Effects of anhydrous ammonia treatment and Saccharomyces cerevisiae upplementation on the neutral detergent fiber degradability and crude nutrient igestibility of wheat straw in sheep

This study was conducted to determine the effects of anhydrous ammonia treatment and live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yea-Sacc 1026 Powder, cfu/g = 6.6 x 108) supplementation to wheat straw in Menemen type sheep. In two trials, the wheat straw untreated (WS) and treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia (WSNH3) were used. In the first trial, in situ nylon bag method was used to determine the NDF degradation charecteristics of WS and WSNH3 using three rumen cannulated sheeps fed yeast free diet and with 4 g/sheep/day live yeast supplemented diet. To determine in situ NDF degradation charecteristics of wheat straw plus 4 g/sheep/day live yeast-supplemented (WS+Yeast) and treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia plus live yeast-supplemented (WSNH3+yeast) 15 days adaptation period was applied to the cannulated sheep. In the second trial, in vivo classic digestion method was used to determine the crude nutrient digestibility coefficients by using twelve sheep fed four different diets: basal diet (WS) not treated with anhydrous ammonia, treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia (WSNH3), basal diet plus 4 g/sheep/day live yeast-supplemented (WS+Yeast) and treated with 3% anhydrous ammonia plus 4 g/sheep/day live yeast-supplemented (WSNH3+Yeast). Results showed that the effective NDF degradability (pe8) of WS was significantly improved 2.74%, 4.6% and 6.4% by WS+Yeast, WSNH3 and WSNH3+Yeast, respectively. In vivo DM, OM, apparent CP and EE digestibility coefficients of WS were improved with the WS+Yeast, WSNH3 or WSNH3+Yeast (p<0.05). While NDF digestibility coefficient of WS was non-significantly improved by WS+Yeast and WSNH3 (0.44% and 7.43%, respectively), it was significantly improved 11.22% by WSNH3+Yeast

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation and anhydrous ammonia treatment of wheat straw on in-situ degradability and, rumen fermentation and growth performance of yearling lambs

The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation (6.6×108 cfu) and anhydrous ammonia treatment (3%) of wheat straw (WS) were investigated on in-situ dry matter (DM) degradability, and on rumen fermentation and growth performance of lambs. Rumen-fistulated Menemen sheep fed a diet with and without live yeast were used to assess the DM degradability characteristics of WS and ammonia-treated wheat straw (WSNH3). Twenty-six yearling Menemen male lambs were fed in four groups. Lambs of control group (WS) received untreated WS without supplemental yeast, whereas other three groups were fed WS treated with anhydrous ammonia (WSNH3 group), untreated WS and yeast (WS+YEAST group) or WS treated with anhydrous ammonia and yeast (WSNH3+YEAST group). Supplemented live yeast (4 g/d) was added in the diet. Lambs were offered untreated or ammonia treated WS ad-libitum and concentrate was fed at 1% of live body weight. The degradability of the water-insoluble (fraction B) was significantly increased by all of the treatment groups. Potential degradability (A+B), effective DM degradability's (pe2, pe5, and pe8) and average daily weight gain increased only in WSNH3+YEAST group (p<0.05). Voluntary DM intake was not increased by the treatments (p>0.05), but voluntary metabolizable energy and crude protein intake were increased by WSNH3 and by WSNH3+YEAST (p<0.05). Average daily rumen pH was not affected by any of the treatments, but average daily NH3-N was significantly higher in the WSNH3 and WSNH3+YEAST groups, and total volatile fatty acids were significantly higher in the WS+YEAST and WSNH3+YEAST groups. In conclusion, the improvement of feed value of WS was better by the combination of ammonia-treatment and yeast supplementation compared to either treatment alone. Copyright © 2015 by Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Kurutulmuş domates posasının kuzu besisinde kullanılması olanakları üzerinde bir araştırma

This investigation was carried out in order to find out the effect of dried tomato waste levels in the concentrates on fattening performance of weaned lambs. In the study 3 different tomato waste levels were used and live weigth gains, feed consumptions and feed efficiencies of lambs were determined. In the research, 28 heads of 2-2.5 months old male lambs of Menemen genotype were fattened individually for 56 days with isonitrogenic and isocaloric concentrates containing 5 %, 10 % and 15 % tomato waste. The differences between the daily live weight gains, feed consumptions and feed efficiencies for the whole fattening period of 56 days were not found statistically significant (P;gt;0.01). As a result, it could be concluded that the live weight gains, feed consumptions and feed efficiencies of lambs are not effected significantly by the levels of tomato waste and the dried tomato waste could be added up to 15 % in lamb fattening concentrates.Bu çalışma, sütten kesilmiş kuzuların besi performansları üzerine karma yeme konan kurutulmuş domates posası düzeyinin etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Üç farklı domates posası düzeyinin ele alındığı çalışmada, kuzuların canlı ağırlık artışları, yem tüketimleri ve yemden yararlanma yetenekleri dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırmada Menemen genotipi kuzulardan 2-2.5 aylık erkek 28 baş hayvan, % 5, % 10 ve % 15 düzeyinde domates posası içeren izonitrojenik ve izokalorik karma yemlerle 56 gün süreyle bireysel olarak besiye alınmıştır. Gruplar arasında 56 günlük deneme süresince saptanan günlük canlı ağırlık artışları, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma önemsiz bulunmuştur (P>0.01). Farklı düzeylerde kurutulmuş domates posası içeren karma yemlerle besiye alınan kuzuların canlı ağırlık artışları, yem tüketimleri, yemden yararlanma güçlerinin önemli derecede değişmediği ve kuzu besi yemlerine % 15 düzeyine kadar kurutulmuş domates posası konabileceği sonucuna varılabilmektedir

The colostrum quality and composition of simmental and brown swiss heifers [A qualidade e a composição do colostro de novilhas simental e de pardo suiço]

The present study was conducted to determine the quality and composition of colostrum samples obtained from Simmental and Brown Swiss heifers on a Turkish dairy farm in Ödemiş, İzmir. The average volume of colostrum obtained from Simmental and Brown Swiss heifers at the first milking was 3.4 L and 3.8 L, respectively. Average colostrometer (Ig) and Brix values were determined as 105.1 mg/mL and 104.9 mg/mL, 29.97 % and 29.68 % of the samples (P>0.05). No significant differences were observed between colostrums’ chemical compositions—including total solids, total protein, solids-not-fat, somatic cell counts (SCC), total bacterial counts (TBC), and energy values of the breeds - except for lactose concentration (P<0.05). The means of TBC were 781,000 and 634,000 CFU/mL for Simmental and Brown Swiss, respectively. The correlations between colostrometer and Brix values in Simmentals and Browns Swiss were 0.85 and 0.81, respectively (P<0.01). On the other hand, the correlations between Log10SCC and Log10TBC in both breeds were found to be 0.66 and 0.65 (P<0.05), respectively. According to the results of the present study, the fat, protein, lactose, and total solid concentrations of both Simmental and Brown Swiss (dual-purpose breeds) were higher than the values reported for Holstein dairy breeds. Although colostrum quality of both breeds was found to be good in terms of Ig concentration, their total bacterial counts were high. Bacterial counts can be reduced with adequate hygiene practices and good colostrum management. © 2018, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved.2011-ÖMYO-001The authors would like to thank Ege University Scientific Research Department for the funding of this project (2011-ÖMYO-001), EBILTEM for the coordination of projects of Vocational Collages and Savaş and Barış BURGAZLIOĞLU brothers for their approval of the project to be implemented in their facilities. -