Turkish low cost airline Pegasus airlines

Ms. Güliz Öztürk, Chief Commercial Officer at Pegasus Airlines, opened her speech, drawing attention to the development of the sector before she went on to discuss the current state of the Turkish aviation sector and future expectations. Öztürk stated that thanks to positive effects of the legislative changes in the 2000s, airlines such as Pegasus Airlines are now able to introduce new business models to the Turkish aviation industry. “This has resulted an increase in the total number of passengers carried in Turkey from 30 million in 2003 to an astonishing 133 million in just 11 years”, remarked Öztürk.Pegasus Havayolları Ticaretten Sorumlu Genel Müdür Yardımcısı Güliz Öztürk, Türk sivil havacılık sektörünün mevcut durumundan ve geleceğe yönelik beklentilerinden bahsetmeden önce, sektörün gelişim sürecine dikkat çekti. Öztürk, 2000’li yıllarda yaşanan mevzuat değişikliklerinin uygulamaya yansıyan pozitif etkileri ile birlikte, Pegasus Havayolları gibi havayollarının, farklı işletme modellerini Türkiye Havacılık Sektörüne getirebildiğini belirtti

Medial olivocochlear suppression in musicians versus non-musicians

The medial olivocochlear efferent (MOCE) branch synapses with outer hair cells (OHCs), and the efferent pathway can be activated via a contralateral acoustic stimulus (CAS). The activation of MOCE can change OHC motile responses and convert signals that are capable of controlling the sensitivity of the peripheral hearing system in a frequency-specific manner. The aim of this study was to examine the MOCE system activity in professional musicians using transient evoked otoacoustic emission test and CAS. Musician group showed stronger suppression in all frequency bands in the presence of CAS

Trajectories of charged particles trapped in Earth's magnetic field

I outline the theory of relativistic charged-particle motion in the magnetosphere in a way suitable for undergraduate courses. I discuss particle and guiding center motion, derive the three adiabatic invariants associated with them, and present particle trajectories in a dipolar field. I provide twelve computational exercises that can be used as classroom assignments or for self-study. Two of the exercises, drift-shell bifurcation and Speiser orbits, are adapted from active magnetospheric research. The Python code provided in the supplement can be used to replicate the trajectories and can be easily extended for different field geometries.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to American Journal of Physic

Heavy metal accumulation in Artemisia and foliaceous lichen species from the Azerbaijan flora

Artemisia plants and foliaceous lichens are known to be capable of accumulating heavy metals (HM) from soil and air. These plant species are widespread on polluted sites of Azerbaijan. However, so far their capacity to accumulate HM in their shoots and roots has not been tested. Three Artemisia and two lichen species were collected from different contaminated sites of Azerbaijan. Plant and surface soil samples were measured for Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn concentrations by ICP-AES.The results indicated that among the Artemisia species A. scoparia showed the best HM accumulation properties. Lichen species were also distinguished by very high amounts of HM in their biomass, while in surrounding soil samples HM concentrations had higher contents than the soils occupied only with Artemisia species.The results indicate that on contaminated sites Artemisia and lichens accumulated metals in their biomass without toxicity symptoms. Taking large biomass and high adaptation ability into account, A. scoparia represents a good tool for a phytoremediation approach on polluted soils

PTPN22 gene polymorphism in Takayasu's arteritis

Objective. Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a chronic, rare granulomatous panarteritis of unknown aetiology involving mainly the aorta and its major branches. In this study, genetic susceptibility to TA has been investigated by screening the functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PTPN22 gene encoding the lymphoid-specific protein tyrosine phosphatase. Methods. Totally, 181 patients with TA and 177 healthy controls are genotyped by PCR-RFLP method for the SNP rs2476601 (A/G) of PTPN22 gene. Polymorphic region was amplified by PCR and digested with Xcm I enzyme. Results. Detected frequencies of heterozygous genotype (AG) were 5.1% (9/177) in control group and 3.8% (7/181) in TA group (P = 0.61, odds ratio: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.3, 2.0). No association with angiographic type, vascular involvement or prognosis of TA was observed either. Conclusion. The distribution of PTPN22 polymorphism did not reveal any association with TA in Turkey. © The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved

Patterns of delays in diagnosis amongst patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis at a teaching hospital in Turkey

ABSTRACTIn total, 151 newly diagnosed patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. The mean time from the onset of symptoms to the first visit to a physician was 46.4 days; the mean referral delay was 28.9 days; the mean delay in diagnosis was 2.4 days; and the mean delay in treatment initiation was 0.8 days. There was a delay in consulting a physician by 49% of patients. A low index of suspicion for tuberculosis on the part of the physician and healthcare system and laboratory delays were the most common reasons for delays in diagnosis

Idiopathic adrenal hematoma mimicking neoplasia: A case report

AbstractIntroductionAdrenal haemorrhage is a relatively rare condition. If there is not a specific ethology describing adrenal hematoma, then, this is termed as ‘idiopathic adrenal hematoma’.Presentation of caseWe presented a case of idiopathic adrenal hematoma in this study. A 62-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a 40mm mass in the left upper abdominal cavity. The histopathological findings of the surgical specimen revealed a hematoma with normal adrenal tissue.DiscussionThe incidence of adrenal haemorrhage was found to be 1.1% regarding autopsy results. The Adrenal gland is highly vascular and vulnerable to haemorrhage. Before a surgical operation, it is difficult to diagnose idiopathic adrenal hematomas.ConclusionAn adrenal hematoma should be kept in mind when adrenal masses assessing

Capital Fixity and Mobility in Response to the 2008-09 Crisis: Variegated Neoliberalism in Mexico and Turkey

The article examines the 2008-9 crisis responses in Mexico and Turkey as examples of variegated neoliberalism. The simultaneous interests of corporations and banks relative to the national fixing of capital and their mobility in the form of global investment heavily influenced each state authority’s policy responses to the crisis at the expense of the interests of the poor, workers, and peasantry. Rather than pitching this as either evidence of persistent national differentiation or some Keynesian state resurgence, we argue from a historical materialist geographical framework that the responses of capital and state authorities in Mexico and Turkey actively constitute and reconstitute the global parameters of market regulatory design and neoliberal class rule through each state’s distinct domestic policy formation and crisis management processes. While differing in specific content the form of Mexico and Turkey’s state responses to the crisis ensured continuity in their foregoing neoliberal strategies of development and capital accumulation, most notably in the continued oppression of workers. That is, the prevailing strategy of accumulation continues to be variegated neoliberalism

trans-rac-[1-Oxo-2-phenethyl-3-(2-thien­yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra­hydro­isoquinolin-4-yl]methyl 4-methyl­benzene­sulfonate

The title compound, C29H27NO4S2, was synthesized by reaction of trans-rac-4-(hydroxy­meth­yl)-2-phenethyl-3-(thio­phen-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro­isoquinolin-1(2H)-one and 4-methyl­benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride in the presence of Et3N in CH2Cl2. The relative orientations of the benzene ring (A) of the 3,4-dihydro­isoquinolinone ring system, the thio­phene ring (B), the benzene ring (C) of the methyl­benzene group and the phenyl ring (D) result in the following dihedral angles: A/B = 80.91 (16), A/C = 22.79 (18), A/D = 9.9 (2), B/C = 80.73 (19), B/D = 88.9 (2) and C/D = 29.9 (2)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Methyl trans-rac-2-hexyl-1-oxo-3-(2-pyrid­yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra­hydroisoquinoline-4-carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C22H26N2O3, was synthesized by esterification of trans-rac-2-hexyl-1-oxo-3-(2-pyrid­yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra­hydro­isoquinoline-4-carboxylic acid in the presence of H2SO4 in methanol. The dihedral angle between the benzene and pyridine rings is 84.46 (17)°. The piperidine ring adopts a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by two C—H⋯O bonds occur