88 research outputs found
Oksidacijski stres u toksiÄnosti triazinskih pesticida - pregled glavnih biomarkera
This review article provides a summary of the studies relying on oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in particular) to investigate the effects of atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure in experimental animals and humans published since 2010. In general, experimental animals showed that atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure mostly affected their antioxidant defences and, to a lesser extent, lipid peroxidation, but the effects varied by the species, sex, age, herbicide concentration, and duration of exposure. Most of the studies involved aquatic organisms as useful and sensitive bio-indicators of environmental pollution and important part of the food chain. In laboratory mice and rats changes in oxidative stress markers were visible only with exposure to high doses of atrazine. Recently, our group reported that low-dose terbuthylazine could also induce oxidative stress in Wistar rats. It is evident that any experimental assessment of pesticide toxic effects should take into account a combination of several oxidative stress and antioxidant defence biomarkers in various tissues and cell compartments. The identified effects in experimental models should then be complemented and validated by epidemiological studies. This is important if we wish to understand the impact of pesticides on human health and to establish safe limits.Ovaj pregledni Älanak daje sažetak studija objavljenih od 2010. godine o djelovanju atrazina i terbutilazina na parametre oksidacijskog stresa (osobito lipidnu peroksidaciju i antioksidacijske enzime) u eksperimentalnih životinja i ljudi. OpÄenito je utvrÄeno da izloženost eksperimentalnih životinja atrazinu i terbutilazinu najviÅ”e utjeÄe na njihovu antioksidacijsku obranu i u manjoj mjeri na lipidnu peroksidaciju, ali uÄinci variraju ovisno o vrsti, spolu, dobi, koncentraciji herbicida i trajanju izlaganja. VeÄina studija ukljuÄivala je vodene organizme kao korisne i osjetljive bio-pokazatelje oneÄiÅ”Äenja okoliÅ”a i važan dio prehrambenog lanca. U laboratorijskih miÅ”eva i Å”takora promjene u markerima oksidacijskog stresa bile su vidljive samo nakon izloženosti visokim dozama atrazina. U svojem smo nedavnom izvjeÅ”Äu iznijeli podatak da niske doze terbutilazina takoÄer mogu inducirati oksidacijski stres u Wistar Å”takora. OÄigledno je da pri svakoj eksperimentalnoj procjeni toksiÄnih uÄinaka pesticida treba uzeti u obzir kombinaciju nekoliko biomarkera oksidacijskog stresa i antioksidacijske obrane u razliÄitim tkivima i stanicama. UÄinci identificirani u eksperimentalnim modelima trebaju se nadopunjavati i potvrditi epidemioloÅ”kim istraživanjima. To je važno ako želimo razumjeti utjecaj pesticida na ljudsko zdravlje i uspostaviti sigurnu granicu izloženosti
Ekklesiogene Neurosen in psychopathologischen Formen von ReligiositƤt
Uz neprijeporno velike pozitivne doprinose religioznosti u
psihiÄkom životu pojedinca, religioznost može katkada biti i
riziÄan faktor za njegovo duÅ”evno zdravlje. Jedan od tih riziÄnih
faktora, odnosno bolesti, jesu ekleziogene neuroze. Pojam
ekleziogenih neuroza ā neuroza uvjetovanih crkvenom
institucijom ā nerijetko se susreÄe u psiholoÅ”koj i psihoanalitiÄkoj
literaturi, no najÄeÅ”Äe usputno i bez detaljne analize. Ovo
istraživanje kani razmotriti prisutnost ekleziogenih neuroza kod
osoba nezrele i ekstrinziÄne religioznosti unutar crkvene
institucije. PolazeÄi od neurotiÄnih simptoma suvremenoga
druŔtva, autori se zaustavljaju na ekleziogenim neurozama kod
psihopatoloŔkih tipova religioznosti i nastoje otkriti njihove
temeljne predispozicije. U analizi psihopatoloŔkih bolesti vjernika
autori predoÄuju psihopatoloÅ”ke stilove kanaliziranja njihovih
psiholoÅ”kih poteÅ”koÄa kroz sustave vjerskih vrednota. Posljednji
dio ovoga multidisciplinarnog pristupa teoloŔko-medicinskih i
psiholoÅ”kih spoznaja usredotoÄen je na psiholoÅ”ko i duhovno
pružanje pomoÄi osobama oboljelima od ekleziogenih neuroza.Along with the undoubtedly very positive contributions of
religiosity to the mental life of an individual, religiosity could
sometimes be a risk factor for oneās mental health. One of these
risk factors, i.e. diseases, is ecclesiogenic neuroses. The term
ecclesiogenic neurosis ā neurosis caused by the institution of the
church ā is often encountered in psychological and psychoanalytical
literature, but mostly in a superficial manner and without
detailed analysis. This research intends to examine the occurrence
of ecclesiogenic neuroses in persons of immature and
extrinsic religiosity within the institution of the church. Drawing
on the neurotic symptoms of contemporary society, the authors
concentrate on ecclesiogenic neuroses in psychopathological
types of religiosity and strive to discover their basic
predispositions. In the analysis of psychopathological diseases of
religious persons the authors present the psychopathological
styles of channelling their mental problems through the systems
of religious values. The final part of this paper presenting the
multidisciplinary approach of theological-medical and
psychological learning focuses on psychological and spiritual
assistance to persons diagnosed with ecclesiogenic neuroses.Auch wenn sich ReligiositƤt zweifelsohne ƤuĆerst positiv auf
das Seelenleben des Einzelnen auswirken kann, kann sie
mitunter auch bestimmte Risikofaktoren bergen, die die
seelische Gesundheit gefƤhrden. Zu diesen Risikofaktoren
bzw. Erkrankungen gehƶren sog. ekklesiogene Neurosen.
