Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Semangka (Citrullus Lanatus) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Asam Urat Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus Novergicus)

ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF WATERMELON EXTRACT (Citrullus lanatus) ON THE DECREASE OF URIC ACID LEVEL IN WHITE MALE RATS WISTAR (Rattus novergicus) Riri Eltadeza, Devi Usdiana Rosyidah Faculty Of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Backround : Citrullus lanatus is rich content of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Flavonoid has an effect on decreasing uric acid levels by inhibiting the action of xanthine oxidase enzymes that can reduce uric acid levels of white rats. Objective: To determine the effect of watermelon extract on the decrease of uric acid level in white male rats wistar. Method: This research is a laboratory experimental research with pretest-post test method with control group design. It used 25 male white rats of wistar strain 2-3 months old with 150-250 gram weight with potassium oxonate induced and divided into 5 groups: negative control group (aquades), positive control (allopurinol 2,52 mg / 200gBB), treatment of extract 500 mg 200gBB, 1000 mg/200gBB, and 1500 mg/200gBB. Result: One Way Anova test 2 hours after treatment was obtained p = 0,049 and 4 hours after treatment was obtained p = 0.003 (p <0.05) this means that there was significant difference of uric acid level in each group after treatment. In the LSD test 2 hours after treatment the results were found to different significantly in groups K (-) - K (+) and K (+) - D1. LSD 4 hours after treatment showed different significantly results in groups K (-) - K (+), K (-) - D2, K (-) - D3, and K (+) – D1. Conclution : Watermelon Extract has an effect on decreasing uric acid levels in white male rats wistar. The most optimal effect of uric acid reduction is watermelon extract dose III 1500 mg/200gBB. Keywords: Citrullus lanatus, Uric acid, Rat wista

Efek Hepatoprotektif Ekstrak Ethanol Buah Strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) Pada Kerusakan Oksidatif Hepar Mencit (Mus Musculus) Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Dengan Indikator Kadar SGPT

Fragaria Sp. contains flavonols, ellagic acid, antosianin, vitamine A, B and C which have hepatoprotective effect. The aim of this study is to determine the hepatoprotective effect of strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) were evaluated from the decreases value of SGPT in mice with paracetamol induced. This study was a laboratorium experimental study with posttest only control group design. The objects of study were 30 male mice, weight 20-30 grams, aged 13 months, and divided into 6 groups by incidental sampling, the groups were positive control (paracetamol 5,07ml/gBW), negative control (Aquadest 1 ml), extract ethanol strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) dose I (0,5mg/20gBW), extract ethanol strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) dose II (1,0mg/20gBW), and extract ethanol strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) dose III (2,0mg/20gBW). After applying treatment and damaged hepar induced by paracetamol, decrease value of SGPT in mice were observed and calculated where the value of SGPT came from mice blood taken from retro-orbita. Data were analyzed with statistical test Kruskal-Wallis and followed by post hoc test Mann-Whitney. Ethanol extract of strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) dose I (0,5ml/20gBW), dose II (1,0ml/20gBW) dan dose III (2,0ml/20gBW) have the hepatoprotective effect by decreasing value of SGPT with paracetamol induced, with the mean number of SGPT are 78,42; 46,94 and 22,95 respectively. Based on the results of Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, p value = 0.000 (p <0.005) showed significantly different mean of the number of value SGPT in the sixth group after being treated. Ethanol extract of strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) dose I (0,5ml/20gBW), dose II (1,0ml/20gBW) dan dose III (2,0ml/20gBW) have the hepatoprotective effect by decreasing value of SGPT with paracetamol induced. Keywords : Fragaria Sp., hepatoprotective, paracetamol, mic

Perbandingan Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi Berusia 0-6 Bulan Yang Diberi Asi Eksklusif Dengan Yang Diberi Tidak Asi Eksklusif Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Grogol Kabupaten Sukoharjo

