畫夜節奏對運動時生理反應的影響

[[abstract]]本研究的主要目的在探討不同時段，從事最激烈運動的生理反應，以及生理反應與不 同生活起居類型的關連性。十八位平均年;齡22.19±1.13 歲男受試者，按問卷結果將 其分為早睡早起的晨雀、晚睡晚起的夜貓、以及中間三種生活起居類型，並分別在三 天內進行早上（8-10AM）、下午（3–5pM）以及晚上（8–10PM ）三個不同時段的口 溫、心跳率、攝氣量及最大跑步能力等測驗。結果發現安靜口溫在三組不同生活記居 類型受試者之間，沒有顯著差異，但下午及晚上的口溫顯著高於早上（P<.01 ）。安 靜心跳率及安靜攝氧量在三個時段及三種類型之間，均無顯著差異。雖然最大攝氧量 及最大跑步時間在三個不同時段間沒有顯著差異，但夜貓組顯著低於晨雀及中間兩組 。 本研究結果顯示心肺耐力並沒顯著的日夜差異，不過晚睡晚起的習慣，將對心肺耐力 與跑步能力有不良的影響。

Eichhornia crassipes Cleans Wetlands by Enhancing the Nitrogen Removal and Modulating Denitrifying Bacteria Community

The role of floating macrophytes on modulating the microbial nitrogen removal is not well understood. In this study, the cultivation of Eichhornia crassipes in eutrophic water may affect the nitrogen (N) fate by modulating the denitrifying bacteria diversity and abundance. The gaseous N losses via denitrification were estimated by 15N stable isotope tracing and the diversity and abundance of denitrifying genes (nirS, nirK, and nosZ) were investigated by molecular tools. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed that the diversity of denitrifying genes in the treatments with E. crassipes was significantly higher than that in the treatment without E. crassipes. The real-time PCR (qPCR) results showed the trend of denitrifier abundance in the entire system was in the order of N-ER (nitrate with just root of E. crassipes) and A-ER (ammonia with just root of E. crassipes)>N-R (nitrate with E. crassipes) and A-R (ammonia with E. crassipes)>N-W (nitrate without plant) and A-W (ammonia without plant). The gaseous 15N losses via denitrification were significantly and positively related to the abundance of nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes. The results indicated that cultivation of E. crassipes in eutrophic water could increase the diversity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria, resulting in more N being removed as gases via denitrification.The role of floating macrophytes on modulating the microbial nitrogen removal is not well understood. In this study, the cultivation of Eichhornia crassipes in eutrophic water may affect the nitrogen (N) fate by modulating the denitrifying bacteria diversity and abundance. The gaseous N losses via denitrification were estimated by 15N stable isotope tracing and the diversity and abundance of denitrifying genes (nirS, nirK, and nosZ) were investigated by molecular tools. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed that the diversity of denitrifying genes in the treatments with E. crassipes was significantly higher than that in the treatment without E. crassipes. The real-time PCR (qPCR) results showed the trend of denitrifier abundance in the entire system was in the order of N-ER (nitrate with just root of E. crassipes) and A-ER (ammonia with just root of E. crassipes)>N-R (nitrate with E. crassipes) and A-R (ammonia with E. crassipes)>N-W (nitrate without plant) and A-W (ammonia without plant). The gaseous 15N losses via denitrification were significantly and positively related to the abundance of nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes. The results indicated that cultivation of E. crassipes in eutrophic water could increase the diversity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria, resulting in more N being removed as gases via denitrification