Separability problem for multipartite states of rank at most four

One of the most important problems in quantum information is the separability problem, which asks whether a given quantum state is separable. We investigate multipartite states of rank at most four which are PPT (i.e., all their partial transposes are positive semidefinite). We show that any PPT state of rank two or three is separable and has length at most four. For separable states of rank four, we show that they have length at most six. It is six only for some qubit-qutrit or multiqubit states. It turns out that any PPT entangled state of rank four is necessarily supported on a 3x3 or a 2x2x2 subsystem. We obtain a very simple criterion for the separability problem of the PPT states of rank at most four: such a state is entangled if and only if its range contains no product vectors. This criterion can be easily applied since a four-dimensional subspace in the 3x3 or 2x2x2 system contains a product vector if and only if its Pluecker coordinates satisfy a homogeneous polynomial equation (the Chow form of the corresponding Segre variety). We have computed an explicit determinantal expression for the Chow form in the former case, while such expression was already known in the latter case.Comment: 19 page

PEG-ylated parenteral Nanoemulsions as prospective Carriers for enhanced Brain Delivery with Diazepam as a Model Drug - Physicochemical Characterisation

Parenteral nanoemulsions are regarded as biocompatible drug delivery systems for lypophilic drugs. When it comes to delivering actives to the brain as a target site, prolonged circulation time is desirable. The objective of this study was to conduct physicochemical characterization of PEGylated nanoemulsions as prospective carriers for enhanced brain delivery, using diazepam as a model active substance for brain targeting. Nanoemulsions were prepared by high pressure homogenization method and characterized regarding droplet size, zeta potential, pH, conductivity, viscosity and in vitro release profile. PEG2000-DSPE and PEG5000-DPPE were used for PEGylation. All the formulations were autoclaved and stored at room temperature. After 2 months there were no significant changes in physicochemical parameters in autoclaved formulations which rendered them as good potential templates to incorporate drugs for brain targeted delivery

Uticaj kukuruzne silaže u obroku krava muzara na sadržaj kalcijuma, fosfora i magnezijuma u krvnom serumu

The amount of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in milking cows, blood was tested and it is one of indicators that cows were fed with these substances. The average amount of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in blood of milking cows was tested and it is one of indicators that cows were fed with these substances. The average amount of calcium in tested cows, blood is 2.82 mmol/l, the average amount of phosphorus is 1.66 and the average amount of magnesium is 1.29 mmol/l. Cows, were fed by corn silage, alfalfa hay, along with concentrate of standard mineral composition.Ispitivan je sadržaj kalcijuma, fosfora i magnezijuma u krvnom serumu krava, kao jednog od indikatora obezbeđenosti životinja ovim elementima. Prosečan sadržaj kalcijuma u krvnom serumu ispitivanih krava iznosio je 2.82 mmol/l, fosfora 1.66 mmol/l i magnezijuma 1.29 mmol/l seruma. Krave su hranjene kukuuznom silažom, senom lucerke i krmnom smešom za krave muzare

Features of the new breed of sheep in serbia called mis sheep 2. fattening and meat characteristics of lambs

In this paper, the results of fattening and meat characteristics of lambs of the new breed of sheep in Serbia, called Mis sheep, are presented. Mis breed as a meaty type of sheep, has been developed for the past 20 years at the Institute of Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun. The total and daily gains in 1-30 days were of 7.5 kg and 250 g, and in 61-90 days the growth dynamics was even higher by 60% with the total gain of over 12 kg; the daily value exceeded 400 g. Food consumption, calculated in units of energy, was about 13.5 MJ with a slightly larger share of concentrate in the mass of gain of lambs. The dressing percentage of lambs at the age of three months was about 59%. In addition, the highest percentage of carcass meat was of the first category, followed by the meat of the second category and the lowest representation of the third category of meat. Muscle tissue had an absolute advantage over the other tissues and accounted for over 57%, followed by fat, bone and connective tissue, which accounted for the remaining 43% of the weight of three rib pattern. Mis sheep population, similar to the known foreign meat breeds, has a little more fat, which influences the better technological and sensory properties

