Određivanje samozagrijavanja etalonskog platinskog otporničkog termometra

U sklopu ovog rada osmišljena je i projektirana linija za ispitivanje samozagrijavanja termometara u Laboratoriju za procesna mjerenja na Fakultetu strojarstva i brodogradnje u Zagrebu. Svrha rada je objasniti pojavu samozagrijavanja termometra te pokazati utjecaj strujanja različitih medija, različitim brzinama na efekt samozagrijavanja. Također su provedena i probna mjerena kako bi se linija ispitala i, po potrebi, unaprijedila

Mineralogy in long-term nuclear waste managment

Većina radioaktivnog otpada potječe iz nuklearnih elektrana u obliku iskorištenog goriva. Radioaktivni otpad podijeljen je u tri skupine: nisko radioaktivni, srednje radioaktivni i visoko radioaktivni otpad. Iako je to uglavnom kruti otpad, kemijskim reakcijama otpuštaju se pokretljivi radionuklidi koji mogu doći u biosferu. Zaštitu od visoko radioaktivnog otpada vrši se dubokim zakopavanjem samog otpada, ispod saturirane zone podzemnih voda. Razlog tome su Pu i U koji se najzastupljeniji elementi, a najstabilniji su u anoksičnim uvjetima. Geosfera na tri načina služi kao zaštita pri odlaganju nuklearnog otpada: zaklanja od zračenja, štiti izgrađene barijere i produljuje put radionuklidima prema površini. Odlaganje se vrši u različitim geološkim formacijama: kristalinske podloge, sitnozrnate sedimentne stijene i uslojene soli (evaporiti) koje svojim karakteristikama osiguravaju najveću zaštitu.Most radioactive waste derives from nuclear power plants as spent fuel. Nuclear waste has been divided in three main groups: Low Level Waste, Intermediate Level Waste and High Level Waste. Althought this waste is mainly solid, during various chemical reactions mobile radionuclids can be formed and find their way into the biosfere. Protection from HLW is provided with deep geological disposal, below water – saturated zone. The reason for that are Pu and U which are the most stable in completely anoxic conditions. The geosphere provides three elements of containment: shielding, protection for the engineered barriers and long pathway for radionuclide return to the surface. Disposal has been considered in very different geological formations: crystaline basements, fine-grained sedimentary rocks and bedded salt deposits (evaporites)

Relationship Between Functional Disabilities and Home Care Needs of Elderly in the City of Zagreb

The demographic profile of the Republic of Croatia is changing intensively. According to published research, it is estimated that soon every fourth resident in Croatia including the City of Zagreb will be older than 65 years. Increased number of the elderly also increases the need for elderly care. Long-term care services make people dependent on someone else\u27s help over a longer period. Help most usually involves satisfying basic daily activities such as feeding, bathing, dressing, moving, maintaining personal hygiene, doing housework, and other similar activities. The aim of this work was to determine the functional status of the elderly in the City of Zagreb, and to investigate whether there are differences in self-assessed personal quality of life and functional status depending on whether the health care in the home of the elderly is provided. The study was conducted on elderly of both sexes (N = 100) from the City of Zagreb divided into the group of those who receive health care at home and those who have no need for such care. Structured questionnaire with sociodemographic issues of WHOQOL-BREF and scale of Bartel\u27s daily activity index were assessed. The study showed statistically significant differences in functional ability between the observed groups. The elderly receiving home health care have grater functional disability compared to the group of elderly not receiving home health care despite no statistically significant differences between groups in self-assessed quality of life

Forest pests in national parks of croatia and ecologically acceptable protective measures

Stabilnost ekosustava nacionalnih parkova ugrožena je na dvjema razinama. Na lokalnoj razini govorimo o biljnim bolestima, štetnicima i lokalnim onečišćenjima, a na drugoj globalnoj razini, o promjeni klime. Termin globalna promjena klime ponajprije se odnosi na zatopljenje prouzročeno antropogenim povećanjem količine stakleničkih plinova, što inicira bezbrojne negativne utjecaje na ekosustav šume i pozitivne utjecaje na rasprostranjenje i fiziološko stanje kukaca. Iz tog razloga očekuje se pojačani napad primarnih i osobito sekundarnih štetnika. Napadu su osobito izložena oslabljena i starija stabla svih vrsta kojima je smanjena otpornost na napad štetočinja. Takvih stabala je, zbog reducirane sječe u nacionalnim parkovima, sve više, što će u skoroj budućnosti sigurno biti značajan problem. Na klimu kao globalnog uzročnika odumiranja šuma uglavnom ne možemo utjecati pa štetočinje ostaju činitelj na kojega možemo direktno utjecati primjenom ekološki prihvatljivih mjera i sredstava zaštite. Ekološki prihvatljive metode zaštite od napada štetočinja su prije svih preventivne (uzgojne i šumskohigijenske mjere), dok kurativne mjere podrazumijevaju mehaničko suzbijanje štetočinja, tehnologiju sterilnih insekata, aplikaciju bioloških pripravaka, primjenu feromona te "privuci i uništi" tehnologiju. Do neke razine nacionalni parkovi će moći opstajati, samo uz preventivne, ali i kurativne mjere zaštite od štetočinja. Danas su razvijene djelotvorne metode i preparati za zaštitu koji zadovoljavaju i najstrože ekološke norme. No, djelotvornu zaštitu i održivi razvoj nacionalnih parkova u širem smislu postići ćemo ako svoje aktivnosti (onečišćenje) racionaliziramo u znatno većem stupnju, tako da zaštićena područja budu u boljem okruženju nego je danas sluča

