Distribusi Dan Kelimpahan Larva Ikan Pada Ekosistem Mangrove Di Desa Pasar Banggi Kabupaten Rembang

Rembang Regency located in the northeastern part of Central Java which has 106.66 ha mangrove rehabilitation area. Mangrove ecosystem in Rembang has been managed by local communities and NGOs for eco-tourism. The local people also have actively cleared mangrove area for artificial ponds that are put an ecological pressure into mangrove ecosystem function. One of the important impact that needs to be concerned is the disruption of vital habitat as well as the development of fish larvae in mangrove area. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of fish larvae families, distribution, abundance, uniformity, diversity and dominance of larval fish in in the mangrove ecosystem of Pasar Banggi, Rembang. The samplings were conducted in April 2016 three times, with intervals one week. The sampling method was done by stratified sampling method. In three times sampling we obtained seven families of fish larvae in the following name: Gerreidae, Gobiidae, Clupeidae, Engraulidae, Adrianichtyidae, Megalopidae and Carangidae. The diversity indices range between 0,087- 0,770, with the highest in level in mangrove area with mangrove age of three years. The uniformity index ranges between 0,062 – 0,555, the highest value is also in mangrove area with mangrove age of three years. The dominance index values ranging between 0,577 – 0,972, with the highest value in the in mangrove area with mangrove age of fifty years. Highest abundance of fish larvae were caught among the sites acquired in the area A ( mangrove area about fifty years ) is 40 Ind / m3 , region B ( mangrove area about seven years ) of 22 Ind / m3 and the lowest is the area C ( mangrove area about three years old ) by 19 Ind / m3

Collection Of Freshwater And Coastal Fishes From Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia [Koleksi Ikan-ikan Air Tawar dan Pantai di Sulawesi Tenggara]

We report 69 fish species in 34 teleost families nearly all collected during a preliminary survey of the Sungai Pohara and coastal localities in Sulawesi Tenggara, including Muna Island, in June 2010. Of these species, nine are introduced or exotic and another is questionably native. The family Gobiidae is the most diverse taxon, represented by 14 native species. Atherinomorph fishes of the family Adrianichthyidae are represented in the province by four endemic species and two others that are widespread, all in the genus Oryzias. This fish fauna contrasts sharply with the riverine ichthyo-fauna of the adjacent Sulawesi Tenggara islands of Buton and Kabaena in which there are reportedly no ricefishes and few endemics. New species are being described by the field team and collaborators. Our ultimate goal is to discover, describe, highlight, understand and encourage the conservation of the native freshwater and coastal fish biota of Sulawesi

Hubungan Panjang-bobot Dan Faktor Kondisi Ikan Rono, Adrianichthys Oophorus Kottelat, 1990 (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) Di Danau Poso Sulawesi Tengah [Length-weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Eggcarrying Buntinge, Adrianichthys Oophorus Kottelat,1990 (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) in Danau Poso, Sulawesi Tengah]

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan panjang-bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan rono (A. oophorus) di Danau Poso. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2012 sampai Juli 2013 di empat stasiun pengamatan. Penang-kapan dilakukan pada malam hari dengan menggunakan bagan perahu tradisional. Diperoleh ikan contoh sebanyak 735 ekor, terdiri atas 566 ekor betina dan 169 ekor jantan. Panjang ikan jantan maupun betina berkisar antara 41-86 mm dan bobot berkisar antara 0,46-6,14 g. Persamaan hubungan panjang bobot ikan jantan sebagai dan betina sebagai W = 6 x 10"6L3,074dan W = 8x 10"6L3,011. Pola pertumbuhan ikan rono jantan maupun betina bersifat isometrik. Nilai rata-rata faktor kondisi ikan jantan dan betina berturut-turut 1,35±0,06 dan 1,43±0,05

Spesies Ikan Langka dan Terancam Punah Perlu Dilindungi Undang-undang

Indonesia yang sebagian besar wilayahnya terdiri dari perairan memiliki keanekaragaman ikan yang tinggi. Tercatat kira-kira 2 140 spesies ikan laut dan 1 300 jenis spesies ikan air tawar. Akibat kegiatan pembangunan yang kurang memperhatikan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati, banyak spesies ikan terancam, sementara yang sudah dilindungi undang-undang baru 6 termasuk hiu Sentani dan Raja laut, sebagian besar adalah ikan air tawar. Perlu dilakukan penelaahan tentang spesies ikan air tawar yang terancam punah (threatened),jarang (rare) dan yang bersifat endemik serta yang mengalami penurunan populasi secara cepat (depleted)karena eksploitasi maupun Perusakan habitat sebagai upaya perlindungannya

Biomarcadores etológicos no invasivos de estrés ambiental: estudio comparativo en dos teleosteos de ecosistemas de la región pampeana argentina

