Stritarjevi in Aškerčevi lirski popotni cikli

V nasprotju s prevladujočimi pripovednimi žanri potopisne književnosti predstavljajo njeno lirsko vrsto pesmi s popotniško motiviko, ki sta jih tako Josip Stritar kot Anton Aškerc po trikrat povezala v lirske cikle. Ker sta prizaporedju upoštevala kronotop potovanja, sta tako oblikovala nedominantno narativno strukturo sintagmatskega cikla, s tem pa tudi implicitno zgodbo o potovanju oziroma lirski ciklični potopis, varianto v 19. stoletju na Slovenskem zelo popularnega potopisja. Vendar sta uresničevala različni težnji: Stritar je s temi cikli liriziral v izhodišču pripovedno zvrsti[!] potopisa, Aškerc pa je z njimi liriko približal dominantnim pripovednim zvrstem v realizmu

Ajdovščina (Castra) – the extra muros settlement

V prvem delu so prikazani pomembnejši rezultati raziskav rimskodobne Ajdovščine (Fluvio Frigido; Castra) pred letom 2013. V drugem delu podajamo izsledke arheoloških izkopavanj iz let 2006−2007, ki so potekala zunaj obzidja, na južni in zahodni strani. Odkriti so bili temelji stavb iz srednjega in poznega cesarskega obdobja, plasti nasutij in odpad kovaške žlindre. Analiza drobnih najdb podpira domnevo o kontinuirani poselitvi Ajdovščine od sredine 1. st. n. št. do sredine ali celo druge polovice 5. st. V razpravo so ponujeni novi pogledi na vlogo in pomen Kastre v sklopu sistema zapor claustra Alpium Iuliarum in na zaključno fazo rimskodobne poselitve.The first part of the contribution presents the most prominent results of the earlier research into the Roman-period Ajdovščina (Fluvio Frigido; Castra), conducted prior to 2013. The second part brings the results of the archaeological excavations in 2006−2007 that took place extra muros, south and west of the fortress’ defence walls. The latter excavations unearthed the foundations of buildings dating to the Middle and Late Imperial periods, but also layers of levelling deposits and refuse of smithing slag. The analysis of the small finds supports the hypothesis of a continuous occupation of the settlement from the mid-1st century AD to the middle or even the second half of the 5th century. The discussion also offers new insights into the role of Castra in the claustra Alpium Iuliarum barrier system and into the final phase of Roman-period settlement

Abnormal cervical cytologic findings in adolescents

Cilj: Odrediti pojavnost i dinamiku abnormalnih citoloških nalaza vrata maternice u adolescentica i usporediti je s onom u žena odrasle dobi. Metode: Retrospektivno su istraženi citološki nalazi obrisa vrata maternice na Odjelu za citologiju Opće bolnice Virovitica u razdoblju 2003.­2007. godine. Ispitanice su prema životnoj dobi podijeljene u dvije skupine: 38 (3,7%) adolescentica (15­19 godina) i 985 (96,3%) žena odrasle dobi (≥20 godina). Rezultati: Pronađeno je 1748 (6,43%) abnormalnih citoloških nalaza vrata maternice u 1023 (4,75%) žena. U adolescentica je značajno manja učestalost abnormalnih citoloških nalaza (2,99% vs. 8,55%, χ2=65,030; p=0,0001) u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu zrelih žena. U obje skupine je najveća učestalost nalaza CIN I. U skupini adolescentica je značajno veća učestalost CIN I nalaza u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu žena (71,1% vs. 42,5%, χ2=12,089; p=0,005) i veća učestalost nepromijenjenog nalaza ili regresije abnormalnog citološkog nalaza, dok je u žena odrasle dobi bila veća učestalost progresije u viši tip abnormalnog citološkog nalaza bez statističke značajnosti (p>0,05). Zaključak: U svrhu zaštite reproduktivnog zdravlja adolescentica potrebno je programom citološkog probira kao sekundarne prevencije što ranije obuhvatiti spolno aktivne adolescentice, uvesti edukativne programe u završne razrede osnovnih škola radi podizanja znanja i razvijanja odgovornog spolnog ponašanja, a time i smanjenja rizika od svih spolno prenosivih bolesti pa i HPV infekcije i njezinih posljedica te provesti imunizaciju protiv HPV, kao primarnu prevenciju infekcije u dobnoj skupini djevojčica između 10 i 13 godina.Aim: To determine and comparison the prevalence and dynamics of abnormal cervical cytologic findings in adolescents and other age groups. Methods: A retrospective study based on the original database made at Cytology Department of the Virovitica County Hospital, was performed. The source of data were cervical smears taken from women referred for a check­up or with vaginal itching/discharge in a 5­year period (2003­2007). Analyses were performed using age stratification and cytologic results. Results: According to the age, 38 patients (3.7%) were adolescents (15­19 years old) and 985 (96,3%) were aged 20 or older. In 1023 (4,75%) were found 1748 (6,43%) abnormal cervical cytologic findings. Overall prevalence of abnormal cytologic findings in 2,99% adolescents was significantly lower as compared to in 8,55% control adults group (χ2=65,030; p=0,0001). The prevalence of CIN I in adolescents was 71,1% as compared to 42,5% in adults (χ2=12,089; p=0,005). Presence and development of progression into a high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was frequently observed in older women, but not significantly (p>0,05). Conclusion: Effective, developmentally appropriate educational protocols about HPV and other most common sexually transmitted viruses and Pap tests are important in clinical settings as cervical cancer screening. Routine testing for this population is recommended as well as implementation of school based sexual health education because of their risk­taking sexual behavior. Education about HPV may also prevent adverse psychosocial responses and promote healthy sexual and Pap screening behaviors in adolescents with abnormal HPV or Pap test results. Prophylactic HPV vaccination of females has been suggested at 10­13 years and represents an exciting means of protection against HPV related malignancy