Latar Belakang: Diare masih menjadi suatu problematika bagi kesehatan masyarakat terutama di Indonesia. Kejadian diare terbanyak menyerang kelompok usia 6-24 bulan. Hal ini terjadi karena bayi mulai mendapatkan makanan tambahan di luar ASI, dimana resiko ikut sertanya kuman pada makanan tambahan tinggi. Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan air susu yang mengandung antibodi dan antibiotik sehingga anak yang diberikan ASI memiliki daya tahan tubuh yang lebih stabil dibandingkan dengan anak yang diberi susu formula. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian diare bayi yang diberi ASI Eksklusif dibandingkan dengan yang diberi tidak ASI eksklusif pada rentang usia 6-9 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Grogol Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Hasil: Distribusi dari 64 responden didapatkan 34 bayi ASI Eksklusif dan 30 bayi tidak ASI Eksklusif. Hasil uji analisis statistik diperoleh nilai P = 0,003 (p < 0,05) dan OR = 0,205 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan kejadian diare pada bayi usia 6-9 bulan yang diberi ASI Eksklusif dengan yang diberi tidak ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kejadian diare yang bermakna pada bayi dengan rentang usia 6-9 bulan yang diberi ASI Eksklusif dengan yang diberi tidak ASI eksklusif

Uji Efektivitas Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Daun Sirih Merah (Piper Crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) Terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis secara In Vitro

Background: Red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) was one of Indonesian traditional medicinal plants that had many benefits and one of them as antibacterial. One of the content in red betel leaves was essential oil that had the ability as an antibacterial. The mechanism of essential oil of red betel leaves in inhibiting bacterial growth was disturbing the integrity of the cell membrane. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of antibacterial essential oils of red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) against Staphylococcus epidermidis in vitro. Method: Type of experimental research with post test method only with control group design. The bacteria used were Staphylococcus epidermidis in nutrient agar media. Each bacteria received seven different treatments such as essential oil concentration 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, positive control, and negative control. The positive control usedwas clindamycin solution. Antibacterial test used diffusion method with well technique. Result: Based on Kruskal-Wallis test results obtained p value of 0,000 which meant there were significant differences in antibacterial activity. In the Mann-Whitney test results, all concentrations of essential oils were significantly different from the negative controls, except for the 5% concentration. When compared with positive control, all concentrations had significant differences. On Spearman test results obtained p value 0.002 and correlation coefficient was 0.552 which meant a significant correlation between variables associated with the level correlation was medium. Conclusion: The essential oil of red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) had antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus epidermidis

Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol 70% Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar LDL Pada Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus) Putih Jantan Hiperkolesterolemia

Aloe vera extracts (Aloe vera L.) can reduce LDL levels because it contains acemannan (glucomannan) active substances and cellulose. The active substances work by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the gut. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of Aloe vera L. extracts which can lower LDL levels in white male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This research is a laboratory experimental research with pre and post test method and control group design. The study was conducted on 25 white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced with high-fat diet for 14 days. Subjects were divided into 5 groups, namely: negative control group, positive control group (Cholestyramine 0.2g/200gBW/day), treatment group 1 (0.3 g/200 gBW/day), treatment group 2 (0.6 g/200 gBW/day) and treatment group 3 (1.2 g/200 gBW/day). Measurements of LDL cholesterol were performed on day 7, day 21, and day 35. Based on the result of post hoc statistic test, obtained (p <0,05) means there is significant differences between positive control group and treatment group 1, 2, and 3 showed by p ≤ 0,05. This indicated that aloe vera extracts dose 0,3 g/200 gBW/day, 0.6 g/200 gBW/day, and 1.2g/200 gBW/day had an effect to lower LDL levels compared to negative control (aquadest). The post hoc test results between treatment groups shows that the doses of 0.3 g/200gBW and 0.6 g/200gBW had comparable strength and the dose of 1.2 g/200gBW had the most optimum lowering effect. The administration of Aloe vera L. extracts dose I (0,3 g/200 gBW/day), II (0.6 g/200 gBW/day) and III (1.2 g/200gBW) can lower LDL level in rat (Rattus norvegicus)