以砂纸为模板制作聚合物超疏水表面

报道了一种聚合物材料超疏水表面的简便制备方法.以不同型号的金相砂纸为模板,通过浇注成型或热压成型技术,在聚合物表面形成不同粗糙度的结构.接触角实验结果证明,聚合物表面与水的接触角随着所用砂纸模板粗糙度的增加而加大,其中粒度号为W7和W5砂纸制作的表面与水的接触角可超过150°,显示出超疏水性质.多种聚合物使用砂纸为模均可制备不同粗糙度及超疏水的表面,本征接触角对复制表面浸润性的影响从Wenzel态到Cassie态而变小.扫描电镜结果表明,不规则形状的砂纸磨料颗粒构成了超疏水所需要的微纳米结构的模板

分子对接预测病毒表位的研究进展

分子对接技术是基于相互作用分子的结构特征,预测蛋白质或酶与配体相互作用细节和反应机制的方法。与一般的实验方法比较,其具有快捷、自动化、高通量、低成本和信息丰富等特点。至今,由于局限于有限的结构信息,特别是分子的相互作用,人们对诸多病毒被受体识别并感染细胞过程和产生免疫保护仍然缺乏详细的理论基础,同时许多病毒导致的疾病仍缺乏有效的疫苗或药物。另一方面利用实验方法进行病原体的研究需要消耗大量的资源和时间,如何加速病毒学相关的基因组学信息分析和新发突发病毒的药物开发等过程,分子对接技术起到了不可或缺的作用。本文主要概述了分子对接技术的理论、搜索算法、打分函数、准确性及其在病毒表位预测中的应用,为计算机模拟的病毒表位预测及疫苗或药物研发提供参考。国家自然科学基金(81571996);;\n福建省自然科学基金(2017J07005

Preliminary study on PAH degradation by bacteria from contami-nated sediments in Xiamen Western Sea, Fujian, China

In order to estimate the biodegradation of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds, bacterial strains were isolated from marine sediments in three heavily contaminated sites (Yuandang Lake, Dongdu Port and Aquacultural zones in Maluan Bay) in Xiamen Western Sea. The results show three bacterial strains, which used pyrene as the sole carbon source, were identified as strains of Aureobacterium sp., Arthrobacter sp., Rhodococcus sp. The PAH-degrading bacteria isolated had a strong ability to degrade phenan-hrene, fluoranthene and pyrene at different degradation rates. The highest degradation rate was observed when three PAH compounds were mixed with an individual strain in the medium. The three PAHs were degraded after one week with a degradation rate of 89.94 % for phenanthrene and 93.4 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene. In addition, after 25 days of incubation, the degradation rate was 99.98 % for phenanthrene and 99.97 % for both of fluoranthene and pyrene. Optical density was measured to ..

Near-atomic cryo-electron microscopy structures of varicella-zoster virus capsids

VZV是一种广泛存在并且具有高度传染性的人类α-疱疹病毒。初次感染VZV可导致水痘，人群普遍易感（感染率约为61%～100%）。该病毒可在背根神经节潜伏感染，持续终生。夏宁邵教授团队长期开展VZV相关基础与新型疫苗研究，通过系统和精细探索建立了高效的VZV规模化培养和病毒颗粒纯化技术体系，成功获得高质量的VZV颗粒样品。首次揭示了疱疹病毒α家族的水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）不同类型核衣壳的近原子分辨率结构，阐明了VZV核衣壳不同组成蛋白的相互作用网络与衣壳装配机制，可为进一步开展新型载体疫苗设计及抗病毒药物等研究提供重要支持。 我校博士后王玮、高级工程师郑清炳、博士生潘德全和俞海副教授为该论文共同第一作者，我校夏宁邵教授、程通副教授、李少伟教授以及美国罗格斯大学朱桦（Hua Zhu）教授、加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校周正洪（Z. Hong Zhou）教授为该论文的共同通讯作者。【Abstract】Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a medically important human herpesvirus that causes chickenpox and shingles, but its cell-associated nature has hindered structure studies. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of purified VZV A-capsid and C-capsid, as well as of the DNA-containing capsid inside the virion. Atomic models derived from these structures show that, despite enclosing a genome that is substantially smaller than those of other human herpesviruses, VZV has a similarly sized capsid, consisting of 955 major capsid protein (MCP), 900 small capsid protein (SCP), 640 triplex dimer (Tri2) and 320 triplex monomer (Tri1) subunits. The VZV capsid has high thermal stability, although with relatively fewer intra- and inter-capsid protein interactions and less stably associated tegument proteins compared with other human herpesviruses. Analysis with antibodies targeting the N and C termini of the VZV SCP indicates that the hexon-capping SCP—the largest among human herpesviruses—uses its N-terminal half to bridge hexon MCP subunits and possesses a C-terminal flexible half emanating from the inner rim of the upper hexon channel into the tegument layer. Correlation of these structural features and functional observations provide insights into VZV assembly and pathogenesis and should help efforts to engineer gene delivery and anticancer vectors based on the currently available VZV vaccine.This research was supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development (no. 2018ZX09711003-005-003), the National Science and Technology Major Project of Infectious Diseases (no. 2017ZX10304402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81871648, 81601762), the Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (no. 2019RU022) and the US National Institutes of Health (DE025567/028583). 该研究获得了国家自然科学基金、新药创制国家科技重大专项和传染病防治国家科技重大专项等资助

智能制造技术在工业自动化生产线中的应用探究

智能制造技术是一项多元化复杂制造技术，是未来制造行业的发展趋势。它的出现对传统工业的发展起到立竿见影的成效。文中以智能制造技术在工业自动化生产线的应用为主要研究对象，针对智能制造技术的应用成效进行多方面、多层次、多维度的阐述和分析，结合笔者在工业自动化生产线领域的科研经验，提出一系列行之有效的应用建议，助力相关从业人员给予力所能及的帮助和支持。仅供参考。</jats:p