Anderson Localization at the Subwavelength Scale and Loss Compensation for Surface-Plasmon Polaritons in Disordered Arrays of Metallic Nanowires

Using a random array of coupled metallic nanowires as a generic example of disordered plasmonic systems, we demonstrate that the structural disorder induces localization of light in these nanostructures at a deep-subwavelength scale. The ab initio analysis is based on solving the complete set of 3D Maxwell equations. We find that random variations of the radius of coupled plasmonic nanowires are sufficient to induce the Anderson localization (AL) of surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs), the size of these trapped modes being significantly smaller than the wavelength. Remarkably, the optical-gain coefficient, needed to compensate losses in the plasmonic components of the system, is much smaller than the loss coefficient of the metal, which is obviously beneficial for the realization of the AL in plasmonic nanostructures. The dynamics of excitation and propagation of the Anderson-localized SPPs are addressed too.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Dynamical Casimir effect for a massless scalar field between two concentric spherical shells

In this work we consider the dynamical Casimir effect for a massless scalar field -- under Dirichlet boundary conditions -- between two concentric spherical shells. We obtain a general expression for the average number of particle creation, for an arbitrary law of radial motion of the spherical shells, using two distinct methods: by computing the density operator of the system and by calculating the Bogoliubov coefficients. We apply our general expression to breathing modes: when only one of the shells oscillates and when both shells oscillate in or out of phase. We also analyze the number of particle production and compare it with the results for the case of plane geometry.Comment: Final version. To apear in Physical Review

Muslim charity : a concept of fundamental solidarity

There is no question about charity in Islam: Allah himself has ordered almsgiv-ing: "Narrated Anas bin Malik: … The man further said, 'I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to take zakat from our rich people and distribute it amongst our poor people?' The Prophet replied, 'By Allah, yes'." The fundamental relevance of Islamic charity, zakat and sadaqa3, roots in the Muslim understanding of God. According to the proper message of Mohammed the first and primary name and quality of God is rahman and rahim4. Allah is - so to speak – rahman, the life giving uterus, rahim. Like the uterus he gives life to the men without any pre-condition. Life is a gift free of charge not a reward for something. ..

OPTIMALISASI ZAKAT PROFESI DALAM UPAYA PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI KOTA BANDUNG

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui optimalisasi zakat profesi dalam upaya mengentaskan kemiskinan di Kota Bandung dilihat dari kondisi sebelum dan sesudah menerima zakat profesi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah penerima bantuan dari Badan Amil Zakat Kota Bandung. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif,. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan responden. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dan uji beda rata-rata sampel berpasangan untuk melihat adanya perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah menerima zakat profesi. . Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa: 1).Selama periode penelitian dari tahun 2010-2014, penerimaan zakat profesi Kota Bandung mengalami peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 11,6% per tahun. Dari total muzaki yang ada, baru 16% yang sudah membayar zakat profesinya melalui BAZ Kota Bandung. Zakat profesi yang terkumpul disalurkan kepada amilin, mustahik, sosial da’wah, pendidikan, ekonomi, dan kesehatan. 2) Sebelum menerima zakat profesi dari BAZ Kota Bandung, aset usaha para penerima zakat sebesar Rp. 2.987.132, volume usaha sebesar Rp 5.781.618 per bulan, unit usaha sebesar 1 buah, tenaga kerja sebanyak 0, pengeluaran usaha sebesar Rp 4.161.912 per bulan, dan pendapatan bersih sebesar Rp 1.619.706 per bulan. 3) Setelah menerima zakat profesi,rata-rata aset usaha, volume usaha, unit usaha, pengeluaran tenaga kerja, dan pendapatan bersih mengalami peningkatan. Kata Kunci: Optimalisasi, Zakat profesi, Kemiskinan   This research aims to determine the optimization of profession alms in reducing poverty in Bandung seen from the condition before and after receiving profession alms. The subjects were beneficiaries of Badan Amil Zakat Bandung. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection through interviews with respondents. The collected data is then analyzed and the average difference test paired samples to see the differences before and after receiving profession alms. Based on the results of the research, showed that: 1) As long study period of 2010-2014, profession alms Bandung has increased on average by 11.6% per year. Of the total existing muzaki, only 16% are already paying profession alms through BAZ Bandung. Profession alms raised goes to Amilin, mustahik, proselytizing social, educational, economic, and health. 2) Before accepting profession alms of BAZ Bandung, the average of business assets of the recipients of alms amounting to Rp. 2,987,132, business volume amounted to Rp 5,781,618 per month, a business unit of 1 piece, a workforce of 0, the business expenses of Rp 4,161,912 per month, and net income of Rp 1,619,706 per month. 3) After receiving profession alms, the average of business assets, business volume, business unit, business expenses, and net income increased. Keywords: optimization, profession alms, povert

Type Classes for Lightweight Substructural Types

Linear and substructural types are powerful tools, but adding them to standard functional programming languages often means introducing extra annotations and typing machinery. We propose a lightweight substructural type system design that recasts the structural rules of weakening and contraction as type classes; we demonstrate this design in a prototype language, Clamp. Clamp supports polymorphic substructural types as well as an expressive system of mutable references. At the same time, it adds little additional overhead to a standard Damas-Hindley-Milner type system enriched with type classes. We have established type safety for the core model and implemented a type checker with type inference in Haskell.Comment: In Proceedings LINEARITY 2014, arXiv:1502.0441