Multiple sclerosis - clinical and paraclinical markers for monitoring disease activity and factors influencing its course

Roztroušená skleróza (RS) je chronické neurologické onemocnění, které bez léčby vede u většiny pacientů v průběhu let až dekád k závažné invaliditě. Nemoc zatím neumíme vyléčit, máme ale stále více důkazů, že včasné zahájení protizánětlivé terapie a ovlivnění přidružených komorbidit má na její průběh zásadní vliv. K vyhodnocení faktorů ovlivňujících průběh RS a monitoraci terapeutických prostředků v reálné klinické praxi mají nezastupitelný přínos pacientské registry. Cílem této práce bylo v první řadě vyhodnotit na základě dat Českého celostátního registru pacientů s RS (ReMuS) trendy ve vedení terapie mezi lety 2013 a 2021. Následně práce reaguje prostřednictvím dat registru na nástup pandemie covidu-19 a věnuje se této problematice v kontextu RS. Podíl pacientů v ReMuS léčených vysoce účinnou chorobu modifikující terapií (HE-DMT) se zvýšil v letech 2013 až 2021 z 16,2 % na 37,1 % a podíl terapeuticky-naivních pacientů zahajujících HE-DMT z 2,1 % na 18,5 %. Co se infekce covid-19 týče, na základě dat 958 pacientů s RS a anamnézou covidu-19 jsme určili, že vyšší body mass index, vyšší věk, recentní léčba vysokými dávkami glukokortikoidů a anti-CD20 terapie jsou nezávislými proměnnými asociovanými s pneumonií. Dále jsme analyzovali 1661 očkovaných pacientů s RS bez anamnézy covidu-19 a 495...Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that, without treatment, leads over years to decades to severe disability in most patients. We cannot cure the disease, but there is growing evidence that early initiation of anti-inflammatory therapy and management of associated comorbidities has a major impact on its course. Patient registries have an irreplaceable contribution to evaluating factors influencing the MS course and the monitoring of therapeutic agents in real clinical practice. First, this thesis evaluated therapy management trends between 2013 and 2021 based on data from the Czech National MS Registry (ReMuS). Subsequently, the paper responds to the onset of the covid-19 pandemic through registry data and addresses this issue in the context of MS. The proportion of patients in ReMuS treated with high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (HE-DMT) increased from 16.2% to 37.1% between 2013 and 2021, and the proportion of treatment-naive patients initiating HE-DMT increased from 2.1% to 18.5%. Regarding covid-19 infection, we determined that higher body mass index, older age, recent high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, and anti-CD20 therapy were independent variables associated with pneumonia based on data from 958 MS patients with a history of covid-19. Further, we analyzed...Neurologická klinika 1. LF UK a VFNDepartment of Neurology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague1. lékařská fakultaFirst Faculty of Medicin

Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic, People with Chronic Neurological Disease (Multiple Sclerosis) are Trying to Maintain Physical Activity

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. This disease can manifest itself in many different neurological symptoms such as (gait and balance impairment, sensory deficits, muscle weakness, spasticity, bladder impairment, fatigue, cognitive impairment etc.). For successful disease management not only pharmacological treatment is important, but also a healthy lifestyle including regular physical activity. However, pandemic restrictions limited access to sport facilities and together with home-office regimen, increased the sedentary behaviour in all population. The pandemic level of physical activity in people with MS in the Czech Republic remains unclear. Therefore, using an online cross-sectional survey we aimed to evaluate physical activity (PA) level in people with MS during Covid-19 pandemic. Two hundred ninety-seven persons with MS filled out  online survey, 83 % women, with a mean age 43.7 years (SD 11.3). Most respondents had mild to moderate disability (74 %). During pandemic year 2020, 23 % persons with MS ceased their PA, 18 % reduced their PA, 25 % continued their PA as before, 11 % increased their PA, and 20 % did not perform any PA in the past and did not do so during the pandemic. Aerobic activity was the main type of performed PA, followed by health exercise and yoga. Total of 37 % people reported that their fitness level had decreased during the pandemic. Key words: Covid-19, physical activity, exercise, multiple sclerosis &nbsp

XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách

Title in English: 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 57 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism, or regional public administration

Multiple sclerosis - clinical and paraclinical markers for monitoring disease activity and factors influencing its course

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that, without treatment, leads over years to decades to severe disability in most patients. We cannot cure the disease, but there is growing evidence that early initiation of anti-inflammatory therapy and management of associated comorbidities has a major impact on its course. Patient registries have an irreplaceable contribution to evaluating factors influencing the MS course and the monitoring of therapeutic agents in real clinical practice. First, this thesis evaluated therapy management trends between 2013 and 2021 based on data from the Czech National MS Registry (ReMuS). Subsequently, the paper responds to the onset of the covid-19 pandemic through registry data and addresses this issue in the context of MS. The proportion of patients in ReMuS treated with high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (HE-DMT) increased from 16.2% to 37.1% between 2013 and 2021, and the proportion of treatment-naive patients initiating HE-DMT increased from 2.1% to 18.5%. Regarding covid-19 infection, we determined that higher body mass index, older age, recent high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, and anti-CD20 therapy were independent variables associated with pneumonia based on data from 958 MS patients with a history of covid-19. Further, we analyzed..

Adaptive Synthesis of Functional Amphiphilic Dendrons as a Novel Approach to Artificial Supramolecular Objects

Supramolecular structures, such as micelles, liposomes, polymerosomes or dendrimerosomes, are widely studied and used as drug delivery systems. The behavior of amphiphilic building blocks strongly depends on their spatial distribution and shape of polar and nonpolar component. This report is focused on the development of new versatile synthetic protocols for amphiphilic carbosilane dendrons (amp-CS-DDNs) capable of self-assembly to regular micelles and other supramolecular objects. The presented strategy enables the fine modification of amphiphilic structure in several ways and also enables the facile connection of a desired functionality. DLS experiments demonstrated correlations between structural parameters of amp-CS-DDNs and the size of formed nanoparticles. For detailed information about the organization and spatial distribution of amp-CS-DDNs assemblies, computer simulation models were studied by using molecular dynamics in explicit water