CDH1 gene mutations do not contribute in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer in Poland

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a cancer susceptibility syndrome characterized by a high risk of diffuse stomach cancer and lobular breast cancer. HDGC is caused by germline mutations in the CDH1 gene encoding the E-cadherin which is a member of the transmembrane glycoprotein family responsible for calcium-dependent, cell-to-cell adhesion and plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of cell differentiation and the normal architecture of epithelial tissues. Mutations in the CDH1 gene are detected in 30–46% of families that fulfil strong clinical criteria for HDGC and in about 11% of families fulfilling the modified criteria. In the present study, we investigated germline mutations in the CDH1 gene in Polish patients with HDGC. The entire coding sequence of CDH1 gene was analyzed by sequencing in 86 Polish cancer patients from families fulfilling the modified criteria of HDGC. We found several silent mutations including one common variant (c.2076T>C) present in 56 patients, and three rare variants (c.2253C>T, c.1896C>T, c.2634C>T) detected in 2 patients. In addition, we found four rare sequence variants of unknown significance localized in introns. We did not detect any deleterious mutations of the CDH1 gene. CDH1 gene mutations are not present in Polish families with HDGC defined by the modified clinical criteria. Further studies of families with HDGC matching the restrictive criteria for HDGC are needed

Experimental Investigation of Reflection Coefficient and Wigner's Reaction Matrix for Microwave Graphs

We present the results of experimental study of the distribution P(R) of the reflection coefficient R and the distributions of Wigner's reaction K matrix for irregular, tetrahedral microwave graphs (networks) in the presence of absorption. Our experimental results are in good agreement with the exact theoretical predictions of Savin et al

Experimental and Numerical Studies of One-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Chaotic Open Systems

We present the results of experimental studies of microwave irregular networks and a three-dimensional microwave rough cavity in the presence of absorption. Microwave networks are also analyzed numerically. Microwave networks simulate one-dimensional quantum graphs. The networks consist of coaxial cables connected by joints and attenuators to control absorption. Three-dimensional microwave rough cavities have no formal analog in quantum 3D systems. However, some statistical properties of their spectra such as the level spacing distribution confirms that they belong to the wave-chaotic systems. Absorption of the cavity was changed by using a foam microwave absorber