New nomenclatural combinations in vascular plants

In this paper the following new nomenclatural combinations are proposed: Descurainia suffruticosa (Coste & Soulié) Aymerich & L. Sáez, Linum suffruticosum subsp. castroviejoi (Mart. Labarga, Pedrol & Muñoz Garm.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium acrosticum (Balb.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium ×kochianus (Rasbach, Reichst. & Schneller) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich and Valeriana tarraconensis (Pau) L. Sáez & Aymerich.En aquesta aportació es proposen les següents noves combinacions nomenclaturals: Descurainia suffruticosa (Coste & Soulié) Aymerich & L. Sáez, Linum suffruticosum subsp. castroviejoi (Mart. Labarga, Pedrol & Muñoz Garm.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium acrosticum (Balb.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium ×kochianus (Rasbach, Reichst. & Schneller) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich i Valeriana tarraconensis (Pau) L. Sáez & Aymerich.En esta aportación se proponen las siguientes combinaciones nomenclaturales: Descurainia suffruticosa (Coste & Soulié) Aymerich & L. Sáez, Linum suffruticosum subsp. castroviejoi (Mart. Labarga, Pedrol & Muñoz Garm.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium acrosticum (Balb.) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich, Oeosporangium ×kochianus (Rasbach, Reichst. & Schneller) L. Sáez & P. Aymerich y Valeriana tarraconensis (Pau) L. Sáez & Aymerich

A weighted transplantation theorem for Jacobi coefficients

We present a transplantation theorem for Jacobi coefficients in weighted spaces. In fact, by using a discrete vector-valued local Calder\'{o}n-Zygmund theory, which has recently been furnished, we prove the boundedness of transplantation operators from $\ell^p(\mathbb{N},w)$ into itself, where $w$ is a weight in the discrete Muckenhoupt class $A_{p}(\mathbb{N})$. Moreover, we obtain weighted weak $(1,1)$ estimates for those operators.Comment: 16 page

Global Network Alignment

Motivation: High-throughput methods for detecting molecular interactions have lead to a plethora of biological network data with much more yet to come, stimulating the development of techniques for biological network alignment. Analogous to sequence alignment, efficient and reliable network alignment methods will improve our understanding of biological systems. Network alignment is computationally hard. Hence, devising efficient network alignment heuristics is currently one of the foremost challenges in computational biology. 

Results: We present a superior heuristic network alignment algorithm, called Matching-based GRAph ALigner (M-GRAAL), which can process and integrate any number and type of similarity measures between network nodes (e.g., proteins), including, but not limited to, any topological network similarity measure, sequence similarity, functional similarity, and structural similarity. This is efficient in resolving ties in similarity measures and in finding a combination of similarity measures yielding the largest biologically sound alignments. When used to align protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of various species, M-GRAAL exposes the largest known functional and contiguous regions of network similarity. Hence, we use M-GRAAL’s alignments to predict functions of un-annotated proteins in yeast, human, and bacteria _C. jejuni_ and _E. coli_. Furthermore, using M-GRAAL to compare PPI networks of different herpes viruses, we reconstruct their phylogenetic relationship and our phylogenetic tree is the same as sequenced-based one

Sobre la presencia de la sabina negra (Juniperus phoenicea L.) en Madrid.

Estudio de los escasos ejemplares de sabina negra localizados en la Comunidad de Madrid , importantes desde el punto de vista corológico por ser los más occidentales del centro peninsular

Precisiones sobre la corología y ecología de Ferula loscosii (Willk.) Lange (Apiaceae) en el centro de España

Se aportan 4 localidades en el centro de España del interesante endemismo Ferula loscosii (Willk.) Lange. Se trata de dos localidades nuevas en Cuenca, la primera localidad conocida para Toledo y se confirma en Madrid de donde no había referencias recientes desde 1974. Se aporta un mapa detallado de la especie en las provincias de Cuenca, Madrid y Toledo con todos los datos recopilados comprobados, se listan las especies con las que convive y se dan pautas sobre su ecología y conservación.Provide four locations in central Spain of interesting endemic Ferula loscosii (Willk.) Lange. These two new locations in Cuenca, the first known location for Toledo and confirmed in Madrid where there were recent references since 1974. A detailed map of the species is provided in the provinces of Cuenca, Madrid and Toledo with all data collected tested, the species with whom they live and guidelines are listed on its ecology and conservation are given

Enriched biodiversity data as a resource and service

Background: Recent years have seen a surge in projects that produce large volumes of structured, machine-readable biodiversity data. To make these data amenable to processing by generic, open source “data enrichment” workflows, they are increasingly being represented in a variety of standards-compliant interchange formats. Here, we report on an initiative in which software developers and taxonomists came together to address the challenges and highlight the opportunities in the enrichment of such biodiversity data by engaging in intensive, collaborative software development: The Biodiversity Data Enrichment Hackathon. Results: The hackathon brought together 37 participants (including developers and taxonomists, i.e. scientific professionals that gather, identify, name and classify species) from 10 countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the UK, and the US. The participants brought expertise in processing structured data, text mining, development of ontologies, digital identification keys, geographic information systems, niche modeling, natural language processing, provenance annotation, semantic integration, taxonomic name resolution, web service interfaces, workflow tools and visualisation. Most use cases and exemplar data were provided by taxonomists. One goal of the meeting was to facilitate re-use and enhancement of biodiversity knowledge by a broad range of stakeholders, such as taxonomists, systematists, ecologists, niche modelers, informaticians and ontologists. The suggested use cases resulted in nine breakout groups addressing three main themes: i) mobilising heritage biodiversity knowledge; ii) formalising and linking concepts; and iii) addressing interoperability between service platforms. Another goal was to further foster a community of experts in biodiversity informatics and to build human links between research projects and institutions, in response to recent calls to further such integration in this research domain. Conclusions: Beyond deriving prototype solutions for each use case, areas of inadequacy were discussed and are being pursued further. It was striking how many possible applications for biodiversity data there were and how quickly solutions could be put together when the normal constraints to collaboration were broken down for a week. Conversely, mobilising biodiversity knowledge from their silos in heritage literature and natural history collections will continue to require formalisation of the concepts (and the links between them) that define the research domain, as well as increased interoperability between the software platforms that operate on these concepts

CYP1A1 Variability In Human Populations

The human cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) enzyme plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous substrates. Because polymorphisms within the CYP1A1 gene have been shown to be associated with various cancer risks and with the predicting clinical efficacy of some chemotherapies in different populations, most studies focus on their clinical significance. We, however, were interested in evaluating whether the polymorphisms could be used to distinguish human populations. Four single nucleotide CYP1A1 polymorphisms (rs4646903/ g.75011641; rs1048943/g.75012985; g.75012235; and rs1799814/ g.75012987) were analysed via PCR-RFLP assay in 1,195 individuals of various human groups from all over the world. In order to gain a more complete view of the genetic variability of the CYP1A1 gene, different statistical analyses were performed upon the populations of the present study and upon the limited data gleaned from previously studied populations. The allele and haplotype frequencies vary among populations: the rs4646903 (C) and rs1048943 (G) have been found to be nearly always linked and were found at the highest frequencies in Native Americans, while the variant associated to the position g.75012235 was only detected in certain African populations. Our work clearly indicates that the CYP1A1 polymorphisms differ among populations and that the prediction of genotypes constitutes an important aspect of precision medicine since some variants were associated with certain cancers and rs1048943 show strong association with optimized chemotherapy. Moreover, the CYP1A1 gene plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and it is likely that its frequencies could be strongly influenced by environmental factors