Awareness of Testicular Cancer Among the Male Population in the Republic of Croatia

Testicular cancer is the most common tumour in men of reproductive age. The incidence has increased in the last few years, both globally and in the Republic of Croatia. no studies have been conducted in the republic of croatia that show the level of knowledge about testicular cancer, so this study was conducted to examine the knowledge and attitudes of the male population about testicular cancer, to determine whether there are differences in knowledge and attitudes between members of the male population from rural and those from urban areas, and to examine how to increase the awareness of the male population about the prevention of testicular cancer. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 respondents from rural and urban areas of the Republic of Croatia. The study was conducted using an anonymous survey questionnaire. Knowledge of risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment methods, and self-examination was examined. The results did not show a significant difference in the knowledge and attitudes between participants from rural and those from urban areas. However, the overall level of knowledge about testicular cancer has been shown to be low and efforts need to be made to improve prevention programs to protect the health of the male population

Usporedba temporalnog zadovoljstva životom studenata sestrinstva Republike Hrvatske i Republike Bugarske

Introduction. Temporal satisfaction with life can be defined as satisfaction of an individual with their past, present and future life. When conducting a classic study of satisfaction with life, the focus is placed on different periods in life in order to avoid a potential error in measuring satisfaction with life. Closely connected to the concept of satisfaction with life is the concept of happiness, which represents a momentary, passing experience. Although it is pleasant, it can last for a shorter or longer time period. Satisfaction with life is a much more complex concept. Many authors define it as a general feeling or opinion about the life of an individual. There are a number of factors from different areas of life that contribute to satisfaction with life. They include work, romantic relationships, relations with family and friends, personal growth and health, among others. The measures of satisfaction with life are generally subjective or they are based on variables that an individual considers especially important in their own life. Aim. The aim is to question and compare the differences in temporal satisfaction with life among nursing students in Croatia and Bulgaria. Methods. The study included 100 nursing students, out of which 50 students are studying in the Republic of Croatia and 50 in the Republic of Bulgaria. The study used a questionnaire as an instrument of research. The questionnaire was The Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (hereinafter TSWLS), which was devised in 1998 by Pavot and associates. Results. A statistically significant difference was found in 9 out of 15 statements. Furthermore, a statistically noticeable difference is seen in the average evaluation of overall temporal satisfaction with life between Croatian and Bulgarian nursing students. Conclusion. The study determined statistically significant differences in temporal satisfaction with life amongst students of nursing from Croatia and Bulgaria.Uvod. Temporalno zadovoljstvo životom može se definirati kao zadovoljstvo pojedinca prošlim, sadašnjim i budućim životom. Kako bi se smanjila potencijalna pogreška mjerenja zadovoljstva životom, u klasično istraživanje zadovoljstva životom stavlja se fokus na različita životna razdoblja. Usko uz pojam zadovoljstva životom veže se pojam sreće koja predstavlja trenutačno, prolazno iskustvo; iako je ugodno, može se dogoditi da traje duže ili kraće. Zadovoljstvo životom, s druge strane, mnogo je kompleksniji pojam, odnosno brojni autori definiraju ga kao opći osjećaj o životu pojedinca. Postoji mnogo čimbenika koji pridonose zadovoljstvu životom s brojnih područja, uključujući posao, romantične veze, odnose s obitelji i prijateljima, osobni razvoj, zdravlje te mnoge druge faktore. Mjere zadovoljstva životom općenito su subjektivne ili se temelje na varijablama koje pojedinac smatra osobno važnima u vlastitom životu. Cilj. Ispitati i usporediti razlike u temporalnom zadovoljstvu životom studenata sestrinstva Republike Hrvatske i Republike Bugarske. Metode. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno ukupno 100 studenata sestrinstva, od čega 50 ispitanika studira sestrinstvo u Republici Hrvatskoj, a 50 u Republici Bugarskoj. U istraživanju se kao instrument ispitivanja primijenio anketni upitnik Skala temporalnog zadovoljstva životom (Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale, dalje u tekstu TSWLS), koju su 1998. godine osmislili Pavot i suradnici. Rezultati. Pronađena je statistički značajna razlika u ocjenama devet od 15 tvrdnji. Nadalje, statistički značajna razlika vidljiva je u prosječnoj ocjeni ukupnoga temporalnog zadovoljstva životom između studenata sestrinstva iz RH i RB. Zaključak. Istraživanjem su utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u temporalnom zadovoljstvu životom studenata sestrinstva iz Republike Hrvatske i Republike Bugarske