Variability and bimodal distribution of size in uninuclear microspores of Aesculus flava Marshall

Projekat ministarstva br. 14302

Comparative analysis of microspore size variability in the genus Aesculus (Hippocastanaceae)

Pollen size varies extensively among angiosperm species and partially reflects evolutionary adaptation of each species to the pollination and fertilization environment. Size of uninuclear microspores in Aesculus parviflora was analyzed and compared with the size of microspores in Aesculus hippocastanum, Aesculus carnea, and Aesculus flava. The microspores came from closed flower buds of different size (3, 4, and 5 mm) isolated from lower (female flowers), middle (bisexual flowers), and upper (male flowers) segments of inflorescences. Aesculus parviflora had smaller microspores than Aesculus carnea and Aesculus flava, but larger microspores than Aesculus hippocastanum. All analyzed microspores showed bimodal distribution in all investigated species of the genus Aesculus.Projekat ministarstva br. 14302

Environmental study of heavy metals influence on soil and Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)

The aim of this work was to define the correlation between heavy metal (mercury, lead, cadmium, chrome and nickel) concentration changes (in soil, leaf, stem, root and essential oil in Tansy) and type and distance from source pollution. The concentration was monitored on different locations: 1) Chemical industry pancevo (with accident situation); 2) Pancevo industrial zone; 3) highway; 4) Ada Ciganlija recreation zone and 5) Topcider park. Mercury (Hg) concentration was analyzed as a function of time, starting from accident situation from 1999 to 2008. Hg had maximum concentration of 131 200 mg/kg at a soil depth of 0 - 15 cm. After three, six and nine years, linear accident Hg concentrations in soil decreased from 85 400 via 41 060 to 106.0 mg/kg. Mercury concentration which results in the location where accident occurred showed that 6 years was necessary for concentration to drop below the limits and for revitalization of standard industrial Tansy vegetation. Concentrations of Hg in the Tansy plants from contaminated site were 5, 10, 100 and 200 times greater than in industrial zone, highway, Ada Ciganlija and Topcider, respectively. The highest amount of lead (Pb) was in leaves (14.1 mg/kg) and in essential oil (0.7 mg/kg) of Tansy near the highway. However, Pb concentration in soil and plant was decreased with square of highway distance.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, 18031

Environmental adaptibility of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)

Ecological role of essential oils is reflected in the interaction of plants with environmental factors. Environmental adaptability of the plants can be assumed from essential oil contents. Essential oils are agents, which communicate with the plant environment. Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) was selected for laboratory research since it belongs to urban flora and vegetation where the imperative to adapt is high. Sample plants were collected from two site locations: Ada Huja (industrial zone) and Topcider (green area) in Belgrade, Serbia. A GC-MS analyses, to determine quantitative and qualitative composition of essential oils were used. The results of the research indicate that tansy from both locations shows a high degree of adaptability. Tansy from Ada Huja had larger total amount of essential oils comparing to plants from Topcider. This study presents the comparative results of laboratory research. Specific components of the essential oil samples of plants from both site locations are identified.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [EE18031, 143026

Environmental study of heavy metals influence on soil and Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)

The aim of this work was to define the correlation between heavy metal (mercury, lead, cadmium, chrome and nickel) concentration changes (in soil, leaf, stem, root and essential oil in Tansy) and type and distance from source pollution. The concentration was monitored on different locations: 1) Chemical industry pancevo (with accident situation); 2) Pancevo industrial zone; 3) highway; 4) Ada Ciganlija recreation zone and 5) Topcider park. Mercury (Hg) concentration was analyzed as a function of time, starting from accident situation from 1999 to 2008. Hg had maximum concentration of 131 200 mg/kg at a soil depth of 0 - 15 cm. After three, six and nine years, linear accident Hg concentrations in soil decreased from 85 400 via 41 060 to 106.0 mg/kg. Mercury concentration which results in the location where accident occurred showed that 6 years was necessary for concentration to drop below the limits and for revitalization of standard industrial Tansy vegetation. Concentrations of Hg in the Tansy plants from contaminated site were 5, 10, 100 and 200 times greater than in industrial zone, highway, Ada Ciganlija and Topcider, respectively. The highest amount of lead (Pb) was in leaves (14.1 mg/kg) and in essential oil (0.7 mg/kg) of Tansy near the highway. However, Pb concentration in soil and plant was decreased with square of highway distance.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, 18031

Environmental impact of site location on macro- and microelements in Tansy

Human activities cause specific impact on the enveronment, which also could been monitored by mineral contents in the soil and in the plants. Two different caracteristic locations had been selected for the experiments: anthropogenic-Ada Huja contamineted industrial zone and non anthropogenic-Topcider park area. The contents of macro- and microelements is measured in the soil and conseqently in the plant. Correlation between the contents of minerals in the soil and its adsorption by the plant was found, as well as mineral contents in the different locations, depending on the environmental conditions and antrophogenic factor. Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.) had been choosen as a substantial and wide spread plant on both locations. The usefulness of that easily accessable plant had been analysed with respect to its mineral contents. Human beings decrease utilization and edibility of Tansy plants in contaminated environment and this is proved and quantified in this paper by the contents of macro- and microelements ( S, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Si, Al and Mn) contained in them.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, 18031

Impact of genotype, age of tree and environmental temperature on androgenesis induction of Aesculus hippocastanum L.

