毒力显著下降。最后，研究揭示了C12G6通过五种不同的抗病毒作用机制发挥作用，提示其高效的抗病毒活性得益于多机制协同效应，这也是目前国内外第一次发现一个流感抗体能通过如此全面的抗病毒机制发挥作用。 该发现为研制能抵抗各种变异株的乙型流感特效治疗药物和通用疫苗带来新希望。 该研究工作依托分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室（厦门大学）、国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心、厦门大学养生堂生物药物联合实验室完成。陈毅歆副教授、夏宁邵教授为该研究论文的共同通讯作者。在读博士研究生沈晨光、陈俊煜、李睿、王国松和硕士研究生张梦娅等为共同第一作者。【Abstract】Influenza B virus causes considerable disease burden worldwide annually, highlighting the limitations of current influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs. In recent years, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against hemagglutinin (HA) have emerged as a new approach for combating influenza. We describe the generation and characterization of a chimeric monoclonal antibody, C12G6, that cross-neutralizes representative viruses spanning the 76 years of influenza B antigenic evolution since 1940, including viruses belonging to the Yamagata, Victoria, and earlier lineages. Notably, C12G6 exhibits broad cross-lineage hemagglutination inhibition activity against influenza B viruses and has higher potency and breadth of neutralization when compared to four previously reported influenza B bnAbs. In vivo, C12G6 confers stronger cross-protection against Yamagata and Victoria lineages of influenza B viruses in mice and ferrets than other bnAbs or the anti-influenza drug oseltamivir and has an additive antiviral effect when administered in combination with oseltamivir. Epitope mapping indicated that C12G6 targets a conserved epitope that overlaps with the receptor binding site in the HA region of influenza B virus, indicating why it neutralizes virus so potently. Mechanistic analyses revealed that C12G6 inhibits influenza B viruses via multiple mechanisms, including preventing viral entry, egress, and HA-mediated membrane fusion and triggering antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity responses. C12G6 is therefore a promising candidate for the development of prophylactics or therapeutics against influenza B infection and may inform the design of a truly universal influenza vaccine.This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670934 and 81371817), the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (2011ZX09102-009-12 and 2012DFH30020), the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (7629/13M, 17103214, and 17154516), and a sponsored research agreement from Sanofi Pasteur. 研究工作得到了香港大学新发传染病国家重点实验室和赛诺菲巴斯德公司的技术支持和帮助，获得国家自然科学基金、新药创制国家科技重大专项、科技部对港科技合作项目等课题资助