Magnetic mesoporous silica nanocomposite for biodiesel production

Bu çalışma, 19-24 Ekim 2016 tarihleri arasında Antalya[Türkiye]’da düzenlenen 3. International Conference on Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering (ICCESEN)’da bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.Ordered mesoporous silicas can be utilized as support because of having large surface area, tunable porosity, uniform pore size distribution, high thermal stability and modifiable properties. However, these materials introduce separation problems in liquid-phase processes. We have prepared Fe3O4-SBA-15-SO3H solid acid catalyst by combining the properties of a magnetic material and the mesoporous character of silica. The sulfonic acid functionalized solid acid catalyst, containing both magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous silica, is not only separable but also stable under hydrothermal conditions, which are usually employed for biodiesel production. Esterification of oleic acid with methanol for biodiesel production was carried out effectively and 75% conversion of ester was approximately reached within six hours in the presence of Fe3O4-SBA-15-SO3H magnetic solid acid catalyst. In addition, the catalyst could be separated from the reaction system by applying external magnetic field and reused without deactivation

Direct and Postsynthetic Functionalization of Mesoporous B-SBA-15-SO₃H Acid Catalyst and Application to Methyl Propionate Esterification

Organic functionality can be added to mesoporous silicates in two ways: either by covalent grafting (postsynthetic) of various functional groups onto the channel walls or by incorporating functionalities directly during the synthesis (one-pot). If the grafted catalytically active groups experience similar environments and are isolated from each other, catalysis process is greatly facilitated. For this purpose, boric acid, as boron source, was added into the initial reaction mixture and then acid functionalization was performed by post and direct method. The obtained acid catalysts were tested in the esterification of propionic acid with methanol and the activity of these new materials was compared to that of SBA-15-SO₃H. Boron addition has facilitated the methyl propionate esterification for both postsynthetic and direct functionalized acid catalyst. Boron incorporated and postsynthetic functionalized mesoporous acid catalyst has highly enhanced the esterification reaction, compared to direct functionalized acid catalyst. The post functionalization method seems to be superior to one-pot functionalization method for preparation of mesoporous acid catalysts

Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite for Biodiesel Production

Ordered mesoporous silicas can be utilized as support because of having large surface area, tunable porosity, uniform pore size distribution, high thermal stability and modifiable properties. However, these materials introduce separation problems in liquid-phase processes. We have prepared Fe₃O₄-SBA-15-SO₃H solid acid catalyst by combining the properties of a magnetic material and the mesoporous character of silica. The sulfonic acid functionalized solid acid catalyst, containing both magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous silica, is not only separable but also stable under hydrothermal conditions, which are usually employed for biodiesel production. Esterification of oleic acid with methanol for biodiesel production was carried out effectively and 75% conversion of ester was approximately reached within six hours in the presence of Fe₃O₄-SBA-15-SO₃H magnetic solid acid catalyst. In addition, the catalyst could be separated from the reaction system by applying external magnetic field and reused without deactivation

Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Properties of SBA-15-SO₃H Supported Tungstophosphoric Acid for Esterification Reaction

SBA-15-SO₃H supported tungstophosphoric acid (TPA, H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) mesoporous materials were synthesized by impregnation of TPA into the hydrothermally synthesized SBA-15-SO₃H and the catalytic performances were compared for the esterification reaction. The physical and chemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM/EDX, FT-IR and N₂ adsorption/desorption techniques. The characterization results show that TPA/SBA-15-SO₃H retained the typical mesoporous structure of SBA-15-SO₃H. The experimental results indicated that TPA/SBA-15-SO₃H is a more efficient catalyst than SBA-15-SO₃H for the esterification reaction. The higher activity of TPA/SBA-15-SO₃H compared with that of SBA-15-SO₃H was consistent with the material having the low pKa value, confirming that the esterification rate was mostly dependent on the acid strength of the additional functional groups of solid acid catalyst. Accordingly, the reason for the catalytic activity difference was simply explicated by the effect of TPA, having low pKa value, affecting the pore structure and the total acidity

A national, multicenter, non-interventional, observational study on treatment patterns in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Turkey – NOTES study

Şuayib Yalçın,1 Ramazan Yildiz,2 Faysal Dane,3 Aziz Karaoğlu,4 Berna Öksüzoğlu,5 Özgür Özyılkan,6 Alper Sevinç,7 Feyyaz Özdemir,8 Hande Turna,9 Rüçhan Uslu,10 Esat Ulay11 1Hacettepe University, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey; 2Gazi University, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey; 3Marmara University, Department of Medical Oncology, İstanbul, Turkey; 4Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Medical Oncology, İzmir, Turkey; 5Ankara Oncology Hospital, Clinic of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey; 6Başkent University, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey; 7Medical Park Gaziantep Hospital, Medical Oncology Unit, Gaziantep, Turkey; 8Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Medical Oncology, Trabzon, Turkey; 9İstanbul University, Department of Medical Oncology, İstanbul, Turkey; 10Ege University, Department of Medical Oncology, İzmir, Turkey; 11Novartis Oncology, İstanbul, Turkey Introduction: The introduction of targeted therapies in renal cell carcinoma has significantly improved its prognosis and treatment outcomes in recent years. Such treatment options are targeted therapies of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway and the mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. With the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mammalian target of the rapamycin inhibitors, overall survival has increased up to 2 years. In Turkey, due to applicable reimbursement conditions for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), interferon use is mandated as a first-line treatment, thus providing information on the use of everolimus only after initial interferon and second-line VEGF-targeted treatments such as VEGF-TKI. Patients and methods: To provide a first real-life data set in Turkey, we conducted a prospective, non-interventional, observational study and assessed the efficacy and safety of everolimus after two lines of treatment including interferon. A total of 100 patients with histologically confirmed mRCC were enrolled in the study from 11 centers between June 2012 and March 2014 (70 males and 30 females). Efficacy was assessed on the basis of progression-free survival and overall survival; safety of everolimus was assessed on the basis of adverse event occurrence. Results: The study results showed that the median progression-free survival with everolimus treatment was 8.1 months (95% CI: 5.1–11.1) and the median overall survival was 17.6 months (95% CI: 10.1–25.1), thus indicating a better overall response based on survival durations than those from the randomized Phase III REnal Cell cancer treatment with Oral RAD001 given Daily study results (4.9 and 14.8 months, respectively). Conclusion: The study showed that everolimus treatment is a safe and effective treatment option in the treatment of mRCC after VEGF-TKI, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile in real-life settings. Keywords: metastatic renal cell carcinoma, mTOR inhibitors, everolimus, observational study, real-life setting, treatment pattern