Uticaj bioaktivnog dodatka Biorila na rezultate jagnjadi u tovu

Investigations were carried out in order to determine whether the addition of bioactive substances 'Bioril' on different percentages in concentrate (0.3% and 0.6%), has an impact on weight gain and feed conversion in lambs. For the experiment were used lambs of Mis sheep breed, which at the beginning of the experiment were 50 days of age. The experiment lasted 42 days, so it is over when all lambs had 92 days of age. The experiment included 60 lambs (30 male and 30 female) were divided into three groups-20 lambs per group (control group I and II and III experimental groups ).The results shows that the greatest gains made lambs of group III. The difference between body weight of group I and II was 1.62 kg and was statistically significant (P (lt) 0.01). The difference between body weight of I and III group was 1.87 kg and was also statistically significant (P (lt) 0.01). The difference between the body weight of II and III groups was 0.25 kg and was not statistically significant (P>0.05). We find that lambs of all groups consumed per kg of gain more concentrated than hay. The difference in feed conversion between groups is not significant (P>0.05), but lambs of groups III and II consumed per unit of gain approximately 5g/kg and 10g/kg less concentrate than lambs of group I. Most hay consumed by lambs of group I. The difference in hay consumption between groups I and II is 20 g/kg. Lambs in group III consumed 30 g/kg which was less hay than group I and less 10 g/kg than lambs of group II. The most energy per kg of gain was consumed by lambs of group III, whereas lambs in II group consumed the least energy.Istraživanja su sprovedena kako bi se utvrdilo da li dodavanje bioaktivne supstance 'Bioril' u različitim procentima u koncentratu (0,3% i 0,6%), ima uticaj na prirast i konverziju hrane u jagnjadi. Za eksperiment su korišćena jagnjad od ovaca rase Mis, koja su na početku eksperimenta bila 50 dana starosti. Eksperiment je trajao 42 dana, tako da je završen kada su jagnjad imala 92 dana starosti. U eksperiment je uključeno 60 jagnjadi (30 muškog i 30 ženskog pola). Jagnjad su podeljena u tri grupe-20 jagnjadi po grupi (kontrolna grupa I i II i III eksperimentalne grupe). Rezultati pokazuju da su ostvareni najveći dnevni prirasti kod jagnjadi II eksperimentalne grupe. Razlika između telesne mase grupe I i II je 1.62 kg i bila je statistički značajna (P (lt) 0,01). Razlika između telesne mase I i III grupe je bila 1,87 kg i takođe je bila statistički značajna (P (lt) 0,01). Razlika između telesne mase II i III grupe je bila 0,25 kg i nije bila statistički značajna (P>0,05). Smatramo da je jagnjad svih grupa konzumirala po kg prirasta više koncentrata nego sena. Razlika u konverziji hrane između grupa nije značajna (P>0,05), ali jagnjad grupe III i II troši po jedinici prirasta oko 5g/kg i 10g/kg manje koncentrata nego jagnjad grupe I. Više sena troše jagnjad iz I grupe. Razlika u potrošnji sena između grupa I i II je 20g /kg. Najviše energije po kg prirasta troši jagnjad iz III grupe, dok jagnjad iz II grupe troši najmanje energije

Classification of qubit entanglement: SL(2,C) versus SU(2) invariance

The role of SU(2) invariants for the classification of multiparty entanglement is discussed and exemplified for the Kempe invariant I_5 of pure three-qubit states. It is found to being an independent invariant only in presence of both W-type entanglement and threetangle. In this case, constant I_5 admits for a wide range of both threetangle and concurrences. Furthermore, the present analysis indicates that an SL^3 orbit of states with equal tangles but continuously varying I_5 must exist. This means that I_5 provides no information on the entanglement in the system in addition to that contained in the tangles (concurrences and threetangle) themselves. Together with the numerical evidence that I_5 is an entanglement monotone this implies that SU(2) invariance or the monotone property are too weak requirements for the characterization and quantification of entanglement for systems of three qubits, and that SL(2,C) invariance is required. This conclusion can be extended to general multipartite systems (including higher local dimension) because the entanglement classes of three-qubit systems appear as subclasses.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, revtex

VUV Angle-resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Isolated Hybrid Nanostructures

Aerosol photoemission spectroscopy became an important method for studying electronic structure of submicrometer particles without the influence of substrate [1]. It comprises irradiation of the focused particle beam by either vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) or soft x-ray radiation under high vacuum conditions and subsequent detection and discrimination of the photoelectrons according to their kinetic energies and momenta [2-4]. As intermediates between atoms or molecules and macroscopic matter, nanometer-sized objects exhibit specific electronic and transport properties that strongly depend on their size, morphology and surface chemistry. Modification of nanoparticle surfaces by conjugation with molecules presents a convenient method of altering a wide range of physicochemical characteristics of the nanomaterials, which does not require development of new synthetic procedures. Furthermore, by a proper choice of molecules used in surface modification, additional properties of the hybrid nanostructures can be achieved, which could not be found in the starting materials. In this lecture, we will present the selected results of our investigations on hybrid nanostructures comprised of noble metal and metal oxide nanomaterials functionalized by biologically relevant molecules. Particular attention will be given to the vacuum-ultraviolet angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (VUV ARPES) studies on isolated functionalized nanosystems performed at the DESIRS beamline. The emergence of the photoelectron circular dichroism in hybrid nanoparticles will be briefly discussed.VII International School and Conference on Photonics : PHOTONICA2019 : Abstracts of Tutorial, Keynote, Invited Lectures, Progress Reports and Contributed Papers; August 26-30; Belgrad

Synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy study of the valence band electronic structure of Ag-Ag2S Janus nanoparticles for the development of nanomotors propelled by NIR light

Silver-silver sulfide (Ag-Ag2S) hybrid nanosystem which consists of plasmonic metal Ag and narrow band gap semiconductor Ag2S is typically studied as a photocatalyst under visible and NIR light [1,2]. Janus morphology of this system is especially interesting due to the possibility of initiating two different chemical reactions that are spatially separated on two halves of the system. Here, we present the fabrication of Ag-Ag2S Janus nanoparticles and the examination of their valence electronic structure. For the investigation of the electronic structure of isolated nanoparticles, we performed synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy using the velocity map imaging (VMI) technique. By using two different photon energies, hν = 9.5 eV and hν = 11 eV, we obtained angle-resolved photoelectron images. Photoemission spectra and the dependence of the asymmetry parameter α on the binding energy are derived from VMI images using modified p-Basex inversion method [3]. In addition, we coupled Ag-Ag2S nanoparticles to the TiO2 and studied the actuation of obtained hybrid nanosystem in a liquid medium under visible and NIR light.IX International School and Conference on Photonics : PHOTONICA2023 : book of abstracts; August 28 - September 1, 2023; Belgrad

Bioimaging of liver cancer cells incubated with partially reduced graphene oxide

Functional materials based on graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have a high potential for application in the fields of biophysics, material science, and biomedical engineering [1]. It is due to their tunable physical properties, high surface area, remarkable photoluminescence, as well as their controllable chemical functionalization [2]. Beyond their applications in nanomedicine for drug/gene delivery, phototherapy and bioimaging, they have shown significant interaction and adhesive properties with proteins, mammalian cells and microorganisms, which makes them potential candidates for multifunctional biological applications. In this lecture, we will present a study of the interaction of partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) with Huh7.5.1 liver cancer cells. The study was conducted by means of synchrotron excitation DUV fluorescence bioimaging (performed on DISCO beamline of synchrotron SOLEIL) [3]. The prGO sample was obtained by the reduction (to a certain extent) of the initially prepared GO nanosheets. The fluorescence of the GO nanosheets increases with time of the reduction due to a change in the ratio of the sp2 and sp3 carbon sites, and the prGO sample was extracted from the dispersion when the intensity of the fluorescence reached its maximum. After that, Huh7.5.1 cells were incubated with GO, prGO and rGO nanosheets and used in bioimaging studies. The presence of graphene materials influenced the fluorescence properties of the cells, and by analyzing fluorescence photobleaching dynamics, we were able to localize graphene nanosheets inside the liver cancer cells.VII International School and Conference on Photonics : PHOTONICA2019 : Abstracts of Tutorial, Keynote, Invited Lectures, Progress Reports and Contributed Papers; August 26-30; Belgrad

Octonionic black holes

Using algebraic tools inspired by the study of nilpotent orbits in simple Lie algebras, we obtain a large class of solutions describing interacting non-BPS black holes in N=8 supergravity, which depend on 44 harmonic functions. For this purpose, we consider a truncation E6(6) / Sp(8,R) of the non-linear sigma model describing stationary solutions of the theory, which permits a reduction of algebraic computations to the multiplication of 27 by 27 matrices. The lift to N=8 supergravity is then carried out without loss of information by using a pertinent representation of the moduli parametrizing E7(7) / SU(8) in terms of complex valued Hermitian matrices over the split octonions, which generalise the projective coordinates of exceptional special Kaehler manifolds. We extract the electromagnetic charges, mass and angular momenta of the solutions, and exhibit the duality invariance of the black holes distance separations. We discuss in particular a new type of interaction which appears when interacting non-BPS black holes are not aligned. Finally we will explain the possible generalisations toward the description of the most general stationary black hole solutions of N=8 supergravity.Comment: 90 pages, Corrected version for publication in JHE