影響台灣所得分配的政治因素探討

[[abstract]]1980年之前，台灣經濟快速成長，所得不均度亦持續下降。1980年之後，經濟雖持續成長，但所得分配卻日益惡化。排除一般原因之外，前一段經驗與政商分離有關，後一段經驗與政經勢力的結合有關。政經勢力所以結合，又與「民主化」有關。稅收佔國內生產毛額比重、公營企業之角色，約略可等同政府介入經濟活動、實行重分配的意志與能力。台灣稅收比率的長期遞減，以及公營事業的弱化，都與不均度上升的趨勢若合符節。追求短期經濟成長並非政府施政的首要目標，如何善理貧富關係與政治體制，讓企業財團獲取公平合理的政治代表性，是台灣更重要的課題。[[sponsorship]]政治大學臺灣研究中心; 政治大學社會科學院[[conferencetype]]國內[[conferencedate]]20131005~20131005[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]臺北市, 臺

The Impact of High University Tuition Policy on Disadvantage Students in Taiwan

[[abstract]]Taiwan’s education rate of return has increased incremen- tally over the long term, and education is the primary factor impacting income inequality. Its impact has been increasing every year. Having their children attend college is the way for disadvantaged households to escape poverty, but the high tuition policy is putting the poor in an increasingly difficult situation. In 1986, disadvantaged households were able to pay a portion of tuition costs; their borrowing amounted to less than their spending on education. Since 1996, however, the borrowing of disadvantaged households has been far higher than their spending on education, and the gap between the two has increasingly expanded. Moreover, disadvantaged households have to pay more tuition to have the same number of children attend university, possibly because it is more difficult for children from poor households to access quality, inexpensive public universities.[[journaltype]]國外[[ispeerreviewed]]Y[[booktype]]紙