Supracondylar fractures of humerus at children

INTRODUCTION: Supracondylar fractures of the humerus occupy a significant place in the morbidity of children. The success in treating these fractures certainly depends on the timely diagnosis, the speed of transport and the quality of nursing care. Aim. Observe differences in children with supracondylary fracture of the humerus compared to the applied treatment method. Material and methods. The research was conducted at the Institute for Health Care of Children and Youth of Vojvodina in Novi Sad using custom questionnaires and disease history to obtain relevant data that was statistically processed. RESULTS: Supracondylar elbow fractures are in third place by frequency. The largest number of respondents belongs to the age category of 7-9 years. Injuries are more often on the left hand. The majority of respondents from both groups suffered injuries in May, a fall in the game. In 63.3% of respondents from both groups passed from 0 to 2h from the moment of injuries to the intervention. A statistically significant difference exists in the mode of transport between patients treated with conservative and operative pathways. CONCLUSION: In the case of supracondylary fractures in children, properly installed transport immobilization and faster transport to a health institution, the risk of complications and the need for an open reduction are reduced. Reduced length of hospitalization allows for quicker return to daily activities, reduction of the possibility of intrahospital infections, and reduction of treatment costs

From commercial sand digging to diatoms “hotspot“

The artificial sandpit lake “Peskara“ is located between the two saline lakes, Lake Velika Rusanda and Lake Mala Rusanda, in the protected zone of Rusanda Nature Park (Vojvodina, Serbia). The lake was created by human activity for the exploitation of sand. The depression (on average 4.4 m deep, around 205 m long, and 107 m wide) was filled with water that can be classified into sodium bicarbonate chemical type. Over time a stable diatom community developed. During observations of the samples collected from the sand and reed during 2019 and 2020, 111 diatom taxa belonging to 37 genera were recorded. 14 diatom taxa and one genus (Seminavis) were noted for the first time for the diatom flora of Serbia. Fresh alkaline waters with elevated concentrations of electrolytes (1860–1950 μS/cm) enabled the development of freshwater diatoms (e.g. Achnanthidium minutissimum, Gomphonema parvulum) but also diatoms characteristic for brackish and coastal waters, such as Bacillaria paxillifera, Entomoneis costata, Haslea duerrenbergiana, Pleurosigma salinarum, Staurophora brantii, Seminavis strigosa, etc. Many of these species have not been found in saline lakes and ponds in the Vojvodina province, which makes “Peskara“ a significant “hotspot” from the aspect of diatom biodiversity. This artificial sandpit lake requires more detailed research in order to obtain a certain degree of legal protection and to prevent possible backfilling and habitat loss for many diatom species.12th International Phycological Congress - IPC2021, 22-26 March 2021, Virtual forma

Metabarcoding and morphological data of Mayamaea species from soda pans in Serbia

Soda pans located in the northern part of Serbia are alkaline and very shallow water habitats influenced by seasonal drying. Due to the rareness, vulnerability, and specific biota, these saline habitats have high conservation priority according to the EU Habitats Directive (92/43/EC). Since 2017, ten soda pans have been intensively studied with the aim to determine the diatom biodiversity and to evaluate ecological conditions. Diatom samples were collected from mud and reed, and samples for molecular analyses were additionally collected in 2021. The diatom community is mostly composed of species that prefer alkaline conditions and high conductivity. Some of the most dominant genera are Nitzschia and Navicula. Among the recorded diatoms, Mayamaea permitis and one unknown Mayamaea species were recorded in two soda pans (Okanj bara and Bela bara). The unknown Mayamaea can easily be distinguished from similar species by the valve outline and shape of the central area using light and scanning electron microscopy. In a metabarcoding (partial 18S rRNA gene sequence) data set from the same sample, we could identify two amplicon sequence variants showing affinities to the genus Mayamaea, one of them matching published sequences from M. permitis, the other without exact matches in the Diat.barcode and NCBI databases. We conclude that the latter probably belongs to the new Mayamaea species observed by microscopy, which indicates that the unknown Mayamaea species is closely related to but different from Mayamaea terrestris. Based on morphological features and molecular analyses, we consider the unknown Mayamaea species as a species new to science. Bearing in mind the vulnerability of soda pans due to anthropogenic threats and climate change, knowing which species inhabit these habitats is the first step in preserving these unique ecosystems

A new small-celled naviculoid diatom species, Mayamaea pannonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae) from soda pans in Serbia

Combining morphological and molecular approaches, a new diatom species is described in the genus Mayamaea from a Special Nature Reserve, Okanj bara in Serbia, an alkaline and subsaline soda pan with pronounced seasonal drying. Mayamaea pannonica sp. nov. possesses typical characteristics of the genus Mayamaea, such as uniseriate striae and hymenes that cover the areolae from the outside. It can easily be distinguished from similar species by the valve outline and shape of the central area. Although presently no culture of the species is available, we identified in an amplicon data set from the same sample a partial 18S rRNA gene sequence that is thought to represent the new species, with high probability. A comparison of our sequence to those present in the Diat.barcode and NCBI databases showed that the sequence is closely related to, but significantly different from, that of Mayamaea terrestris. Natural saline habitats in Serbia and neighbouring countries are under anthropogenic threat and climate change, so knowing which species live here is the first step in preserving these unique habitats

Artificial sandpit lake as a habitat of brackish diatom species

During a survey of diatoms in the artificial sandpit lake “Peskara” in the protected zone of the Rusanda Nature Park, a large number of brackish taxa at epipsamic and epiphytic communities were recorded (e.g. Bacillaria paxillifera, Caloneis permagna, Ctenophora pulchella, Entomoneis costata. Haslea duerrenbergiana, Navicula salinarum, Nitzschia agnita, N. filiformis, Staurophora brantii, Seminavis strigosa, Tryblionella apiculata). One new genus Seminavis and 15 diatom species were noted for the first time for the diatom flora of Serbia. Dominant taxa changed over seasons without any regularity. In spring 2021, we have observed an increased abundance of centric species Thalassiosira pseudonana and Stephanodiscus parvus while in other seasons it was difficult to discern a pattern of dominance among benthic diatoms. Metabarcoding analysis of the same sample using 18S rRNA as a gene marker confirmed the dominance of centric diatoms. This study contributes to a better understanding of brackish diatom taxa found in inland habitats, many of which can be utilized as useful tools for the ecological status assessment