Cysteine proteinase inhibitors stefin A and stefin B in operable carcinoma of the head and neck

Purpose. To evaluate the significance of cysteine proteinase inhibitors stefins (Stefs) A and B for a treatment decision and prognosis in operable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Patients and methods. Stefs A and B concentrations were determined immunobiochemically using ELISAs in cytosols prepared from the tumor and adjacent normal mucosa from 91 patients with operable SCCHN. The median follow-up period of patients alive atthe close-out date was 5.8 years (range, 5-9.3 years). Results. Stef A concentrations were significantly higher in tumor compared to normal mucosa (FM.05). When a subgroup with clinically palpable nodes) at presentation was taken into consideration (n=57), a significant difference in Stef A (P=0.03) and Stef B (P=0.02) concentrations between those with negative and positive necks, as determined on histopathological examination, was observed. On the univariate survival analysis, higher Stefsć concentrations turned to be prognostically advantageous. Stef A proved its independent prognostic significance also on multivariate setting. Conclusions. With the capability todifferentiate between the pN0- and pN+-stages of the disease in the patientsoriginally presented as node-positive, Stefs A and B could be useful markers when deciding on the extent of neck surgery. In addition, both Stefs proved to be reliable prognosticators for survival in patients with operable SCCHN

Katepsin D in inhibitorji ter aktivatorji plasminogena tipa 1 v normalnem, benignem in malignem ovarijskem tkivu

Background. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration ofcathepsin D (Cath D) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in normal ovarian tissues, benign and malignant ovarian tumor tissues, and to asses relationship between Cath D and PAI-1 content, and some clinical and pathohistological parameters. Materials and methods. Cath D contents and PAI-1concentrations were determined (using immunoradiometric ELSA-Cath D assayand commercial IMUDIND R ELISA immunoassay, respectively) in 35 samples: 10 normal ovarii, 10 benign, 10 primary malignant and 5 metastatic ovarian tumors. Results. The concentrations of Cath D were significantly higher in malignant (32.89+-14.26 pmol/mg protein ) and metastatic (31.42+-10.24 pmol/mgprotein), than in normal (13.68+-4.03 pmol/mg protein) and benign (17.89+-13.13 pmol/mg protein) ovarian tissues. There was no statistical differences in the concentrations of PAI-1 between normal, benign, malignant and metastatic tumor specimens. The concentrations of Cath D as well as PAI-1 did not correlate to the age of patients, menopausal status, parity, GOG risk group, clinical stage or pathohistological grading. Conclusion. Concentrationsof Cath D (but not PAI-1) were significantly increased in malignant and metastatic ovarian tumor tissues when compared to normal and benign ovarian tumor samplesthey were independent from pathohistological andclinical parameters.Izhodišča. Študijo smo opravili z namenom, da bi določili koncentracijo katepsina D in aktivatorjev ter inhibitorjev plasminogena tipa 1 (PAI-1) v normalnem ovarijskem tkivu ter v tkivu benignega in malignega tumorja ter ocenili razmerje med vsebnostjo katepsina D in PAI-1 in še druge klinične ter patohistološke parametre. Material in metode. V 35 vzorcih (10 vzorcev normalnega ovarijskega tkiva, 10 vzrocev benignega, 10 vzrocev malignega tumorskega tkiva in 5 vzorcev metastatskega ovarijskega tkiva) smo izmerili vsebnost katepsina D (izmerjeno z imunoradiometrično metodo ELISA-Cath D) in koncentracijo PAI-1 (izmerjeno s komercialno imunsko metodo IMUDINDR ELISA). Rezultati. Koncentracija katepsinov D so bile bistveno višje v malignem (32.89+- 14.26 pmol/mg protein) in metastatskem tkivu (31.42 +- 10.24 pmol/mg protein) kot pa v normalnem ovarijskem tkivu (13.68 +- 14.03 pmol/mg protein) ali tkivu benignega ovarijskega tumorja (17.89 +- 13.13 pmol/mg protein). Med koncentracijami PAI-1 v vzorcih normalnega tkiva in vzorcih benignega in malignega tumorskega tkiva ni bilo ugotovljenih statistično pomembnih razlik. Koncentracije katepsina D in PAI-1 tudi niso bile v korelaciji s starostjo bolnic, menopavzo, gravidnistjo, rizičnim GOG skupinam, kliničnemu stadije in patohistološko stopnjo tumorja. Zaključki. Koncentracije katepsina D so bile pomembno večje v malignem in metastatskem ovarijskem tkivu, medtem ko koncentracije PAI-1 niso bile povečane. Koncentracije katepsinov niso bile odvisne od patohistoloških in kliničnih parametrov