Rose oil inhalation protects against formaldehyde-induced testicular damage in rats

In this experimental study, harmful effects of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation on sperm concentration, sperm quality, serum testosterone levels and the rat testes were investigated. In addition, the possible protective effects of rose oil against to these harmful effects were evaluated. For this purpose, 21 albino-Wistar rats were used. The rats in Group I were used as control group. When the rats of Group II were exposed FA (10 ppm/1 h) for 35 days, the rats of Group III inhalated rose oil (1 ml/1 h) after FA. The epididymal tissues were taken for sperm analysing and the testes were removed for histological examination. In addition, testosterone levels were determined from the blood samples. Although the testosterone levels, the epididymal sperm concentration, and the progressive sperm motility significantly decreased, the abnormal sperm rate significantly increased in the Group II when compared to Group I. In the Group III, these damages were seen less. When the rats in the Group II compared with the control group, there were serious histological damages. In the Group III, it was determined that the histological changes were less than group II. It can be expressed that serious damages occurred via formaldehyde exposure in male reproductive system and that the rose oil had protective effects against these damages

Analysis of the influence of somatotype difference on motoric parameters such as vertical jump, sit and reach flexibility and 30-m sprint [Analisi dell’influenza delle differenze somatotipiche su parametri motori come salto verticale, flessibilità sit-and-reach e sprint sui 30 metri]

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to show the somatotype features of young people with no symptoms and to find out whether motoric parameters such as vertical jump, flexibility and 30-m sprint were influenced by somatotype differences. METHODS: The study included 146 participants (88 males, 58 females) who had no symptoms. The Heath-Carter formula was used to find out the somatotypes of the participants and each participant’s anthropometric measurements were found. Vertical jump, flexibility and 30-meter sprint test were measured to evaluate motoric parameters of male and female. RESULTS: In men, athletes with central type somatotype had the best score in vertical jump test with 53 cm, athletes with endomorphic mesomorph somatotype had the best score in sit and reach flexibility test with 30 cm, and athletes with balanced mesomorph somatotype had the best score in 30-m sprint test with 4.36 s. In women, athletes with endomorphic mesomorph somatotype had the best score in vertical jump test with 40 cm, athletes with Endomorphic Mesomorph somatotype had the best score in sit and reach flexibility test with 33.5 cm, and athletes with mesomorph endomorph somatotype had the best score in 30-m sprint test with 5.22 s. No statistically significant difference was found in male and female between different somatotypes and motoric parameters (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although there were no statistically significant differences, it emerged that different somatotypes were more successful than others. An anatomic body structure specific for the sport branch influences performance greatly. COPYRIGHT © 2018 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICAPer il calcolo e il disegno dei somatotipi è sta-to utilizzato un programma (versione di prova 1.2.6) concepito con la formula Heath-Carter. Per trovare il somatotipo, ci si è serviti delle tec-niche dell’International Biological Program (IBP) e dell’International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) per rilevare le misu-re antropometriche degli studenti, come altezza e peso e spessore della plica cutanea (PC) trici-pitale, subscapolare, sovraspinale e del polpaccio, ampiezza di ginocchia e gomiti e circonferenza di braccia e polpacci. Per misurare la PC ci si è serviti del Baseline Skinfold Caliper 12-1110. Per misurare l’altezza e l’ampiezza di ginocchia e gomiti è stato utilizzato il set antropometrico Harpenden (Holtain Ltd., Crymych, Dyfed, Gal-les, UK). Per misurare il peso è stato utilizzato l’analizzatore della composizione corporea Tani-ta (BC-418 MA) (Tanita Europe BV, Amsterdam, Olanda).16 Per misurare le circonferenze di braccia e polpacci ci si è serviti di Baseline circumference.13, 14, 1