Mediante un dispositivo de registro automático se estudió el efecto de la exposición a soluciones subletales de Cd2+ (0.3 mg. L'1) sobre algunos parámetros etológicos de juveniles de Cyprinus carpió (carpa común) y de Astyanax fasciatus (“mojarra”). Se evaluó el efecto del metal sobre la actividad natatoria total y las preferencias altitudinales y laterales de los peces. Los tres parámetros se registraron simultáneamente mediante un dispositivo original. Se evaluaron los niveles “normales” o estándar de dichos parámetros (los peces en agua potable, control) y los alcanzados por los mismos individuos tras su exposición al tóxico de referencia (Cd). El metal provocó una depresión de la actividad natatoria total alcanzando una magnitud comparable en ambas especies. La preferencia altitudinal, también resultó modificada: C. carpió se halló con mayor frecuencia en la capa superior de los acuarios mientras que A. fasciatus se ubicó en las inferiores. En cuanto a la preferencia lateral, los individuos de ambas especies evitaron la franja vertical donde se producía el goteo de la solución de Cd; si bien esta respuesta espacial de los animales no siguió un patrón definido fue más marcada en las carpas. Todas las respuestas se pusieron de manifiesto inmediatamente después de haberse iniciado la exposición al Cd. El método resultó sensible y apto para el seguimiento de los parámetros etológicos seleccionados. Se concluye que la actividad natatoria y la ubicación espacial de las especies estudiadas, entre otros indicadores, pueden ser considerados como biomarcadores de toxicidad acuática.By means of an automatic recording device, the eífects of the exposure to sublethal Solutions of Cd2+ (0.3 mg. L2) on some ethological parameters of juvenile Cyprinus carpió (common carp) and Astyanaxfasciatus. The effect of the metal was evaluated through three parameters: the total swimming activity and the spatial (lateral and altitudinal) preferences, relative to Controls (fish kept in tap water); they were registered simultaneously by means oían original device. There were determined successively the “normal” or standard levels of those parameters in control fish and those reached by the same individuáis aftertheir exposure to thereferencetoxic (Cd). In both species the metal caused a depression of the total swimming activity in a comparable magnitude. The altitudinal preference was also modified: C. carpió was found more frequently in the superior layer of the aquaria while A. fasciatus was found in the inferior ones. For the lateral preference, the individuáis of both species showed an avoidance behavior of the site of the aquaria where the Cd Solutions was dripping. This response of the animáis didn't follow a defined pattem, but was more marked in the carps. All the evaluated responses to the toxic were detected immediately after the beginning of the exposure to Cd. The method proved to be sensitive and apt for the monitoring of the measured behavioural parameters which makes it a promising tool for biomonitoring purposes. We concluded that the swimming activity and the spatial location preferences of the studied species, among other, may be considered as biomarkers of aquatic toxicity

Tissue-specific transcriptome assemblies of the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma and comparative analysis with the freshwater medaka Oryzias latipes

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Assessing variation in the potential susceptibility of fish to pharmaceuticals, considering evolutionary differences in their physiology and ecology

Fish represent the planet's most diverse group of vertebrates and they can be exposed to a wide range of pharmaceuticals. For practical reasons, extrapolation of pharmaceutical effects from 'model' species to other fish species is adopted in risk assessment. Here, we critically assess this approach. First, we show that between 65% and 86% of human drug targets are evolutionarily conserved in 12 diverse fish species. Focusing on nuclear steroid hormone receptors, we further show that the sequence of the ligand binding domain that plays a key role in drug potency is highly conserved, but there is variation between species. This variation for the oestrogen receptor, however, does not obviously account for observed differences in receptor activation. Taking the synthetic oestrogen ethinyloestradiol as a test case, and using life-table-response experiments, we demonstrate significant reductions in population growth in fathead minnow and medaka, but not zebrafish, for environmentally relevant exposures. This finding contrasts with zebrafish being ranked as more ecologically susceptible, according to two independent life-history analyses. We conclude that while most drug targets are conserved in fish, evolutionary divergence in drug-target activation, physiology, behaviour and ecological life history make it difficult to predict population-level effects. This justifies the conventional use of at least a 10× assessment factor in pharmaceutical risk assessment, to account for differences in species susceptibility.Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (Mistra)UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)AstraZeneca's Global SHE Research Programm

Inner ear morphology in the Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana

Fishes show an amazing diversity in hearing abilities, inner ear structures, and otolith morphology. Inner ear morphology, however, has not yet been investigated in detail in any member of the diverse order Cyprinodontiformes. We, therefore, studied the inner ear of the cyprinodontiform freshwater fish Poecilia mexicana by analyzing the position of otoliths in situ, investigating the 3D structure of sensory epithelia, and examining the orientation patterns of ciliary bundles of the sensory hair cells, while combining μ-CT analyses, scanning electron microscopy, and immunocytochemical methods. P. mexicana occurs in different ecotypes, enabling us to study the intra-specific variability (on a qualitative basis) of fish from regular surface streams, and the Cueva del Azufre, a sulfidic cave in southern Mexico. The inner ear of Poecilia mexicana displays a combination of several remarkable features. The utricle is connected rostrally instead of dorso-rostrally to the saccule, and the macula sacculi, therefore, is very close to the utricle. Moreover, the macula sacculi possesses dorsal and ventral bulges. The two studied ecotypes of P. mexicana showed variation mainly in the shape and curvature of the macula lagenae, in the curvature of the macula sacculi, and in the thickness of the otolithic membrane. Our study for the first time provides detailed insights into the auditory periphery of a cyprinodontiform inner ear and thus serves a basis--especially with regard to the application of 3D techniques--for further research on structure-function relationships of inner ears within the species-rich order Cyprinodontiformes. We suggest that other poeciliid taxa, or even other non-poeciliid cyprinodontiforms, may display similar inner ear morphologies as described here