A THREE-DIMENSIONAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT INCISOR INTRUSION MECHANICS TO THE PERMANENT MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR TEETH BY USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the impacts of the upper incisor teeth intrusion in deepbite patients by two different techniques to the permanent maxillary first molar tooth using the three-dimensional cephalometric analysis in the individuals. Materials and Methods: The population of this study consists of 34 patients with >4 mm overbite and a ≥2 mm gummy smile during post-pubertal period. Patients who underwent intrusion of upper incisor teeth were randomized to receive Connecticut intrusion arch (CTA) or miniscrew anchorage intrusion system (MAIS) to compare the impacts on permanent maxillary first molar teeth. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) data obtained before (T1) and after (T2) intrusion were evaluated through three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analysis. Intragroup assessment of treatment-related variables were performed via “t-test in dependent samples” and intergroup comparisons were assessed by “t-test in independent samples”.Results: In patients who underwent intrusion of upper incisors, permanent maxillary first molar teeth became deviated distally (1.48 mm/7.63 degree) only in CTA group, a statistically significant difference was found between two groups (p<0.05). The distance between resistance centers of maxillary first molar teeth was only increased in CTA group (0.31 mm), which also statistically differed from MAIS group. Conclusion: CTA and MAIS techniques resulted in similar intrusive effects overall at the end of the treatment. While MAIS is recommended when anchorage from posterior region is not desired in patients with deep overbite, we believe that CTA may serve a suitable treatment alternative where miniscrew technique could not be performed

The Relationship between Dental Follicle Width and Maxillary Impacted Canines’ Descriptive and Resorptive Features Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Objectives. To assess the relationship between dental follicle width and maxillary impacted canines’ descriptive and resorptive features with three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The study comprised 102 patients with cone-beam computed tomography 3D images and a total of 140 impacted canines. The association between maxillary impacted canine dental follicle width and the variables of gender, impaction side (right and left), localization of impacted canine (buccal, central, and palatal), and resorption of the adjacent laterals was compared. Measurements were analyzed with Student’s t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney U statistical test. Results. According to gender, no statistically significant differences were found in the follicle size of the maxillary impacted canine between males and females (p>0.05). Widths of the follicles were determined for the right and left impaction sides, and no statistically significant relation was found (p>0.05). There were statistically significant differences between root resorption degrees of lateral incisors and maxillary impacted canine follicle width (p<0.05). Statistically significant higher follicle width values were present in degree 2 (mild) resorption than in degree 1 (no) and degree 3 (moderate) resorption samples (p<0.05). Conclusions. No significant correlation was found between follicle width and the variables of gender, impaction side, and localization of maxillary impacted canines. Our study could not confirm that increased dental follicle width of the maxillary impacted canines exhibited more resorption risk for the adjacent lateral incisors

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the levels of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in saliva and IL-1β, TNF-α, and NO in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Material and Method. The subject population consisted of 50 volunteers who were in need of orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. GCF and saliva samples were obtained from all individuals before treatment, at 1st month of treatment and at 6th month of treatment. Periodontal clinical parameters were measured. Samples were investigated to detect IL-1β, TNF-α, and 8-OHdG levels using ELISA method and NO and MDA levels using spectrophotometric method. Results. Since IL-1β level detected in GCF at the 6th month of orthodontic treatment is statistically significant according to baseline (P<0.05), all other biochemical parameters detected both in saliva and in GCF did not show any significant change at any measurement periods. Conclusion. Orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontic materials used in orthodontic treatment do not lead to a change above the physiological limits that is suggestive of oxidative damage in both GCF and saliva