Der Begriff der ekklesiogenen Neurosen ā durch die
Institution der Kirche hervorgerufene Neurosen ā ist hƤufig in
der psychologischen und psychoanalytischen Fachliteratur
anzutreffen, wo er jedoch meist nur beilƤufig und ohne
detaillierte Analysen erwƤhnt wird. Die vorliegende
Untersuchung widmet sich dem Bestehen ekklesiogener
Neurosen bei Personen, die eine unreife und extrinsische
Form von ReligiositƤt innerhalb der Kircheninstitution
manifestieren. Die Verfasser gehen von den neurotischen
Symptomen der modernen Gesellschaft aus, konzentrieren
sich auf ekklesiogene Neurosen im Falle
psychopathologischer Typen von ReligiositƤt und versuchen,
deren Grundvoraussetzungen aufzudecken. In ihrer Analyse
psychopathologischer Erkrankungen von GlƤubigen
prƤsentieren die Verfasser psychopathologische
VerhaltensausprƤgungen, anhand deren psychologische
Probleme durch religiƶse Wertesysteme kanalisiert werden
sollen. Der letzte Teil dieses multidisziplinƤren Ansatzes
theologisch-medizinischer und psychologischer Erkenntnisse
konzentriert sich auf psychologische und geistige
Hilfeleistungen fĆ¼r Menschen, die an ekklesiogenen
Neurosen leiden
Cytokinins and urea derivatives stimulate seed germination in Lotus corniculatus L.
We studied the effects of various cytokinins and urea derivatives on germination of aged seeds of in Lotus corniculatus L. The following substances were applied: N6-isoprenoid cytokinins (isopentenyl adenine and zeatin), adenine sulfate, N6-aromatic cytokinins (kinetin, benzyladenine) and their N9-ribosides, N-benzyl-9-(2- tetrahydropyranyl)adenine, and urea derivatives (diphenylurea, thidiazuron, and chloro-pyridyl phenylurea). With the exception of adenine sulfate, all cytokinins increased the percentage of seed germination up to twofold, depending on their kind and concentration. It is concluded that cytokinins may be among the missing factors in aged seeds of L. corniculatus contributing to the implementation of their full germination potential. They could be used to improve germination of both freshly harvested and aged seed samples, if necessary.
Zastupljenost i specijacija žive u jadranskom planktonu, Å”koljkaÅ”ima i ribi ā pregled
This article presents an overview of available research on mercury speciation in the most studied biota of the Adriatic Sea as a specific biogeochemical subunit of the Mediterranean. We present current knowledge about mercury concentration, speciation, spatial distribution and temporal changes in plankton, bivalves and fish from the Adriatic Sea. Results from mercury speciation studies in marine organisms are used to describe the extent of mercury bioaccumulation in the Adriatic Sea. Mercury biogeochemical cycle in the Adriatic is characterised by increased mercury concentrations from the water column, through plankton, bivalves and smaller fish to predator fish species. Although the Adriatic Sea has the highest mercury concentration in the whole Mediterranean Sea, fish species at the higher trophic levels have similar mercury concentrations everywhere in the Mediterranean, indicating incomplete understanding of the transfer mechanisms of mercury from seawater to upper trophic levels. As consumption of (contaminated) food is the main route of human exposure to mercury, it is of great importance to understand the influence of mercury contamination in the Adriatic Sea.Ovaj Älanak predstavlja pregled dostupnih istraživanja o specijaciji žive u najprouÄavanijoj bioti Jadranskog mora kao posebne biogeokemijske podjedinice Mediterana. Predstavljamo postojeÄe znanje o koncentraciji žive, specijaciji, prostornoj raspodjeli i vremenskim promjenama u planktonu, Å”koljkaÅ”ima i ribi Jadranskog mora. Rezultati studija o specijaciji žive u morskim organizmima su koriÅ”teni za opis razdiobe bioakumulacije žive u Jadranskom moru. Biogeokemijski ciklus žive u Jadranu karakterizira poveÄanje koncentracije žive od vodenog stupca, preko planktona, Å”koljkaÅ”a i manjih riba do predatorskih ribljih vrsta. Iako Jadransko more sadrži najviÅ”e koncentracije žive u cijelom Mediteranu, riblje vrste na viÅ”im trofiÄkim razinama imaju sliÄne koncentracije žive posvuda u Mediteranu, ukazujuÄi na nepotpuno razumijevanje prijenosnih mehanizama žive iz morske vode na viÅ”e trofiÄke razine. BuduÄi da je konzumiranje (kontaminirane) hrane glavni put ljudske izloženosti živi, od iznimne je važnosti razumijevanje utjecaja kontaminacije živom u Jadranskom moru
Superoxide dismutase activity and isoenzyme profiles in bulbs of snake's head fritillary in response to cold treatment
