Fate of coliforms in turkish soudjuk during ripening and storage

The fate of coliforms in Turkish soudjuk during fermentation, ripening and storage was studied. Survival was highly dependent on the pH attained during fermentation. The number of faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli increased during the first 2 days of fermentation in soudjuk made with addition of 5 g kg-1 fast cure coinciding with a drop in pH to 5.8 from 6.15. Thereafter a substantial reduction in numbers of faecal coliforms and E coli occurred with further decline in pH to 5.3 after 7 days. A marked decline in the number of organisms initially present was observed within 2 days in soudjuk made with 10 g kg-1 glucose; this coincided with a drop in pH to 4.5. E coli was completely inactivated in 7 days in soudjuk made with 10 g kg-1 glucose. In contrast, the inactivation of E coli took 21 days in soudjuk made with 5 g kg-1 fast cure. In soudjuk made with 5 g kg-1 fast cure, total and faecal coliforms survived better when stored under vacuum at 4° compared with ambient pressure at 20°C. Copyright © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Lt

On the curvatures of spacelike circular surfaces

In this paper a complete system of invariants is presented to study spacelike circular surfaces with fixed radius. The study of spacelike circular surfaces is simplified to the study of two curves: the Lorentzian spherical indicatrix of the unit normals of circle planes and the spacelike spine curve. Then the geometric meanings of these invariants are used to give corresponding properties of spacelike circular surfaces with classical ruled surfaces. Later, we introduce spacelike roller coaster surfaces as a special class of spacelike circular surfaces.WOS:0003864680000062-s2.0-8498127271

A study on classification of translation surfaces in pseudo-Galilean 3-space

In this paper, we characterize translation surfaces such as translation surfaces of type-I and type-II in pseudo-Galilean 3-space G(3)(1). Then we study some classification of translation surfaces of type-I in pseudo-Galilean 3-space G(3)(1) under the condition Delta r=Ar, where A is an element of R-3x3 the set of 3 x 3 real matrices. Also we give a theorem to classify translation surfaces of type-I in pseudo-Galilean 3-space G(3)(1) under the condition Delta G = AG, where G is the Gauss map, and A = (a(ij)), i, j =1, 2, 3.WOS:00045463750001

A NEW CONSTRUCTION OF TIMELIKE RULED SURFACES WITH CONSTANT DISTELI-AXIS

In this study, we construct timelike ruled surfaces whose Disteli-axis is constant in Minkowski 3-space E-1(3). Then we attain a general system characterizing these surfaces, and also give necessary and sufficient conditions for a timelike ruled surface to get a constant Disteli-axis.WOS:00058940220000

THE RELATIVELY OSCULATING DEVELOPABLE SURFACES OF A SURFACE ALONG A DIRECTION CURVE

We construct a developable surface tangent to a surface along a curve on the surface. We call this surface as relatively osculating developable surface. We choose the curve as the tangent normal direction curve on which the new surface is formed in the Euclidean 3-space. We obtain some results about the existence and uniqueness, and the singularities of relatively osculating developable surfaces. We also give two invariants of curves on a surface which determine these singularities. We present two results for special curves such as asymptotic line and line of curvature which are rulings of the relatively osculating surface

NORMAL DEVELOPABLE SURFACES OF A SURFACE ALONG A DIRECTION CURVE

We construct a developable surface normal to a surface along a curve on the surface. We choose the curve as the normal direction curve on which the new surface is formed in Euclidean space. We obtain some results about the uniqueness and the singularities of such developable surfaces. We also give two invariants of curves on a surface which characterize singularities.WOS:00058841100000