Influence of ten different genotypes, age of trees and environmental temperature on induction of androgenesis and apperance albino horse chestnut embryos were studied. Efficiency of in vitro androgenesis via anther and microspore culture had been investigated. Microspores and anthers were used from the same closed flower bud. Androgenic response of different genotypes was measured and compared. Anther induction rates were from 5 to 37.6%, depending on genotype. The number of embryos per isolated anther varied between 0.5 to 5.0 embryos in anther culture, while in microspore culture varied between 3.0 to 27 embryos, depending on genotype. A microspore culture was 5 - 6 times efficient than anther culture for same genotype. Age of the trees had no influence on androgenesis induction. Temperature of about 4 - 5 degrees C was optimal for androgenic embryo induction. Albino horse chestnut embryos phenomenon depended on genotype. The number of albino appearing in anther was higher than in microspore culture. The same correlation of appearing albino was observed between short and long day. Flow cytogenetic analysis of androgenic embryos originating from anther and microspore culture was done after a first generation of regenerants. All androgenic embryos, the first generation from microspore culture were haploid, while 50% of the regenerants originating from anther culture were haploid, and the other half diploid.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, EE18031

Impact of genotype, age of tree and environmental temperature on androgenesis induction of Aesculus hippocastanum L.

Influence of ten different genotypes, age of trees and environmental temperature on induction of androgenesis and apperance albino horse chestnut embryos were studied. Efficiency of in vitro androgenesis via anther and microspore culture had been investigated. Microspores and anthers were used from the same closed flower bud. Androgenic response of different genotypes was measured and compared. Anther induction rates were from 5 to 37.6%, depending on genotype. The number of embryos per isolated anther varied between 0.5 to 5.0 embryos in anther culture, while in microspore culture varied between 3.0 to 27 embryos, depending on genotype. A microspore culture was 5 - 6 times efficient than anther culture for same genotype. Age of the trees had no influence on androgenesis induction. Temperature of about 4 - 5 degrees C was optimal for androgenic embryo induction. Albino horse chestnut embryos phenomenon depended on genotype. The number of albino appearing in anther was higher than in microspore culture. The same correlation of appearing albino was observed between short and long day. Flow cytogenetic analysis of androgenic embryos originating from anther and microspore culture was done after a first generation of regenerants. All androgenic embryos, the first generation from microspore culture were haploid, while 50% of the regenerants originating from anther culture were haploid, and the other half diploid.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, EE18031

Environmental impact of site location on macro- and microelements in Tansy

Human activities cause specific impact on the enveronment, which also could been monitored by mineral contents in the soil and in the plants. Two different caracteristic locations had been selected for the experiments: anthropogenic-Ada Huja contamineted industrial zone and non anthropogenic-Topcider park area. The contents of macro- and microelements is measured in the soil and conseqently in the plant. Correlation between the contents of minerals in the soil and its adsorption by the plant was found, as well as mineral contents in the different locations, depending on the environmental conditions and antrophogenic factor. Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L.) had been choosen as a substantial and wide spread plant on both locations. The usefulness of that easily accessable plant had been analysed with respect to its mineral contents. Human beings decrease utilization and edibility of Tansy plants in contaminated environment and this is proved and quantified in this paper by the contents of macro- and microelements ( S, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Si, Al and Mn) contained in them.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [143026, 18031

Environmental adaptibility of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.)

Ecological role of essential oils is reflected in the interaction of plants with environmental factors. Environmental adaptability of the plants can be assumed from essential oil contents. Essential oils are agents, which communicate with the plant environment. Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) was selected for laboratory research since it belongs to urban flora and vegetation where the imperative to adapt is high. Sample plants were collected from two site locations: Ada Huja (industrial zone) and Topcider (green area) in Belgrade, Serbia. A GC-MS analyses, to determine quantitative and qualitative composition of essential oils were used. The results of the research indicate that tansy from both locations shows a high degree of adaptability. Tansy from Ada Huja had larger total amount of essential oils comparing to plants from Topcider. This study presents the comparative results of laboratory research. Specific components of the essential oil samples of plants from both site locations are identified.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia [EE18031, 143026