The activities and isoenzyme profiles of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in in vitro Fritillaria meleagris bulbs in response to cold treatment (4Ā°C) were investigated. Differences in SOD activity and isoenzyme profiles in bulbs under standard growth conditions, six weeks chilling, as well as seven days after the completion of cold treatment are presented. SOD activity initially decreased but then rapidly increased seven days after cold treatment. Four isoforms of SOD are active under standard and chilling conditions, while three isoforms are presented 7 days after cold treatment. Native gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of mitochondrial and chloroplast localized SODs.
Superoxide dismutase activity and isoenzyme profiles in bulbs of snake's head fritillary in response to cold treatment
The activities and isoenzyme profiles of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in in vitro Fritillaria meleagris bulbs in response to cold treatment (4Ā°C) were investigated. Differences in SOD activity and isoenzyme profiles in bulbs under standard growth conditions, six weeks chilling, as well as seven days after the completion of cold treatment are presented. SOD activity initially decreased but then rapidly increased seven days after cold treatment. Four isoforms of SOD are active under standard and chilling conditions, while three isoforms are presented 7 days after cold treatment. Native gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of mitochondrial and chloroplast localized SODs.ProuÄavana je aktivnost i izoenzimski profil superoksid dizmutaze (SOD) u lukovicama Fritillaria meleagris gajenim u uslovima in vitro kao odgovor na tretman hlaÄenja. Prikazane su razlike u aktivnosti SOD kao i izoenzimskim profilima kod lukovica na standardnim uslovima gajenja, posle Å”est nedelja hlaÄenja i sedam dana posle zavrÅ”etka tretmana hlaÄenja. Aktivnost SOD se smanjuje tokom hlaÄenja dok se znaÄajno poveÄava sedam dana posle hlaÄenja. Äetiri SOD izoforme su aktivne tokom gajenja u standardnim uslovima i tokom hlaÄenja dok su tri izoforme detektovane sedam dana posle hladnog tretmana. Nativna gel elektroforeza je pokazala prisustvo aktivnosti mitohondrijalne i hloroplastne SOD.Projekat ministarstva br. 143026
Supplementary data for article: MiÅ”iÄ, D.; Å iler, B.; GaÅ”iÄ, U.; Avramov, S.; ŽivkoviÄ, S.; ŽivkoviÄ, J. N.; MilutinoviÄ, M.; TeÅ”iÄ, Ž. Simultaneous UHPLC/DAD/(+/-)HESI-MS/MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids and Nepetalactones in Methanol Extracts of Nepeta Species: A Possible Application in Chemotaxonomic Studies. Phytochemical Analysis 2015, 26 (1), 72ā85. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.2538
Supporting information for: [https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.2538]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1663
Dehydration-related changes of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity in fronds of the resurrection fern Asplenium ceterach L.
Asplenium ceterach belongs to a group of poikilohydric ferns and it can recover uninjured from an almost completely dehydrated state. In our study, short term dehydration (24h) at four different water potentials, resulted in moderate water loss (partial desiccation) in fern tissue. The main phenolic acids represented in A. ceterach were chlorogenic (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA) and their content decreased during the dehydration process. For the first time, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isoforms were determined in the rustyback fern. The results exhibit the presence of numerous anionic POD isoforms, with pI ranging from 4.4 to 5.8, but none of the cationic isoforms was detected. Two PPO isoforms were identified, one anionic with pI 6.3 and one cationic with pI of about 9.0. Short-term dehydration brought about a remarkable increase in POD and PPO activity using CGA as a substrate. Changes in enzyme activity and content of substrates during dehydration may play an important role in the adaptation of the rustyback fern to water deficit, and increase the overall plant resistance to stress conditions.nul
METABOLIÄKI SINDROM U SHIZOFRENIJI: PREPOZNAVANJE I MOGUÄNOSTI PREVENCIJE
Shizofrenija je etioloÅ”ki kompleksna, kroniÄna progresivna bolest, koja zbog svoje dugotrajnosti i prirode simptoma
nosi rizik za razvoj razliÄitih tjelesnih bolesti. PoremeÄaj metabolizma poznat kao metaboliÄki sindrom ili sindrom X
(kao konstelacija visceralne debljine, poviÅ”enog krvnog tlaka, dislipidemije i intolerancije glukoze), ženski spol, etniÄka
pripadnost, viÅ”a životna dob, dužina trajanja bolesti, puÅ”enje i uzimanje antipsihotiÄne terapije, riziÄni su Äimbenici za
razvoj kardiovaskularnih i cerebrovaskularnih bolesti, dijabetesa melitusa tipa 2 i rani mortalitet shizofrenih bolesnika.
