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    MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND HYBRIDIZATION PATTERNS OF Abramis brama × Rutilus rutilus HYBRIDS FROM MODRAC RESERVOIR, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

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    Interspecijska hibridizacija u porodici Cyprinidae zabilježena je širom svijeta, a Abramis brama (deverika) i Rutilus rutilus (bodorka) su jedan od često prijavljenih hibridizirajućih parova. Jedini opis takvog događaja u Bosni i Hercegovini potiče iz akumulacije Modrac. Koristeći morfološke i molekularne markere, istražili smo prisutnost hibrida, odredili smjer hibridizacije i procijenili strukturu hibridnih skupina u ovom ekosustavu. Naša su otkrića potvrdila nesmetanu prirodnu hibridizaciju bodorke i deverike u akumulaciji Modrac. Primjenom NewHybrids softvera, preko 50% hibridnih primjeraka klasificirano je kao F2 hibridi, dok su ostali kategorizirani kao čisti roditeljski oblik, što je prvi takav nalaz u Europi. Analiza mitohondrijskog citokroma b pokazala je da 90% hibridnih jedinki ima majčinsko podrijetlo od deverike. Hibridna skupina izrazila je veće srednje vrijednosti promatrane heterozigotnosti i raznolikosti gena u odnosu na obje roditeljske vrste. Otkriveni su znakovi introgresivne hibridizacije između roditeljskih vrsta. Čini se da hibridna zona akumulacije Modrac slijedi intermedijarni ili "ravni" hibridni model zasnovan na uravnoteženoj raspodjeli roditeljskih i hibridnih genotipova. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kako bi se rasvijetlili čimbenici koji omogućuju preživljavanje i uspjeh u parenju jedinki poslije F1 generacije.Interspecific hybridization in the Cyprinidae family has been recorded worldwide, with Abramis brama (bream) and Rutilus rutilus (roach) as one of the often-reported hybridizing pairs. The only account of such an event in Bosnia and Herzegovina has been in Modrac Reservoir. Using morphological and molecular markers, the presence of hybrids was surveyed, the hybridization direction was determined and the hybrid group structure in this ecosystem was evaluated. Our findings confirmed unhindered natural hybridization between roach and bream in Modrac Reservoir. Over 50% of the hybrid specimens were classified as F2 hybrids by the NewHybrids software, while the rest were categorized as pure parental form, making it the first such finding in Europe. The analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b showed that 90% of hybrid individuals were of bream maternal origin. The hybrid group expressed higher mean values of observed heterozygosity and gene diversity than both parental species. Signs of introgressive hybridization between parental species were detected. The hybrid zone of Modrac Reservoir appears to follow the intermediate or “flat” hybrid model based on the balanced distribution of parental and hybrid genotypes. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the factors that enable the survival and mating success of post-F1 individuals
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