Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) expression in synovial sarcomas as a promising indicator of prognosis

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a type of soft-tissue sarcoma, often linked to poor survival. Although overexpression of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) has been associated with poor prognosis in different tumors, a few studies investigated this link in SS. Here, we analyzed the relationship between EZH2 expression and prognostic factors in SS. We included 29 patients with SS. Immunostaining of EZH2 was performed with (D2C9) XP (TM) Rabbit mAb antibody, and the results were classified as low EZH2 expression (negative or weak expression) and high EZH2 expression category (moderate or strong expression). Analysis of survival in relation to prognostic factors was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Our sample included 19/29 female and 10/29 male patients, with age range 16-63 years. The tumor diameter ranged from 2 to 15 cm. Necrosis was observed in 15/29 cases. Sixteen cases had > 10 mitoses per 50 high-power fields (HPFs). Out of 29 cases, 14 showed low and 15 had high EZH(2) expression. Statistically significant results were obtained for the association between the presence of metastasis and necrosis (p = 0.042), high EZH2 expression and distant metastasis (p = 0.018), high EZH2 expression and necrosis (p = 0.016), and high EZH2 expression and the tumor size > 5 cm versus tumor size <= 5 cm (p = 0.014). Patients with all of the following: the tumor size <= 5 cm, low EZH2 expression, and without necrosis and distant metastasis had significantly longer survival time. Our results are consistent with previous studies, suggesting that EZH(2) overexpression is an indicator of poor prognosis in SS

Synovial hemangioma in the knee joint mimicking pigmented villonodular synovitis: a case report

Synovial hemangiomas are benign rare tumors of vascular origin. They are frequently seen in children and young adults, they present wıth arthritis that affects a single joint. In this work, a 12 year old girl was admitted complaining of repeated right knee pain and swelling, the condition diagnosed as synovial hemangioma after a second surgical intervention according to histopathologic examination has been reported. A year ago she was treated surgıcally as having villonodular synovitis. One year followup of the second operation showed no recurrance of the mass observed clinically.In such cases either pre-operation or after with the histopathologic examinations some diagnosis problems will be seen. For an accurate treatment sinovial hemanjiyoma must be considered in clinic and histopathologic examinations

Effects of Systemic and Local Interferon Beta-1a on Epidural Fibrosis

Study DesignLevel 1 randomized controlled study.PurposeTo investigate the effects of systemic and local interferon-beta-1a (IFN-β-1a) on prevention of epidural fibrosis using histopathological parameters.Overview of LiteratureEpidural fibrosis involves fibroblastic invasion of nerve roots into the epidural space. Formation of dense fibrous tissue causes lumbar and radicular pain. Many surgical techniques and several materials have been proposed in the literature, but no study has assessed the effect of IFN-β-1a on prevention of epidural fibrosis.MethodsForty-eight adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of eight: sham group, control group, systemic 44 μg IFN-β-1a group and 22 μg IFN-β-1a group (after laminectomy and discectomy, 0.28 mL and 0.14 mL IFN-β-1a applied subcutaneously three times for a week, respectively), local 44 μg IFN-β-1a group (laminectomy and discectomy, followed by 0.28 mL IFN-β-1a on the surgical area), and local 22 μg IFN-β-1a group (laminectomy and discectomy, followed by 0.14 mL IFN-β-1a on the surgical area). All rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks and groups were evaluated histopathologically.ResultsCompared with sham and control groups, significantly less epidural fibrosis, dural adhesion, and fibroblast cell density were observed in the local and systemic 44 μg IFN-β-1a groups. No other differences were evident between the local and systemic groups.ConclusionsIFN-β-1a is effective in preventing epidural fibrosis with systemic and local application

Intracranial extra-axial chondroma: A case report

Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs most often at the skull base. In extremely rare instances, it arises from the dura mater of the convexity or from the falx cerebri. The tumor cells are thought to originate from meningeal fibroblasts, perivascular mesenchymal tissue, or ectopic chondrocytes. Because the clinical presentation of such cases is nonspecific and because neuroimaging findings are not pathognomonic, intracranial chondromas mimic other intracranial tumors. Herein, we report a chondroma originating from the dura mater in the frontal region. The patient had been followed-up radiologically for 3 years after a preliminary diagnosis of meningioma until the correct diagnosis of chondroma was established with postoperative histological examination