Primjena antipsihotika u shizofrenih bolesnika, naroÄito antipsihotika nove generacije, bitno poveÄava pojavnost
metaboliÄkog sindroma. DosadaÅ”nje studije nedvojbeno su utvrdile povezanost primjene nekih novih antipsihotika i
poveÄanu pojavnost metaboliÄkog sindroma. Sukladno toj spoznaji proveli smo tijekom jedne godine istraživanje Äiji
je cilj bio probir shizofrenih bolesnika s kriterijima za metaboliÄki sindrom koji su zbog akutne bolesti primani na
bolniÄko lijeÄenje u Kliniku za psihijatriju KBC-a Zagreb i Neuropsihijatrijsku bolnicu āDr. Ivan Barbotā u PopovaÄi.
Analizom rezultata utvrdili smo da je pretilost znaÄajno povezana s pojavom metaboliÄkog sindroma kao i da pojavnost
metaboliÄkog sindroma pokazuje tendenciju ÄeÅ”Äeg javljanja u bolesnika s pet i viÅ”e godina trajanja bolesti. U zakljuÄku
istiÄemo da je debljina temeljni Äimbenik razvoja metaboliÄkog sindroma te sukladno s tim nalazom smatramo uputnim
uvesti rutinsko praÄenje pokazatelja metaboliÄkog sindroma s ciljem prevencije tjelesnih komplikacija i angažiranjem
samih bolesnika u brizi za osobni izgled, socijalno i tjelesno zdravlje i poboljŔanje kvalitete života
METABOLIÄKI SINDROM U SHIZOFRENIJI: PREPOZNAVANJE I MOGUÄNOSTI PREVENCIJE
Shizofrenija je etioloÅ”ki kompleksna, kroniÄna progresivna bolest, koja zbog svoje dugotrajnosti i prirode simptoma
nosi rizik za razvoj razliÄitih tjelesnih bolesti. PoremeÄaj metabolizma poznat kao metaboliÄki sindrom ili sindrom X
(kao konstelacija visceralne debljine, poviÅ”enog krvnog tlaka, dislipidemije i intolerancije glukoze), ženski spol, etniÄka
pripadnost, viÅ”a životna dob, dužina trajanja bolesti, puÅ”enje i uzimanje antipsihotiÄne terapije, riziÄni su Äimbenici za
razvoj kardiovaskularnih i cerebrovaskularnih bolesti, dijabetesa melitusa tipa 2 i rani mortalitet shizofrenih bolesnika.
Primjena antipsihotika u shizofrenih bolesnika, naroÄito antipsihotika nove generacije, bitno poveÄava pojavnost
metaboliÄkog sindroma. DosadaÅ”nje studije nedvojbeno su utvrdile povezanost primjene nekih novih antipsihotika i
poveÄanu pojavnost metaboliÄkog sindroma. Sukladno toj spoznaji proveli smo tijekom jedne godine istraživanje Äiji
je cilj bio probir shizofrenih bolesnika s kriterijima za metaboliÄki sindrom koji su zbog akutne bolesti primani na
bolniÄko lijeÄenje u Kliniku za psihijatriju KBC-a Zagreb i Neuropsihijatrijsku bolnicu āDr. Ivan Barbotā u PopovaÄi.
Analizom rezultata utvrdili smo da je pretilost znaÄajno povezana s pojavom metaboliÄkog sindroma kao i da pojavnost
metaboliÄkog sindroma pokazuje tendenciju ÄeÅ”Äeg javljanja u bolesnika s pet i viÅ”e godina trajanja bolesti. U zakljuÄku
istiÄemo da je debljina temeljni Äimbenik razvoja metaboliÄkog sindroma te sukladno s tim nalazom smatramo uputnim
uvesti rutinsko praÄenje pokazatelja metaboliÄkog sindroma s ciljem prevencije tjelesnih komplikacija i angažiranjem
samih bolesnika u brizi za osobni izgled, socijalno i tjelesno zdravlje i poboljŔanje kvalitete života
- ā¦