Spectral Analysis on the Nickel Hydroxyl and Deuteroxyl Nitrate Powders

Abstract Infrared absorption (4000-400 cm−1) and Raman (4000-50 cm−1) spectra of the magnetic geometrically frustrated compound nickel hydroxyl nitrate (Ni2(OH)3NO3), and incompletely deuterized nickel hydroxyl/deuteroxyl nitrate (Ni2(OH/D)3NO3) powders, which were synthesized successfully by the hydrothermal methods, have been measured at room temperature and analyzed in four spectral regions (the [OH/D] and [NO3] functional group regions, the [OH/D] and [NO3] correlation peak region and the Ni-related fingerprint region) by referring to the spectral assignments of the layered β-Ni(OH)2 and β-Ni2(OH)3Cl. The spectral analysis can be beneficial to analyzing their low temperature spectral properties, which can help to understand the underlying physics of their exotic quantum phenomena at low temperatures from the spectroscopic point of view.</jats:p

Licochalcone A mitigates aflatoxin B1-induced immunotoxicity via ferroptosis in bursa of broilers and macrophages

ABSTRACT: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin which is responsible for severe damage to the immune system of humans and livestock. Licochalcone A (Lico A), a polyphenol derived from turmeric, has attracted great attention due to its wonderful antioxidant properties. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death related to oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in the resistance of phytochemical to immune-associated injury. Nevertheless, effects of Lico A on the bursa of broilers exposed to AFB1 remain unclear. In this work, broilers were fed diets supplemented with 2 mg/kg of AFB1 and 50 mg/kg of Lico A. Meanwhile, various concentrations of Lico A and AFB1 (15 μM) were used to stimulate macrophages. These results revealed that AFB1 resulted in more severe bursa atrophy and relative weight reduction; the expression of pro-ferroptosis protein ACSL4 and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly elevated, while the expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins GPX4, xCT, FSP1 and the content of Glutathione (GSH) was obviously reduced. However, Lico A treatment effectively reversed these effects in the bursa of broilers. Meanwhile, in bursa and macrophages, Lico A mitigated the expression of AFB1-induced apoptosis-associated protein (Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) as well as antioxidant protein (Nrf2, GCLM, HO-1). Importantly, ferroptosis was also observed in macrophages induced by AFB1. Lico A efficaciously alleviated AFB1-induced mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in macrophages; in contrast, Lico A evidently inhibited AFB1-triggered ROS generation and cytotoxicity, which was disabled by the addition of Erastin. Moreover, Liproxstatin-1 significantly inhibited ROS generation induced by AFB1. In summary, the present study elucidates that the main mechanism by which Lico A attenuates AFB1-induced immunotoxicity is through the suppression of ferroptosis, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which is promising for the improvement of immunotoxic effects of AFB1

The Early Diagnostic Dilemma in Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma with Excessive Plasma Cells Proliferation

Background. Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is an aggressive Epstein–Barr virus-associated T cell lymphoma. Clinical syndromes of AITL are not confined to fever and lymphadenopathy, and patients may initially present with polyclonal plasma cell proliferation, which may obscure the underlying disease of AITL, delaying diagnosis. Case Presentation. Here, we report two AITL patients with excessive plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and ascites even mimicking plasma cell leukemia. Both of them had poor endings. Conclusions. Our report emphasizes the complexity of the clinical manifestations of AITL, which aims to increase the alertness of physicians and improve the rate of early diagnosis. Integrated diagnostic approaches such as histopathology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and molecular biology are essential for accurate diagnosis and precise therapy.</jats:p

Multicolor flow cytometric assessment of Ki67 expression and its diagnostic value in mature B-cell neoplasms

BackgroundThere is no unified standard data about the sensitivity and specificity regarding flow cytometry analysis of Ki67 expression during lymphoma diagnoses.ObjectiveThis evaluated the efficacy of multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) in an estimate of the proliferative activity of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma by comparing the expression of Ki67 using MFC and immunohistochemicals (IHC).MethodA total of 559 patients with non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma were immunophenotyped using sensitive MFC, of which 517 were newly diagnosed and 42 were transformed lymphomas. Test samples include peripheral blood, bone marrow, various body fluids, and tissues. Through MFC multi-marker accurate gating, abnormal mature B lymphocytes with restricted expression of the light chain were screened. Ki67 was added to determine the proliferation index; the positive rate of Ki67 in tumor B cells was evaluated by cell grouping and internal control. For tissue specimens, MFC and IHC analyses were performed simultaneously to assess the Ki67 proliferation index.ResultsThe positive rate of Ki67 by MFC was correlated with the subtype and aggressiveness of B-cell lymphoma. Ki67 could distinguish indolent lymphomas from aggressive subtypes with a cut-off value of 21.25%, and differentiate transformation from indolent lymphoma with a cut-off value of 7.65%. The expression of Ki67 by MFC (regardless of the type of samples)was highly agreement with the Ki67 proliferative index of tissue samples assessed by pathologic immunohistochemistry. MFC showed a fairly constant negative bias in evaluating tissue or bone marrow samples, compared with IHC.ConclusionsKi67 is a valuable flow marker that can distinguish between indolent and aggressive types of lymphoma and assess whether indolent lymphomas are transformed. Using MFC to evaluate the positive rate of Ki67 is important in clinical settings. MFC has unique advantages in judging the aggressiveness of lymphoma in samples of bone marrow, peripheral blood, pleural and ascites, and cerebrospinal fluid. This is particularly important when tissue samples cannot be obtained, making it an important supplement for pathologic examination.</jats:sec

Isolated meningeal myeloid sarcoma with recurrent MLL-AF6 translocation: a case report

This study aimed to help improve the diagnosis and treatment of isolated myeloid sarcoma. We report the case of a female adolescent patient with isolated meningeal myeloid sarcoma. She was admitted to our department because of vomiting, headache and hearing loss. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple intracranial space-occupying lesions. A complete examination, including morphology, cytology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics and molecular biology tests of cerebrospinal fluid and bone marrow, was conducted. The diagnosis of primary myeloid sarcoma of the central nervous system with mixed lineage leukemia gene rearrangement with AF6 was established. The patient underwent systemic chemotherapy and intrathecal treatment followed by whole-brain radiotherapy. She achieved complete remission for 84 months and has not developed bone marrow involvement during follow-up. The combination of morphology, cytology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics and molecular analysis can improve the definite diagnosis of isolated myeloid sarcoma. </jats:p