MEME KANSERLERİNDE TÜMÖR PROGRESYONU İLE İLİŞKİLİ SİTOKERATİN 5/6, SİTOKERATİN 14, HMWK, P27, CXCR-4 VE SDF-1 GEN EKSPRESYONUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Meme kanseri kadınlarda en sık görülen ve kanser ölümlerinde kadınlarda ilk sırayı alan kanser türüdür. Erken tanı ve tedavinin çok önemli olduğu tümör gruplarından biri olan meme karsinomlarında, prognostik öngörü sağlayabilecek immünhistokimyasal belirteçlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı&#8217;nda 2006-2008 yılları arasında değerlendirilmiş olan modifiye radikal mastektomi materyalleri, eksizyonel meme biyopsileri ve meme iğne biyopsilerinde tanıları duktus epitel hiperplazisi, duktal karsinoma in situ ve invaziv duktal karsinom olan 365 olguda lenf nodu durumu ve tümör çapı da göz önünde tutularak HMWK, Sitokeratin 5/6, Sitokeratin 14, p27, CXCR-4 ve SDF-1 belirteçleri immünhistokimyasal olarak çalışılmıştır. Doku mikroarray yöntemi kullanılarak hazırlanan bloklara uygulanan immünhistokimyasal boyama sonucunda, CXCR-4 ve SDF-1 belirteçlerinin tümör gelişim basamaklarında, tümör boyutunun artışı ve lenf nodu metastazı varlığı ile uyumlu kötü prognostik belirteçler olarak kullanılabileceği, bazal sitokeratinler ve p27 ile birlikte kullanıldıklarında metastatik hastalık varlığının desteklenebileceğini, HMWK ve p27&#8217;nin ile birlikte kullanıldıklarında kanser olmayan olgu grubunda eksprese olarak özellikle atipili epitel hiperplazisi ve duktal karsinoma in situ olgu gruplarında geçiş zonunda yer alan ve ayırıcı tanı güçlüğü yaratan biyopsilerde yardımcı olarak kullanılabileceği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the most common reason in cancer death in women population. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important in breast cancers. The immunohistochemical markers which could have prognostic information are always needed. This study included 365 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ and ductal epithelial hyperplasia archived in Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology between 2006-2008. All histological slides were prepared with tissue microarray method and stained immunohistochemically to show expressions of HMWK, Cytokeratin 14, Cytokeratin 5/6, p27, CXCR-4 and SDF-1 markers with the information of lymph node status and tumor size. In conclusion, the higher CXCR-4 and SDF-1 expressions were associated with tumor progression, tumor size and lymph node status. Basal cytokeratins and p27 expressions were emphasized metastatic disease when they were used together. In benign proliferative lesions both HMWK and p27 expresions were helpful in differential diagnosis of borderline atypical ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ. Key words: Tissue microarray, CXCR-4, SDF-1, p27, Cytokeratin 5/6, Cytokeratin 14, HMWK, benign proliferative breast lesions, ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma

Distribution of uterin cervical lesions and relation between age and parity rates in the mardin province

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and distribution of cervical lesions and compare characteristics such as parity and age of the women in Mardin province.Material and Method: Pap smears were drawn from the women screened at Mardin Gynecology and Pediatric Diseases Hospital from 2008 to 2011. All cervicovaginal smears were conventional Pap smear samples evaluated according to the 2001 Bethesda system.Results: There were 3.332 patients in total, whose smears showed no lesions in 3.125 patients. The mean age and number of parities of those patients were 37.34 +/- 11.25 and 4.78 +/- 3.28. There were 207 smears showing any lesions in cervix; ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, AGC, squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma in 151 (72.94%); 16 (7.72%); 20 (9.66%); 8 (3.86%); 10 (4.83%); 1 (0.48%) and 1 (0.48%) patient, respectively. The mean age and the parities of the patients were 37.63 +/- 10.77 years and 4,74 +/- 2,92. Although there was no difference between the control and lesion groups, the parity and the age of patients who had >= 4 births in both the control and lesion groups were significantly higher than the patients with parities <4 births (p=0.000). There was no difference within the cervical lesion group comparing the ASC-US group with the total of the other lesions.Conclusion: High parity was one of the risk factor for having a lesion in uterine cervix in this population. This study represents an initial attempt to reflect the prevalence and the distribution of cervical lesions and their relation with the parity rates in the eastern regions in Turkey

A Mimicker of Gallbladder Carcinoma: Cystic Gastric Heterotopia with Intestinal Metaplasia

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the gallbladder is an unusual entity and is usually clinically silent. We report a 75-year-old female patient who presented with intermittent upper abdomial pain radiating to the back. Abdominal imaging studies showed a sessile polypoid lesion and a gallstone in the gallbladder. Gallbladder carcinoma was suspected and cholecystectomy performed. Intraoperative frozen section examination suggested mucinous tumor, suspicious for malignancy. However, the permanent sections revealed aberrant gastric tissue consisted of gastric pyloric and fundic glands of heterotopic gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia in the gallbladder

Intracranial extra-axial chondroma: A case report

Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs most often at the skull base. In extremely rare instances, it arises from the dura mater of the convexity or from the falx cerebri. The tumor cells are thought to originate from meningeal fibroblasts, perivascular mesenchymal tissue, or ectopic chondrocytes. Because the clinical presentation of such cases is nonspecific and because neuroimaging findings are not pathognomonic, intracranial chondromas mimic other intracranial tumors. Herein, we report a chondroma originating from the dura mater in the frontal region. The patient had been followed-up radiologically for 3 years after a preliminary diagnosis of meningioma until the correct diagnosis of chondroma was established with postoperative histological examination

Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) expression in synovial sarcomas as a promising indicator of prognosis

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a type of soft-tissue sarcoma, often linked to poor survival. Although overexpression of enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) has been associated with poor prognosis in different tumors, a few studies investigated this link in SS. Here, we analyzed the relationship between EZH2 expression and prognostic factors in SS. We included 29 patients with SS. Immunostaining of EZH2 was performed with (D2C9) XPTM Rabbit mAb antibody, and the results were classified as low EZH2 expression (negative or weak expression) and high EZH2 expression category (moderate or strong expression). Analysis of survival in relation to prognostic factors was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Our sample included 19/29 female and 10/29 male patients, with age range 16-63 years. The tumor diameter ranged from 2 to 15 cm. Necrosis was observed in 15/29 cases. Sixteen cases had >10 mitoses per 50 high-power fields (HPFs). Out of 29 cases, 14 showed low and 15 had high EZH2 expression. Statistically significant results were obtained for the association between the presence of metastasis and necrosis (p = 0.042), high EZH2 expression and distant metastasis (p = 0.018), high EZH2 expression and necrosis (p = 0.016), and high EZH2 expression and the tumor size >5 cm versus tumor size ≤5 cm (p = 0.014). Patients with all of the following: the tumor size ≤5 cm, low EZH2 expression, and without necrosis and distant metastasis had significantly longer survival time. Our results are consistent with previous studies, suggesting that EZH2 overexpression is an indicator of poor prognosis in SS