Climate change impacts on water for irrigated horticulture in the Vale of Evesham. Final Report

This project has undertaken a scoping review and assessment of the impacts of climate change on irrigated horticulture in the Vale of Evesham, an area of intense irrigated production located within the Environment Agency’s Warwickshire Avon CAMS Catchment. The research was based on a combination of methodologies including desk-based review of published and grey literature, computer agroclimatic and water balance modelling, GIS mapping, meetings with key informants and a stakeholder workshop. Future climate datasets were derived from the latest UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKICIP02) climatology, using selected emission scenarios for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s. These scenarios were then used to model and map the future agroclimatic conditions under which agriculture might operate and the consequent impacts on irrigation need (depths of water applied) and volumetric demand. This was complimented by a postal survey to abstractors and a stakeholder workshop, to identify, review and assess farmer adaptation options and responses. The key findings arising from the research, implications for water resource management and recommendations for further work are summarised below. Using a geographical information system (GIS), a series of agroclimate maps have been produced, for the baseline and selected UKCIP02 scenario. The maps show major changes in agroclimate within the catchment over the next 50 years. The driest agroclimate zones are currently located around Worcester, Evesham, Tewkesbury and Gloucester, corresponding to areas where horticultural production and irrigation demand are most concentrated. By the 2020s, all agroclimate zones are predicted to increase in aridity. By the 2050s the entire catchment is predicted to have a drier agroclimate than is currently experienced anywhere in the driest parts of the catchment. This will have major impacts on the pattern of land use and irrigation water demand. Cont/d

Impact of Infrastructure and Agroclimate on the Location of Rural Bank Branches in Pakistan: A Preliminary Assessment

Rural financial institutions play an important role in development and growth of the agricultural sector. In developing economies some rural areas are adequately served by financial institutions, while others have little or no access to these institutions. This uneven pattern of geographic location of rural bank branches has been attributed largely to regional differences in agroclimatic conditions and infrastructural endowments. We have estimated several alternative specifications which can be helpful in understanding the spatial distribution of commercial bank branches across the rural areas. Our results indicate that the location of rural bank branches is significantly influenced by infrastructural endowments and agroclimatic environment.

Launch of the Ethiopian Digital AgroClimate Advisory Platform (EDACaP) Progress Report on EDACaP Development and Hosting

This brief outlines progress achieved with the establishment of the Ethiopian Digital AgroClimate Advisory Platform (EDACaP) under the CCAFS project P263 (Regional and national engagement, synthesis and strategic research) with support from P1605 (Capacitating African Stakeholders with Climate Advisories and Insurance Development). EDACaP aims to build farmers' resilience through agro-climate advisories that digitally integrate climate, soil, crop and agronomic data and are delivered through SMS, IVRS and radio to development agents and farmers in local languages. It builds on a partnership between the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), the National Meteorological Agency, CIAT, ILRI, CIMMYT with additional support from ICRISAT, IRI, and University of Florida

How infrastructure and financial institutions affect agricultural output and investment in India

How do the decisions of farmers, financial institutions, and government agencies interact and affect agricultural investment and output in a region - and to what extent are these"actors"influenced by a region's location and agroclimactic endowments (for example, rainfall or the soil's moisture-holding capacity). This paper presents an attempt to quantify the relationships between key factors, using district level time-series data from India.Economic Theory&Research,Agricultural Research,Financial Intermediation,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies

Participatory agro-climate information services: A key component in climate resilient agriculture

The brief promotes participatory agro-climate information services as a key component in achieving climate-smart agriculture. The brief emphasizes that actionable agro-climate information starts with—and responds to—gender-based needs of farmers, integrated at all stages of the value chain. Timely forecasts and accurate agroclimate advisories have been proven to provide farmers with production, adaptation, and mitigation benefits

Analisis Persebaran Iklim Klasifikasi Oldeman Di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Informasi iklim sangat diperlukan, karena dengan informasi iklim, dapat ditentukan jenis tanaman dan waktu tanam yang cocok di suatu daerah. Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, memiliki potensi pertanian yang sangat besar yang ditunjukan dengan besarnya luas area pertanian dan tingginya kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap PDRB Provinsi DIY. Iklim klasifikasi Oldeman membentuk zona agroklimat untuk menetahui waktu tanam dan jenis tanaman yang sesuai, maka perlu evaluasi kesesuaian antara informasi iklim Oldeman dengan implementasi di lapangan untuk mengetahui manfaat informasi iklim Oldeman bagi petani. Sehingga penelitian ini berjudul ANALISIS PERSEBARAN IKLIM KLASIFIKASI OLDEMAN DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA. Penelilian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui persebaran iklim dan zona agroklimat klasifikasi Oldeman, (2) menganalisis kesesuaian zona agroklimat Oldeman dan kalender tanam di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis data sekunder, pengolahan data sekunder meliputi penghitungan tipe iklim Oldeman, pengolahan data spasial, dan analisis kesesuaian zona agroklimat klasifikasi Oldeman dan kalender tanam. Hasil dari penelitian adalah peta persebaran iklim Oldeman dan peta kesesuaian zona agroklimat klasifikasi Oldeman dengan kalender masa tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa di daerah penelitian, memiliki enam tipe iklim Oldeman yaitu : iklim B2, C2,C3, D3, D4, dan E4, dan daerah yang memiliki kesesuaian antara zona agroklimat Oldeman dan kalender tanam di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta adalah bagian utara Kecamatan Pakem dan Kasihan, bagian barat Kecamatan Turi dan Pakem, bagian selatan kecamatan gamping, bagian tengah Kecamatan lendah, dan sebagian kecil di timur Kecamatan Semi

Spatial dynamics of labor markets in Brazil

There was substantial spatial variation in labor market outcomes in Brazil over the 1990s. In 2000, about one-fifth of workers lived in apparently economically stagnant municipios where real wages declined but employment increased faster than the national population growth rate. More than one-third lived in apparently dynamic municipios, experiencing both real wage growth and faster-than-average employment growth. These areas absorbed more than half of net employment growth over the period. To elucidate this spatial variation, the authors estimate spatial labor supply and demand equations describing wage and employment changes of Brazilian municipios. They use Conley's spatial GMM technique to allow for instrumental variable estimation in the presence of spatially autocorrelated errors. The main findings include: (1) a very strong influence of initial workforce educational levels on subsequent wage growth (controlling for possibly confounding variables such as remoteness and climate); (2) evidence of positive spillover effects of own-municipio growth onto neighbors'wage and employment levels; (3) an exodus from farming areas; (4) relatively elastic response of wages to an increase in labor supply; and (5) evidence of a local multiplier effect from government transfers.Labor Markets,Economic Theory&Research,Economic Growth,Municipal Financial Management,Achieving Shared Growth

Modelling shifts in agroclimate and crop cultivar response under climate change

201